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.gitignore vendored
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@ -3,7 +3,3 @@ gmon.out
dist
build
*.egg-info
.venv
solidity/*.json
solidity/*.interface
solidity/*.bin

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CHANGELOG
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@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
- 0.2.0
- Bump chainlib-eth>=0.3.0,<0.4.0
- 0.0.3
- Update contracts to cic-base state 0.1.2-beta.5
- Add interface digest generator script
* Update contracts to cic-base state 0.1.2-beta.5
* Add interface digest generator script
- 0.0.2
- Add token endorser contract
* Add token endorser contract
- 0.0.1
- Consolidate all existing contract interfaces
* Consolidate all existing contract interfaces

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@ -1,235 +1,674 @@
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In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a patent against the party.
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A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
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Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, if you modify the Program, your modified version must prominently offer all users interacting with it remotely through a computer network (if your version supports such interaction) an opportunity to receive the Corresponding Source of your version by providing access to the Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge, through some standard or customary means of facilitating copying of software. This Corresponding Source shall include the Corresponding Source for any work covered by version 3 of the GNU General Public License that is incorporated pursuant to the following paragraph.
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The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU Affero General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
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Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU Affero General Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU Affero General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
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If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU Affero General Public License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
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Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
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15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
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IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
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IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
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DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES.
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the specific requirements.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

1
MANIFEST.in
View File

@ -1 +0,0 @@
include *requirements.txt python/cic/* python/cic/runnable/* LICENSE README*

33
Makefile
View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ INPUTS = $(wildcard solidity/*.sol)
OUTPUTS_JSON = $(patsubst %.sol, %.json, $(INPUTS))
OUTPUTS_INTERFACE = $(patsubst %.sol, %.interface, $(INPUTS))
OUTPUTS = $(OUTPUTS_JSON) $(OUTPUTS_INTERFACE)
PREFIX = $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/share/cic/solidity/abi
PREFIX = /usr/local/share/cic/solidity/abi
#%.abi.json: $(wildcard *.sol)
# install -vDm0644 $@ $(PREFIX)/$@
@ -19,41 +19,14 @@ PREFIX = $(DESTDIR)/usr/local/share/cic/solidity/abi
.sol.interface:
bash to_interface.sh $(basename $@).sol > $@
all: outs doc
outs: $(OUTPUTS)
all: $(OUTPUTS)
echo $(OUTPUTS)
install-code: $(OUTPUTS)
install: $(OUTPUTS)
install -vDm0644 -t $(PREFIX) $?
install-doc:
bash texify.sh
install: outs install-code install-doc doc
clean:
rm -vf solidity/*.json
rm -vf solidity/*.interface
doc:
bash texify.sh
make -C doc/texinfo
readme:
make -C doc/texinfo readme
pandoc -f docbook -t gfm doc/texinfo/build/docbook.xml > README.md
cp -v README.md python/README.md
python-contract: outs
mkdir -vp python-contract-interfaces/cic_contracts/data
cp -v solidity/*.interface python-contract-interfaces/cic_contracts/data
cp -v solidity/*.json python-contract-interfaces/cic_contracts/data
make -C python-contract-interfaces
python-cic: python
python setup.py sdist
python: python-cic python-contract
.PHONY: clean install

983
README.md
View File

@ -1,983 +0,0 @@
# Smart contract interfaces
## Technology
CIC smart contracts are implemented using the *solidity* programming
language for the (Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
## Adopted standards
### Signing
### ERC - Direct use
The following well-known solidity interfaces are used directly.
- [ERC20 - Token Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-20)
- [ERC165 - Standard Interface
Detection](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165)
- [ERC173 - Contract Ownership
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-173)
- [ERC191 - Signed Data
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191)
- [ERC712 - Typed structured data hashing and
signing](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712)
- [ERC721 - Non-Fungible Token
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721)
- [ERC5007 - Time NFT (EIP-721 Time
Extension)](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5007)
- [ERC5192 - Minimal Soulbound
NFTs](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5192)
### ERCs Partial use
The following well-known solidity interfaces are partially implemented
in CIC native interfaces.
- [ERC5679 - Token Minting and
Burning](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5679) (See `Minter`,
`Burner`)
## Native interfaces
### ACL
A simple Access Control List definition that returns true of false
depending on whether an signatory (address) is allowed to operate in a
given context.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
3ef25013
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IACL {
// Returns true if the address has permission to operate in the given context.
function have(address _address) external view returns(bool);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git>
### Accounts Index
Append-only list of addresses. Typically used for access control lists.
Addresses may be *added*, *removed*, aswell as *deactivated* and
*activated*. Deactivated accounts still count towards the `entryCount`.
The `entry` method is used to iterate the account list. The order of
which accounts are returned is not guaranteed. Any returned value
matching `address(0x00)` should be skipped, and not counted towards
`entryCount`.
May optionally record time when account was added.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b7bca625
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IAccountsIndex {
// Address added to store, index in array.
event AddressAdded(uint256 indexed _idx, address _account);
// Return number of entries in index.
function entryCount() external view returns (uint256);
// Return entry at the spceificed index.
// Will revert if index is beyond array length.
// An entry result of 0 means the entry should be skipped, and not count towards entry count.
function entry(uint256) external view returns (address);
// Add an entry to the index. Incresases the entry count.
function add(address) external returns (bool);
// Verify that the entry exists in the index.
// Implements ACL
function have(address) external view returns (bool);
// Retrieve the timestamp when account was added.
// If time is not being tracked, a value of 0 should be returned.
function time(address) external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git> (v0.5.1)
### Accounts Index Mutable
Extends the functionality of `Accounts Index` to allow changes to the
address list.
Addresses may be *added*, *removed*, aswell as *deactivated* and
*activated*. Deactivated accounts still count towards the `entryCount`.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
9479f0ae
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IAccountsIndexMutable {
// Active status of address changed, and by whom changed.
event AddressActive(address indexed _account, bool _active);
// Address removed from store, and by whom removed.
event AddressRemoved(address _account);
// Remove an entry from the index. Reduces the entry count.
function remove(address) external returns (bool);
// Deactivate account but keep in index. Does not affect entry count.
function deactivate(address) external returns (bool);
// Activate previously deactivated account. Does not affect entry count.
function activate(address) external returns (bool);
// Check if account exists and is active;
function isActive(address) external view returns (bool);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git> (v0.5.1)
### Burner
Attached to `ERC20` and `ERC721` tokens that may be *burned*.
Implements the `burn(...)` part of `ERC5679` for interoperability.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b1110c1b
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IBurner {
// Token(s) successfully burned; by who and how much.
event Burn(address indexed _burner, uint256 _burned);
// Satisfies ERC 5679
function burn(address _from, uint256 _amount, bytes calldata _data) external;
// Burn given amount of tokens held by signer.
function burn(uint256 _amount) external returns (bool);
// Burn all tokens held by signer.
// Returns the amount of tokens burned.
function burn() external returns (uint256);
// Total amount of tokens that have been burned.
function totalBurned() external returns (uint256);
// Total amount of tokens ever minted.
// If totalSupply() is available (ERC20, ERC721 Enumerable), this equals totalSupply() + totalBurned().
function totalMinted() external returns (uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Chrono
Define a creation time for a resource.
Complements `ERC5007`.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
4db1ccd4
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IChrono {
// Returns the timestamp of when a resource corresponding to _idx was first created.
// int64 chosen as return value for simpler interoperability with ERC5007.
function createTime(uint256 _idx) external returns(int64);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.defalsify.org/eth-erc721> (BadgeToken contract)
### Declarator
Permissionless store of signed claims made by an address about other
addresses, or addresses about themselves.
It is used to declare or respond to certifications of vouchers, NFT,
voucher members.
Addresses may be Externally Owned Accounts or smart contracts.
Claims may be made with or without topics. A missing topic is synonymous
with a topic value of `bytes32(0x00)`.
Any number of claims can be made about an address under any number of
topics. All claims must be stored, and returned in the order which they
were added.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
21b7493b
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IDeclarator {
event DeclarationAdded(address indexed _declarator, address indexed _subject, bytes32 indexed _topic, bytes32 _proof);
// Get all declarations for a subject (without topic) signed by a declarator
function declaration(address _declarator, address _subject) external view returns ( bytes32[] memory );
// Get all declarations for a subject for the given topic signed by a declarator
function declaration(address _declarator, address _subject, bytes32 _topic) external view returns ( bytes32[] memory );
// Get number of declarations the declarator has ever signed
function declarationCount(address _declarator) external view returns ( uint256 );
// Get the subject of a declarator's declarations at the specific index
function declarationAddressAt(address _declarator, uint256 _idx) external view returns ( address );
// Add a declaration for the subject
function addDeclaration(address _subject, bytes32 _proof) external returns ( bool );
// Add a declaration with topic for the subject
function addDeclaration(address _subject, bytes32 _proof, bytes32 _topic) external returns ( bool );
// Get the declarator that signed a declaration at the specificed index for a subject
function declaratorAddressAt(address _subject, uint256 _idx) external view returns ( address );
// Get the number of declarators that have signed for a subject
function declaratorCount(address _subject) external view returns ( uint256 );
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-address-index.git>
### Digest
Allows encoding of digests according to a specific encoding scheme.
Primary use-case is the abstraction of self-describing
[Multhash](https://multiformats.io/multihash/) encoding.
A default encoding *must* always be defined, and the encoding of a valid
digest *must* succeed with the default encoding.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
982ab05d
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IDigest {
// Returns the default digest encoding used by the contract instance.
function defaultDigestEncoding() external view returns (uint256 _encoding);
// Check if the given encoding has been implemented in the contract instance.
function haveDigestEncoding(uint256 _codec) external view returns(bool);
// Verify and encode the given digest for a specific hashing algorithm.
// Returns a zero-length byte array if digest is invalid.
// Must succeed if called with the defaultDigestEncoding and a valid digest.
function encodeDigest(bytes memory _data, uint256 _encoding) external view returns (bytes memory);
// Encodes the digest using the default digest encoding.
// Returns a zero-length byte array if digest is invalid.
// Must succeed with a valid digest.
function encodeDigest(bytes memory _data) external view returns (bytes memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
### Expire
Defines an expiry time after which token balances and supply *cannot
change*.
A contract defining an expiry *must not* allow changing the expiration
time to a time in the past.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
841a0e94
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IExpire {
// Contract has expired.
event Expired(uint256 _timestamp);
// Expiry time has changed.
event ExpiryChange(uint256 indexed _oldTimestamp, uint256 _newTimestamp);
// The current expiration timestamp.
function expires() external returns (uint256);
// Check expiry and apply expiration if expired.
// Return values must be:
// 0: not yet expired.
// 1: already expired.
// >1: expiry executed.
function applyExpiry() external returns(uint8);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Faucet
Used for dispensing tokens to any address.
It can be used for gas tokens and *ERC20* alike.
The interface is the same whether the faucet is dispensing from existing
balance or minting new tokens.
The value dispersed *must* be the same for all addresses.
In general, four criteria are expected to exist in any combination for
limiting access to the faucet:
Time
A recipient may only use the faucet again after some time has passed.
Balance threshold
A recipient may only use the faucet after its balance is below a certain
amount.
Membership
A recipient may only use the faucet if it has been added to an access
control list.
Capacity
The contract has sufficient token funds to dispense the current defined
amount to dispense.
The *check(address)* contract call *must* evaluate all four criteria,
and *must* return `false` if any of the criteria are not met.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
1a3ac634
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IFaucet {
// Tokens were given to an address
event Give(address indexed _recipient, address indexed _token, uint256 _value);
// The amount that the faucet disperses has changed
event FaucetAmountChange(uint256 _value);
// Address of token the faucet represents
// The faucet will return gas tokens with the zero-address is returned.
function token() external returns (address);
// Amount of tokens the faucet gives out
function tokenAmount() external returns (uint256);
// Give tokens to the given recipient. Returns amount of tokens given.
function giveTo(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
// Give tokens to yourself. Returns amount of tokens given.
function gimme() external returns (uint256);
// Check if faucet may be used in the current contract state by _recipient
function check(address _recipient) external view returns (bool);
// Returns timestamp when faucet may be used again by _recipient
// If 0 is returned, the address has not yet been used.
// A return value of max(uint256) indicates that the faucet may not be used again.
function nextTime(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
// Returns the token balance under which faucet may be used again by _recipient
// A return value of max(uint256) indicates that the faucet may be used regardless
// of the token balance of _recipient
function nextBalance(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-faucet.git>
- <git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git>
### Locator
This interface supports `ERC721 Metadata`, in particular the
`tokenURI(uint256)` call.
Off-chain resources in the CIC network *must* be defined in terms of
content addressed strings.
It *must* be possible to refer to all off-chain resources directly by
the content address.
Furthermore, it *should* be possible to refer to a resource by a
fully-qualified location on the web or an overlay network (e.g. tor).
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
ed75b333
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ILocator {
// URI that may or may not point to a specific resource location.
function toURI(bytes memory _data) external view returns (string memory);
// URL pointing to a specific resource location.
function toURL(bytes memory _data) external view returns(string memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
#### Expressing locators in terms of numeric token id
Given the numeric token id `1234567890987654321` (`0x112210f4b16c1cb1`
hex), and a base url `https://contentgateway.grassecon.net`, the result
of the methods may be as follows:
`toURI(toHex(1234567890987654321))`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
`toURL(toHex(1234567890987654321))`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
`tokenURI(1234567890987654321)`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
#### Expressing locators in terms of a digest
Given the data `foo`, the digest algorithm `sha256` and a base url
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net`, the result of the methods may be
as follows:
`toURI(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`toURL(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))`
-\>
`"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
#### Locator without URL
Given the data `foo`, the digest algorithm `sha256` and no base url, the
result of the methods may be as follows:
`toURI(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`toURL(sha256(foo))`
-\> `""`
`tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
### Minter
Attached to `ERC20` and `ERC721` tokens that may be minted.
Implements the `mint(...)` and `safeMint(...)` parts of `ERC5679` for
interoperability.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
5878bcf4
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IMinter {
// Tokens are successfully minted; by who, to whom and how much
event Mint(address indexed _minter, address indexed _beneficiary, uint256 value);
// The given token has been successfully minted; by who, to whom and how much
event Mint(address indexed _minter, address indexed _beneficiary, address indexed _token, uint256 value);
// Mint the specified value of tokens to the specified recipient
function mintTo(address _beneficiary, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
// Satisfies ERC5679 for ERC20
function mint(address _beneficiary, uint256 value, bytes calldata _data) external;
// Satisfies ERC5679 for ERC721
function safeMint(address _beneficiary, uint256 value, bytes calldata _data) external;
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Msg
Enables a reference "message" to describe the contract using an
off-chain resource.
The reference may or may not be mutable.
The interface complements `Locator` and `MultiHash` to generate locators
for how to resolve the reference.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
a3002595
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IMsg {
// Emitted when a new message digest has been set
// Should not be emitted if the digest set is identical to the previous
event Msg(bytes _msgDigest);
// Get the current message content hash
function getMsg() external view returns(bytes memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
### Registry
The Registry interface is a key-value store resolving well-known
contract identifier names to contract addresses.
It currently has two distinct uses in the CIC context:
1. Entry-point to discover all relevant contracts of CIC networks.
2. Unique (ERC20) token symbol resolver.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
effbf671
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IRegistryClient {
// Address added to store with the given key
event AddressKey(bytes32 indexed _key, address _address);
// Return the address of the contract identified by the given byte string
function addressOf(bytes32) external view returns (address);
// Indexed accessor for the full list of registred identifiers
function identifier(uint256) external view returns (bytes32);
// Number of registered interfaces
function identifierCount() external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Contract registry implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git>
#### Token index implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git>
### Seal
Some smart contract parameters may need to be mutable over part of a
smart contract’s lifetime.
This interface provides a method to explicitly signal when certain
parameters have been rendered immutable.
The value of `sealState()` *must not* decrease, and must not exceed
`maxSealState`.
`maxSealState` is used to define that *all mutable parameters* have been
rendered immutable. The practical implications of this will vary between
contracts.
The implementer is encouraged to use simple, descriptive names in the
source code to describe the applicable seal states.
Use cases of sealing include:
- Whether more tokens can be minted
- Allow ownership of a contract to be transferred
- The expiry time of a token (see `Expire`)
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
0d7491f8
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ISeal {
// Seal state has changed.
event SealStateChange(bool indexed _final, uint256 _sealState);
// The current seal state.
function sealState() external view returns(uint256);
// The numeric seal state in everything sealable has been sealed.
function maxSealState() external view returns(uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Throttle
An backend contract to limit access to a resource by time.
The smart contract managing the resource calls `have(address)` on this
contract to check if it can be made use of at the current point in time.
This also implements [ACL](#acl).
When the resource is made use of, it calls `poke(address)` method to
register when it has been made use of.
The `next(address)` method returns the timestamp from which the resource
may be used again by the given address. The implementer is permitted to
change the value at any time.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
242824a9
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IThrottle {
// Returns true if the given address is authorized to make use of the resource at the current moment.
// Implements ACL
function have(address _address) external view returns(bool);
// Returns the timestamp when the resource may next be used by the given address.
// A return value of 0 or a timestamp before the current timestamp indicates that the resource may used momentarily.
// A return value of max uint265 can be used to indicate that the resource may never be used again by the address.
function next(address _address) external returns(bool);
// Must be called when the resource is being used.
function poke(address _address) external returns(bool);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git> (PeriodSimple contract)
### TokenLimit
Define limits of value amounts of tokens that individual addresses can
hold.
Limits are inclusive; a limit for 42 means transfer resulting in a token
balance *higher* than 42 should be rejected.
A return value of 0 indicates that the token is categorically not
accepted by the holder.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
23778613
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenLimit {
// Returns limit of total value a holder will accept of a specific token.
// The value limit returned is inclusive; A limit of 42 means any operation resulting in a balance OVER 42 should be rejected.
// A value of 0 means that no value of the token is accepted.
function limitOf(address _token, address _holder) external view returns(uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git>
### TokenQuote
Quote an output token value for a given value of input tokens.
Both input and output value is denominated in the smallest available
unit of respective tokens.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
dbb21d40
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenQuote {
// Returns, within a current context, what value of outTokens the given value of inTokens translates to.
// The values are given in smallest unit of each respective token.
function valueFor(address _outToken, address _inToken, uint256 value) external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git>
### TokenRateChange
Enables detection of properties for CIC tokens that change value over
time, e.g. through demurrage.
It allows defining the granularity of the rate of change, aswell as a
frequency for which the rate of change is applied.
A method for canonical value change calculations is also provided.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b716af03
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenChangeRate {
// Time unit resolution for rate of change.
// A value of 0 indicates no rate of change,
function changeTimeUnit() external view returns(uint256);
// Rate of change per changeTimeUnit(), signed integer.
// An effective value of 0 indicates no rate of change.
function changeRate() external view returns (int256);
// Number of decimals with which the changeRate is defined.
// changeRate() should be divided by 10 ** changeRateDecimals() to obtain effective value
function changeRateDecimals() external view returns(uint8);
// Timestamp from when rate of change should be applied.
// A value of 0 indicates no rate of change,
function changeStartTime() external view returns(uint256);
// Calculate value with change rate applied for given amount of time units.
// Will calculate compounded change over the given amount of time units
function applyChange(int256 _value, uint256 _changeTimeUnits) external view returns(int256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### TokenSwap
Token swap interface that can fit token escrow purposes aswell as token
swap contracts.
Optionally may define a `defaultToken`, that may among other things be
used for `withdraw()` calls without an `inToken`.
An explicit *ERC20 approval* of the balance to be transacted will
usually be required for the implementing contract.
If the value 0 is passed as argument to `deposit` or `withdraw`,
implementers can choose one of two possible outcomes:
- Noop. 0 *must* be returned.
- Use *balance* or the max available *allowance*. The actual (spent)
value *must* be returned.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
4146b765
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenSwap {
// Emitted when a new deposit has been made.
event Deposit(address indexed _token, uint256 _value);
// Default token used to access the token swap.
// Returns zero-address if no default token is defined.
function defaultToken() external returns (address);
// Add inToken liquidity to the tune of given value.
// Requires token approval for the corresponding value.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval MAY be used for the transfer.
function deposit(address _inToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
// Withdraw pending outToken balance of given value in the pool for the sender.
// May require token approval for defaultToken if used by contract as exchange for the withdrawal.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval value MAY be used for the transfer.
function withdraw(address _outToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
// Exchange inToken equalling given value for outToken.
// Requires token approval for the value of inToken.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval value MAY be used for the transfer.
function withdraw(address _outToken, address _inToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-pool.git>
#### Handling deposits
The implementation is free to decide whether deposits can be recovered
directly, or if they will be locked in the smart contract - temporarily
or permanently.
For the duration deposits are locked, they are part of the smart
contract’s swap liquidity. During this time, locked deposits may only be
withdrawn in exchange for other tokens accepted by the contract.
Deposits that are not locked should be withdrawable using the
`withdraw(address,uint256)` (`0xf3fef3a3`) method signature.
Of course, as with most swap contracts, the tokens available for
withdrawal by the holder may not necessarily match the tokens that were
deposited by the holder.
### TokenVote
Execute elections with granular ERC20 token votes.
A proposal submitted for vote may or may not contain multiple options.
If multiple options are available, an ERC20 token holder may distribute
its vote among the options with the granularity of the token balance.
Voted tokens **SHOULD** be locked until the voting has finalized.
Finalization of voting should be callable by anyone.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
f2e0bfeb
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenVote {
// A new proposal has been created.
event ProposalAdded(uint256 indexed _blockDeadline, uint256 indexed voteTargetPpm, uint256 indexed _proposalIdx);
// A proposal vote has been completed.
// The proposal is identified by the serial number in _proposalIdx. It is up to the implementer to define how the proposal should be retrieved by index.
// The proposal result may be in one of three states:
// * Ratified (_cancelled == false, _insufficient == false)
// * Cancelled (_cancelled == true, _insufficient == false)
// * Not reached quorum (_cancelled == false, _insufficient == true)
event ProposalCompleted(uint256 indexed _proposalIdx, bool indexed _cancelled, bool indexed _insufficient, uint256 _totalVote);
// Propose a new vote.
// Voting is active until one of:
// * total cancel vote reach quorum (_targetVotePpm, ppm = parts-per-million).
// * _blockWait blocks from now.
function propose(bytes32 _description, uint256 _blockWait, uint24 _targetVotePpm) external returns (uint256);
// Add a voting option to a proposal
function addOption(uint256 _proposalIdx, bytes32 _description) external;
// Get number of options available for the proposal.
// This decides the boundary of the index that can be used with voteOptions(...)
// If the result is 0, vote(...) can be used aswell.
function optionCount(uint256 _proposalIdx) external view returns(uint256);
// Get proposal option. Assumes that proposal was created with proposeMulti(...)
function getOption(uint256 _proposalIdx, uint256 _optionIdx) external view returns (bytes32);
// Get vote count for the given option.
// If proposal has no options, it should be called with _optionIdx = 0
function voteCount(uint256 _proposalIdx, uint256 _optionIdx) external view returns(uint256);
// Vote on a proposal without options.
// Assumes that proposal was created with propose(...) and will fail otherwise.
function vote(uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Vote on a proposal option. Assumes that proposal was created with proposeMulti(...).
// Must work with a non-option proposal if _optionIndex is 0.
function voteOption(uint256 _optionIndex, uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Vote to cancel a proposal.
// If cancel has the majority:
// * A vote without options will have rejected the proposal description.
// * A vote with options will have rejected the proposal description as well as all option descriptions.
function voteCancel(uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Finalize the vote for a proposal.
// May be called if deadline has been passed, or if:
// * quorum has been reached with cancel votes.
// * quorum has been reached and proposal has no/only one option.
function finalize() external returns (bool);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/evm-tokenvote.git>
### Writer
A complement to ERC173, which allows definition of a class of
super-users for a contract.
A super-user address may perform *more* actions than a "normal" address,
aswell as *some* actions normally limited to the *contract owner*.
If an *contract owner* is defined, No super-user should be able to
perform actions that *contract owner* cannot perform.
Typically, only the *contract owner*, if it is defined, can add or
remove a super-user.
Some use-case examples of super-user actions include:
- Mint new tokens.
- Change the amount dispensed by the faucet.
- Edit access control lists.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
abe1f1f5
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IWriter {
// A writer has been added by _executor
event WriterAdded(address _writer);
// A writer has been removed by _executor
event WriterDeleted(address _writer);
// Add a new writer to the contract.
function addWriter(address _writer) external returns (bool);
// Remove existing writer from the contract.
function deleteWriter(address _writer) external returns (bool);
// Check whether the given address is a writer.
function isWriter(address _writer) external view returns (bool);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>

2
VERSION
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@ -1 +1 @@
0.2.0
0.0.5

0
cic/__init__.py
View File

41
cic/runnable/abilist.py
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@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
# standard imports
import json
import sys
# external imports
import sha3
def main():
f = open(sys.argv[1], 'r')
o = json.load(f)
f.close()
ks = []
r = {}
for v in o:
if v['type'] != "function":
continue
name = ''
try:
name = v['name']
except KeyError:
continue
args = []
for vv in v['inputs']:
args.append(vv['type'])
sig = '{}({})'.format(name, ','.join(args))
h = sha3.keccak_256()
h.update(sig.encode('utf-8'))
z = h.digest()
k = z[:4].hex()
#ks.append(k)
r[k] = sig
ks = list(r.keys())
ks.sort()
for k in ks:
print("{}\t{}".format(k, r[k]))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

34
cic/runnable/calculate_eip165.py
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@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
# standard imports
import logging
import sys
# external imports
import sha3
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARNING)
#logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG)
logg = logging.getLogger()
def main():
if __name__ == '__main__':
f = open(sys.argv[1], 'r')
z = b''
for i in range(32):
z += b'\x00'
while True:
l = f.readline().rstrip()
if l == '':
break
logg.debug('line {}'.format(l))
h = sha3.keccak_256()
h.update(l.encode('utf-8'))
r = h.digest()
z = bytes([a ^ b for a, b in zip(r, z)])
logg.debug('{} -> {}'.format(r.hex(), z.hex()))
f.close()
print(z[:4].hex())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

16
cic/runnable/mergeabis.py
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@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
# standard imports
import sys
import json
def main():
merged = []
for a in sys.argv[1:]:
f = open(a, 'r')
j = json.load(f)
f.close()
merged += j
print(json.dumps(merged))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

136
cic/runnable/reduce_to_methods.py
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@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
import sys
import logging
import ply.lex as lex
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARNING)
logg = logging.getLogger()
tokens = (
'NUMBER',
# 'PLUS',
# 'MINUS',
# 'TIMES',
# 'DIVIDE',
'LPAREN',
'RPAREN',
)
methods = {}
contract = False
method = None
typ = None
function = False
signature = False
# Define a rule so we can track line numbers
def t_newline(t):
r'\n+'
t.lexer.lineno += len(t.value)
def t_comment(t):
r'//.+'
pass
def t_item(t):
r';'
global function, signature, method, typ
signature = False
function = False
method = None
typ = None
def t_contract(t):
r'(interface|contract).+\{'
global contract
if contract:
raise SyntaxError('this meagre parser will only handle one interface/contract definition per file')
contract = True
def t_pragma(t):
r'pragma.+'
pass
def t_function(t):
r'function'
global function, contract
if not contract:
raise SyntaxError('functions must be within inteface/contract definitions')
function = True
def t_LPAREN(t):
r'\('
global function, signature
if not function:
return
signature = True
def t_RPAREN(t):
r'\)'
global signature
signature = None
def t_WORD(t):
r'([\w\d]+)'
global method, typ, signature
if typ and not signature:
return
if function and method == None:
method = t.value
methods[method] = []
elif typ == None and signature:
typ = t.value
methods[method].append(typ)
def t_COMMA(t):
r','
global typ
typ = None
# Error handling rule
def t_error(t):
print("Illegal character '%s'" % t.value[0])
t.lexer.skip(1)
# A string containing ignored characters (spaces and tabs)
t_ignore = ' \t}'
def main():
# Build the lexer
lexer = lex.lex()
# Tokenize
f = open(sys.argv[1], 'r')
while True:
l = f.readline()
if not l:
break
lexer.input(l)
tok = lexer.token()
logg.debug('token {}'.format(tok))
for k in methods.keys():
print('{}({})'.format(k, ','.join(methods[k])))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

2
doc/texinfo/Makefile
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@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
all:
makeinfo --html index.texi
readme:
makeinfo --docbook --no-split -o build/docbook.xml index.texi

42
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@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
@subsection Accounts Index
Append-only list of addresses. Typically used for access control lists.
Addresses may be @emph{added}, @emph{removed}, aswell as @emph{deactivated} and @emph{activated}. Deactivated accounts still count towards the @code{entryCount}.
The @code{entry} method is used to iterate the account list. The order of which accounts are returned is not guaranteed. Any returned value matching @code{address(0x00)} should be skipped, and not counted towards @code{entryCount}.
May optionally record time when account was added.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/AccountsIndex.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_AccountsIndex.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git,} (v0.5.1)
@subsection Accounts Index Mutable
Extends the functionality of @code{Accounts Index} to allow changes to the address list.
Addresses may be @emph{added}, @emph{removed}, aswell as @emph{deactivated} and @emph{activated}. Deactivated accounts still count towards the @code{entryCount}.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/AccountsIndexMutable.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_AccountsIndexMutable.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git,} (v0.5.1)

18
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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
@anchor{acl}
@subsection ACL
A simple Access Control List definition that returns true of false depending on whether an signatory (address) is allowed to operate in a given context.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/ACL.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_ACL.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git,}

17
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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
@subsection Burner
Attached to @code{ERC20} and @code{ERC721} tokens that may be @emph{burned}.
Implements the @code{burn(...)} part of @code{ERC5679} for interoperability.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Burner.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Burner.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git}

18
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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
@subsection Chrono
Define a creation time for a resource.
Complements @code{ERC5007}.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Chrono.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Chrono.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.defalsify.org/eth-erc721} (BadgeToken contract)

23
doc/texinfo/declarator.sol.texi
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@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
@subsection Declarator
Permissionless store of signed claims made by an address about other addresses, or addresses about themselves.
It is used to declare or respond to certifications of vouchers, NFT, voucher members.
Addresses may be Externally Owned Accounts or smart contracts.
Claims may be made with or without topics. A missing topic is synonymous with a topic value of @code{bytes32(0x00)}.
Any number of claims can be made about an address under any number of topics. All claims must be stored, and returned in the order which they were added.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Declarator.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Declarator.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-address-index.git,}

20
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@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
@subsection Digest
Allows encoding of digests according to a specific encoding scheme.
Primary use-case is the abstraction of self-describing @uref{https://multiformats.io/multihash/,Multhash} encoding.
A default encoding @emph{must} always be defined, and the encoding of a valid digest @emph{must} succeed with the default encoding.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Digest.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Digest.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git}

18
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@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
@subsection Expire
Defines an expiry time after which token balances and supply @emph{cannot change}.
A contract defining an expiry @emph{must not} allow changing the expiration time to a time in the past.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Expire.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Expire.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git}

42
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@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
@subsection Faucet
Used for dispensing tokens to any address.
It can be used for gas tokens and @emph{ERC20} alike.
The interface is the same whether the faucet is dispensing from existing balance or minting new tokens.
The value dispersed @emph{must} be the same for all addresses.
In general, four criteria are expected to exist in any combination for limiting access to the faucet:
@table @dfn
@item Time
A recipient may only use the faucet again after some time has passed.
@item Balance threshold
A recipient may only use the faucet after its balance is below a certain amount.
@item Membership
A recipient may only use the faucet if it has been added to an access control list.
@item Capacity
The contract has sufficient token funds to dispense the current defined amount to dispense.
@end table
The @emph{check(address)} contract call @emph{must} evaluate all four criteria, and @emph{must} return @code{false} if any of the criteria are not met.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Faucet.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Faucet.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-faucet.git,}
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git,}
@end itemize

78
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.8, https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 6.7, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Smart contract interfaces (Untitled Document)</title>
@ -10,16 +10,14 @@
<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
<meta name="distribution" content="global">
<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<link href="#Smart-contract-interfaces" rel="start" title="Smart contract interfaces">
<style type="text/css">
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a.copiable-anchor {visibility: hidden; text-decoration: none; line-height: 0em}
a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
blockquote.indentedblock {margin-right: 0em}
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div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
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span.nolinebreak {white-space: nowrap}
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span:hover a.copiable-anchor {visibility: visible}
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-->
</style>
@ -37,77 +34,45 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
</head>
<body lang="en">
<div class="chapter" id="Smart-contract-interfaces">
<span id="Smart-contract-interfaces-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">1 Smart contract interfaces</h2>
<span id="Smart-contract-interfaces"></span><span id="Smart-contract-interfaces-1"></span><h2 class="chapter">1 Smart contract interfaces</h2>
<ul class="section-toc">
<li><a href="#Smart-Contracts-in-the-CIC-Network" accesskey="1">Smart Contracts in the CIC Network</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="section" id="Smart-Contracts-in-the-CIC-Network">
<h3 class="section">1.1 Smart Contracts in the CIC Network</h3>
<span id="Smart-Contracts-in-the-CIC-Network"></span><h3 class="section">1.1 Smart Contracts in the CIC Network</h3>
<ul class="section-toc">
<li><a href="#Technology" accesskey="1">Technology</a></li>
<li><a href="#The-registry-contract" accesskey="2">The registry contract</a></li>
<li><a href="#Auxiliary-contracts" accesskey="3">Auxiliary contracts</a></li>
<li><a href="#Contract-interfaces" accesskey="4">Contract interfaces</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="subsection" id="Technology">
<h4 class="subsection">1.1.1 Technology</h4>
<span id="Technology"></span><h4 class="subsection">1.1.1 Technology</h4>
<p>The long-term aim of the CIC network is to be agnostic of consensus engines. However, since we have to start <em>somewhere</em>, the current state of development only deals with Smart Contracts on the (Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="The-registry-contract">
<h4 class="subsection">1.1.2 The registry contract</h4>
<span id="The-registry-contract"></span><h4 class="subsection">1.1.2 The registry contract</h4>
<p>The CICRegistry contract defines the entry-point to the entire CIC network. All other CIC network resources can be discovered through this contract.
</p>
<p>Its implementation is contained in the <samp>cic-registry</samp> repository. Details about it are documented further in that section.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="Auxiliary-contracts">
<h4 class="subsection">1.1.3 Auxiliary contracts</h4>
<span id="Auxiliary-contracts"></span><h4 class="subsection">1.1.3 Auxiliary contracts</h4>
<p>All other Smart Contracts in the network other than CICRegistry are essentially optional, and each applies <em>at least one</em> the interfaces defined in the <code>cic-contracts</code> repository.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsection" id="Contract-interfaces">
<h4 class="subsection">1.1.4 Contract interfaces</h4>
<span id="Contract-interfaces"></span><h4 class="subsection">1.1.4 Contract interfaces</h4>
<p>All contracts interfaces also implement the <strong>EIP165</strong> Standard Interface Detection.
</p>
<ul class="section-toc">
<li><a href="#Registry" accesskey="1">Registry</a></li>
<li><a href="#Registry-Client" accesskey="2">Registry Client</a></li>
<li><a href="#Faucet" accesskey="3">Faucet</a></li>
<li><a href="#Transfer-approval" accesskey="4">Transfer approval</a></li>
<li><a href="#Declarator" accesskey="5">Declarator</a></li>
<li><a href="#Address-Index" accesskey="6">Address Index</a></li>
<li><a href="#DEX-Index" accesskey="7">DEX Index</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Registry">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.1 Registry</h4>
<span id="Registry"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.1 Registry</h4>
<p>A key-value store, which resolves arbitrary 32-byte pointers to Ethereum addresses. Typically, this is used to resolve an address from a well-known identifier, either as a UTF-8 value or a 256-bit hash.
</p>
<p>It also provides numerical index access to all registered values in order of insertion.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Registry-Client">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.2 Registry Client</h4>
<span id="Registry-Client"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.2 Registry Client</h4>
<p>A subset of the <code>Registry</code> interface, which defines only the non-transactional methods of the contract. The <code>Registry Client</code> interface is implemented by the <code>CICRegistry</code> contract.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Faucet">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.3 Faucet</h4>
<span id="Faucet"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.3 Faucet</h4>
<p>Enables disbursement of a set amount of tokens to a requesting address.
</p>
@ -116,9 +81,7 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
<p>Can be implemented as a periodic or a one-time service per account.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Transfer-approval">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.4 Transfer approval</h4>
<span id="Transfer-approval"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.4 Transfer approval</h4>
<p>Enables a third-party approval to spend an ERC20 token allowance.
</p>
@ -127,9 +90,7 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
<p>The contract allows the third-party address to either allow or reject the transfer.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Declarator">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.5 Declarator</h4>
<span id="Declarator"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.5 Declarator</h4>
<p>Stores one or more 32-byte entries as a description of an Ethereum address, <em>signed</em> by another Ethereum address.
</p>
@ -140,22 +101,15 @@ ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
<p>Entries typically are text strings or content hashes.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="Address-Index">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.6 Address Index</h4>
<span id="Address-Index"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.6 Address Index</h4>
<p>A simple append-only list of addresses. Used to check whether an address is part of a particular group.
</p>
</div>
<div class="subsubsection" id="DEX-Index">
<h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.7 DEX Index</h4>
<span id="DEX-Index"></span><h4 class="subsubsection">1.1.4.7 DEX Index</h4>
<p>Methods required to convert between tokens.
</p><hr></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</p><hr>

63
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@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
@subsection Locator
This interface supports @code{ERC721 Metadata}, in particular the @code{tokenURI(uint256)} call.
Off-chain resources in the CIC network @emph{must} be defined in terms of content addressed strings.
It @emph{must} be possible to refer to all off-chain resources directly by the content address.
Furthermore, it @emph{should} be possible to refer to a resource by a fully-qualified location on the web or an overlay network (e.g. tor).
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Locator.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Locator.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git}
@subsubsection Expressing locators in terms of numeric token id
Given the numeric token id @code{1234567890987654321} (@code{0x112210f4b16c1cb1} hex), and a base url @code{https://contentgateway.grassecon.net}, the result of the methods may be as follows:
@table @code
@item toURI(toHex(1234567890987654321))
-> @code{https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1}
@item toURL(toHex(1234567890987654321))
-> @code{https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1}
@item tokenURI(1234567890987654321)
-> @code{https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1}
@end table
@subsubsection Expressing locators in terms of a digest
Given the data @code{foo}, the digest algorithm @code{sha256} and a base url @code{https://contentgateway.grassecon.net}, the result of the methods may be as follows:
@table @code
@item toURI(sha256(foo))
-> @code{"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"}
@item toURL(sha256(foo))
-> @code{"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"}
@item tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))
-> @code{"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"}
@end table
@subsubsection Locator without URL
Given the data @code{foo}, the digest algorithm @code{sha256} and no base url, the result of the methods may be as follows:
@table @code
@item toURI(sha256(foo))
-> @code{"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"}
@item toURL(sha256(foo))
-> @code{""}
@item tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))
-> @code{"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"}
@end table

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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
@subsection Minter
Attached to @code{ERC20} and @code{ERC721} tokens that may be minted.
Implements the @code{mint(...)} and @code{safeMint(...)} parts of @code{ERC5679} for interoperability.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Minter.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Minter.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git}

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@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
@subsection Msg
Enables a reference "message" to describe the contract using an off-chain resource.
The reference may or may not be mutable.
The interface complements @code{Locator} and @code{MultiHash} to generate locators for how to resolve the reference.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Msg.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Msg.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git}

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@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
@subsection Auxiliary contracts
All other Smart Contracts in the network other than CICRegistry are essentially optional, and each applies @emph{at least one} the interfaces defined in the @code{cic-contracts} repository.
@subsection Contract interfaces
All contracts interfaces also implement the @strong{EIP165} Standard Interface Detection.
@subsubsection Registry
A key-value store, which resolves arbitrary 32-byte pointers to Ethereum addresses. Typically, this is used to resolve an address from a well-known identifier, either as a UTF-8 value or a 256-bit hash.
It also provides numerical index access to all registered values in order of insertion.
@subsubsection Registry Client
A subset of the @code{Registry} interface, which defines only the non-transactional methods of the contract. The @code{Registry Client} interface is implemented by the @code{CICRegistry} contract.
@subsubsection Faucet
Enables disbursement of a set amount of tokens to a requesting address.
Allows privileged accounts to adjust the amount of tokens to disburse.
Can be implemented as a periodic or a one-time service per account.
@subsubsection Transfer approval
Enables a third-party approval to spend an ERC20 token allowance.
This is useful in the case of a custodial key store, where a transaction has been initiated by another entity than the owner of the key.
The contract allows the third-party address to either allow or reject the transfer.
@subsubsection Declarator
Stores one or more 32-byte entries as a description of an Ethereum address, @emph{signed} by another Ethereum address.
This can be used to @emph{describe} network resources, be it tokens, contracts or user accounts. Examples of uses are KYC documentation proofs for users, token metadata used for display, or fraud alerts.
Entries are stored by the transacting address that adds address/description pairs. In other words, any address may have different "opinions" registered about it, depending on which signing address it is queried in the context of. This, in turn, allows the quering entity to compile its own "opinion" of an address by combining data from signatures it trusts.
Entries typically are text strings or content hashes.
@subsubsection Address Index
A simple append-only list of addresses. Used to check whether an address is part of a particular group.
@subsubsection DEX Index
Methods required to convert between tokens.

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@chapter Smart contract interfaces
@section Smart Contracts in the CIC Network
@section Technology
@subsection Technology
CIC smart contracts are implemented using the @emph{solidity} programming language for the (Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
The long-term aim of the CIC network is to be agnostic of consensus engines. However, since we have to start @emph{somewhere}, the current state of development only deals with Smart Contracts on the (Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
@section Adopted standards
@subsection The registry contract
@subsection Signing
The CICRegistry contract defines the entry-point to the entire CIC network. All other CIC network resources can be discovered through this contract.
Its implementation is contained in the @file{cic-registry} repository. Details about it are documented further in that section.
@subsection Auxiliary contracts
All other Smart Contracts in the network other than CICRegistry are essentially optional, and each applies @emph{at least one} the interfaces defined in the @code{cic-contracts} repository.
@subsection ERC - Direct use
@subsection Contract interfaces
The following well-known solidity interfaces are used directly.
All contracts interfaces also implement the @strong{EIP165} Standard Interface Detection.
@itemize @bullet
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-20, ERC20 - Token Standard}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165, ERC165 - Standard Interface Detection}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-173, ERC173 - Contract Ownership Standard}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191, ERC191 - Signed Data Standard}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712, ERC712 - Typed structured data hashing and signing}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721, ERC721 - Non-Fungible Token Standard}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5007, ERC5007 - Time NFT (EIP-721 Time Extension)}
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5192, ERC5192 - Minimal Soulbound NFTs}
@end itemize
@subsubsection Registry
A key-value store, which resolves arbitrary 32-byte pointers to Ethereum addresses. Typically, this is used to resolve an address from a well-known identifier, either as a UTF-8 value or a 256-bit hash.
It also provides numerical index access to all registered values in order of insertion.
@subsection ERCs Partial use
@subsubsection Registry Client
The following well-known solidity interfaces are partially implemented in CIC native interfaces.
@itemize @dfn
@item
@uref{https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5679, ERC5679 - Token Minting and Burning} (See @code{Minter}, @code{Burner})
@end itemize
A subset of the @code{Registry} interface, which defines only the non-transactional methods of the contract. The @code{Registry Client} interface is implemented by the @code{CICRegistry} contract.
@section Native interfaces
@subsubsection Faucet
@include acl.sol.texi
Enables disbursement of a set amount of tokens to a requesting address.
@include accountsindex.sol.texi
Allows privileged accounts to adjust the amount of tokens to disburse.
@include burner.sol.texi
Can be implemented as a periodic or a one-time service per account.
@include chrono.sol.texi
@include declarator.sol.texi
@subsubsection Transfer approval
@include digest.sol.texi
Enables a third-party approval to spend an ERC20 token allowance.
@include expire.sol.texi
This is useful in the case of a custodial key store, where a transaction has been initiated by another entity than the owner of the key.
@include faucet.sol.texi
The contract allows the third-party address to either allow or reject the transfer.
@include locator.sol.texi
@include minter.sol.texi
@subsubsection Declarator
@include msg.sol.texi
Stores one or more 32-byte entries as a description of an Ethereum address, @emph{signed} by another Ethereum address.
@include registry.sol.texi
This can be used to @emph{describe} network resources, be it tokens, contracts or user accounts. Examples of uses are KYC documentation proofs for users, token metadata used for display, or fraud alerts.
@include seal.sol.texi
Entries are stored by the transacting address that adds address/description pairs. In other words, any address may have different "opinions" registered about it, depending on which signing address it is queried in the context of. This, in turn, allows the quering entity to compile its own "opinion" of an address by combining data from signatures it trusts.
@include throttle.sol.texi
Entries typically are text strings or content hashes.
@include tokenlimit.sol.texi
@include tokenquote.sol.texi
@subsubsection Address Index
@include tokenratechange.sol.texi
A simple append-only list of addresses. Used to check whether an address is part of a particular group.
@include tokenswap.sol.texi
@include tokenvote.sol.texi
@subsubsection DEX Index
@include writer.sol.texi
Methods required to convert between tokens.

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@subsection Registry
The Registry interface is a key-value store resolving well-known contract identifier names to contract addresses.
It currently has two distinct uses in the CIC context:
@enumerate
@item
Entry-point to discover all relevant contracts of CIC networks.
@item
Unique (ERC20) token symbol resolver.
@end enumerate
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/RegistryClient.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_RegistryClient.texi
@subsubsection Contract registry implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git,}
@subsubsection Token index implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git,}

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@subsection Seal
Some smart contract parameters may need to be mutable over part of a smart contract's lifetime.
This interface provides a method to explicitly signal when certain parameters have been rendered immutable.
The value of @code{sealState()} @emph{must not} decrease, and must not exceed @code{maxSealState}.
@code{maxSealState} is used to define that @emph{all mutable parameters} have been rendered immutable. The practical implications of this will vary between contracts.
The implementer is encouraged to use simple, descriptive names in the source code to describe the applicable seal states.
Use cases of sealing include:
@itemize
@item
Whether more tokens can be minted
@item
Allow ownership of a contract to be transferred
@item
The expiry time of a token (see @code{Expire})
@end itemize
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Seal.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Seal.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git}

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@subsection Throttle
An backend contract to limit access to a resource by time.
The smart contract managing the resource calls @code{have(address)} on this contract to check if it can be made use of at the current point in time. This also implements @ref{acl, ACL}.
When the resource is made use of, it calls @code{poke(address)} method to register when it has been made use of.
The @code{next(address)} method returns the timestamp from which the resource may be used again by the given address. The implementer is permitted to change the value at any time.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Throttle.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Throttle.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementation
@uref{git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git,} (PeriodSimple contract)

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@subsection TokenLimit
Define limits of value amounts of tokens that individual addresses can hold.
Limits are inclusive; a limit for 42 means transfer resulting in a token balance @emph{higher} than 42 should be rejected.
A return value of 0 indicates that the token is categorically not accepted by the holder.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenLimit.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenLimit.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git,}
@end itemize

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@subsection TokenQuote
Quote an output token value for a given value of input tokens.
Both input and output value is denominated in the smallest available unit of respective tokens.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenQuote.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenQuote.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git,}
@end itemize

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@subsection TokenRateChange
Enables detection of properties for CIC tokens that change value over time, e.g. through demurrage.
It allows defining the granularity of the rate of change, aswell as a frequency for which the rate of change is applied.
A method for canonical value change calculations is also provided.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenRateChange.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenRateChange.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-demurrage-token.git,}
@end itemize

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@subsection TokenSwap
Token swap interface that can fit token escrow purposes aswell as token swap contracts.
Optionally may define a @code{defaultToken}, that may among other things be used for @code{withdraw()} calls without an @code{inToken}.
An explicit @emph{ERC20 approval} of the balance to be transacted will usually be required for the implementing contract.
If the value 0 is passed as argument to @code{deposit} or @code{withdraw}, implementers can choose one of two possible outcomes:
@itemize
@item Noop. 0 @emph{must} be returned.
@item Use @emph{balance} or the max available @emph{allowance}. The actual (spent) value @emph{must} be returned.
@end itemize
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenSwap.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenSwap.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-pool.git,}
@end itemize
@subsubsection Handling deposits
The implementation is free to decide whether deposits can be recovered directly, or if they will be locked in the smart contract - temporarily or permanently.
For the duration deposits are locked, they are part of the smart contract's swap liquidity. During this time, locked deposits may only be withdrawn in exchange for other tokens accepted by the contract.
Deposits that are not locked should be withdrawable using the @code{withdraw(address,uint256)} (@code{0xf3fef3a3}) method signature.
Of course, as with most swap contracts, the tokens available for withdrawal by the holder may not necessarily match the tokens that were deposited by the holder.

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@subsection TokenVend
This interface defines the mechanism for which a specific ERC20 token may be exchanged for a different ERC20 token.
A typical use-case is generation of voting tokens based on a momentary voucher balance. This is especially useful if the original ERC20 token is subject to decay (demurrage).
The tokens used for exchange @strong{SHOULD} be locked for the full duration of holding the vended tokens.
The withdrawal function may or may not allow partial withdrawals.
@table @dfn
@item ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenVend.interface
@item Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenVend.texi
@item Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/erc20-vend.git,}
@end itemize
@end table

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@anchor{token_vote}
@subsection TokenVote
Execute elections with granular ERC20 token votes.
A proposal submitted for vote may or may not contain multiple options. If multiple options are available, an ERC20 token holder may distribute its vote among the options with the granularity of the token balance.
Voted tokens @strong{SHOULD} be locked until the voting has finalized.
Finalization of voting should be callable by anyone.
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/TokenVote.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_TokenVote.texi
@subsubsection Reference implementations
@itemize
@item
@uref{git://holbrook.no/evm-tokenvote.git,}
@end itemize

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@subsection Writer
A complement to ERC173, which allows definition of a class of super-users for a contract.
A super-user address may perform @emph{more} actions than a "normal" address, aswell as @emph{some} actions normally limited to the @emph{contract owner}.
If an @emph{contract owner} is defined, No super-user should be able to perform actions that @emph{contract owner} cannot perform.
Typically, only the @emph{contract owner}, if it is defined, can add or remove a super-user.
Some use-case examples of super-user actions include:
@itemize
@item
Mint new tokens.
@item
Change the amount dispensed by the faucet.
@item
Edit access control lists.
@end itemize
@subsubsection ERC165 Interface identifier
@include ../../build/Writer.interface
@subsubsection Solidity interface definition
@include ../../build/contract_Writer.texi
@subsubsection Example implementation
@uref{https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git}

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include *requirements.txt solidity/* LICENSE README* cic_contracts/unittest/solidity/* cic_contracts/data/*

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INPUTS = $(wildcard cic_contracts/unittest/solidity/*.sol)
OUTPUTS = $(patsubst %.sol, %.bin, $(INPUTS))
all: outs package
.SUFFIXES: .sol .bin
solidity:
.sol.bin:
solc $(basename $@).sol --evm-version=byzantium --bin | awk 'NR>3' > $@
truncate -s -1 $@
outs: $(OUTPUTS)
package:
python setup.py sdist

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# Smart contract interfaces
## Technology
CIC smart contracts are implemented using the *solidity* programming
language for the (Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).
## Adopted standards
### Signing
### ERC - Direct use
The following well-known solidity interfaces are used directly.
- [ERC20 - Token Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-20)
- [ERC165 - Standard Interface
Detection](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165)
- [ERC173 - Contract Ownership
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-173)
- [ERC191 - Signed Data
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-191)
- [ERC712 - Typed structured data hashing and
signing](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-712)
- [ERC721 - Non-Fungible Token
Standard](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721)
- [ERC5007 - Time NFT (EIP-721 Time
Extension)](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5007)
- [ERC5192 - Minimal Soulbound
NFTs](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5192)
### ERCs Partial use
The following well-known solidity interfaces are partially implemented
in CIC native interfaces.
- [ERC5679 - Token Minting and
Burning](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5679) (See `Minter`,
`Burner`)
## Native interfaces
### ACL
A simple Access Control List definition that returns true of false
depending on whether an signatory (address) is allowed to operate in a
given context.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
3ef25013
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IACL {
// Returns true if the address has permission to operate in the given context.
function have(address _address) external view returns(bool);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git>
### Accounts Index
Append-only list of addresses. Typically used for access control lists.
Addresses may be *added*, *removed*, aswell as *deactivated* and
*activated*. Deactivated accounts still count towards the `entryCount`.
The `entry` method is used to iterate the account list. The order of
which accounts are returned is not guaranteed. Any returned value
matching `address(0x00)` should be skipped, and not counted towards
`entryCount`.
May optionally record time when account was added.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b7bca625
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IAccountsIndex {
// Address added to store, index in array.
event AddressAdded(uint256 indexed _idx, address _account);
// Return number of entries in index.
function entryCount() external view returns (uint256);
// Return entry at the spceificed index.
// Will revert if index is beyond array length.
// An entry result of 0 means the entry should be skipped, and not count towards entry count.
function entry(uint256) external view returns (address);
// Add an entry to the index. Incresases the entry count.
function add(address) external returns (bool);
// Verify that the entry exists in the index.
// Implements ACL
function have(address) external view returns (bool);
// Retrieve the timestamp when account was added.
// If time is not being tracked, a value of 0 should be returned.
function time(address) external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git> (v0.5.1)
### Accounts Index Mutable
Extends the functionality of `Accounts Index` to allow changes to the
address list.
Addresses may be *added*, *removed*, aswell as *deactivated* and
*activated*. Deactivated accounts still count towards the `entryCount`.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
9479f0ae
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IAccountsIndexMutable {
// Active status of address changed, and by whom changed.
event AddressActive(address indexed _account, bool _active);
// Address removed from store, and by whom removed.
event AddressRemoved(address _account);
// Remove an entry from the index. Reduces the entry count.
function remove(address) external returns (bool);
// Deactivate account but keep in index. Does not affect entry count.
function deactivate(address) external returns (bool);
// Activate previously deactivated account. Does not affect entry count.
function activate(address) external returns (bool);
// Check if account exists and is active;
function isActive(address) external view returns (bool);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-accounts-index.git> (v0.5.1)
### Burner
Attached to `ERC20` and `ERC721` tokens that may be *burned*.
Implements the `burn(...)` part of `ERC5679` for interoperability.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b1110c1b
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IBurner {
// Token(s) successfully burned; by who and how much.
event Burn(address indexed _burner, uint256 _burned);
// Satisfies ERC 5679
function burn(address _from, uint256 _amount, bytes calldata _data) external;
// Burn given amount of tokens held by signer.
function burn(uint256 _amount) external returns (bool);
// Burn all tokens held by signer.
// Returns the amount of tokens burned.
function burn() external returns (uint256);
// Total amount of tokens that have been burned.
function totalBurned() external returns (uint256);
// Total amount of tokens ever minted.
// If totalSupply() is available (ERC20, ERC721 Enumerable), this equals totalSupply() + totalBurned().
function totalMinted() external returns (uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Chrono
Define a creation time for a resource.
Complements `ERC5007`.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
4db1ccd4
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IChrono {
// Returns the timestamp of when a resource corresponding to _idx was first created.
// int64 chosen as return value for simpler interoperability with ERC5007.
function createTime(uint256 _idx) external returns(int64);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.defalsify.org/eth-erc721> (BadgeToken contract)
### Declarator
Permissionless store of signed claims made by an address about other
addresses, or addresses about themselves.
It is used to declare or respond to certifications of vouchers, NFT,
voucher members.
Addresses may be Externally Owned Accounts or smart contracts.
Claims may be made with or without topics. A missing topic is synonymous
with a topic value of `bytes32(0x00)`.
Any number of claims can be made about an address under any number of
topics. All claims must be stored, and returned in the order which they
were added.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
21b7493b
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IDeclarator {
event DeclarationAdded(address indexed _declarator, address indexed _subject, bytes32 indexed _topic, bytes32 _proof);
// Get all declarations for a subject (without topic) signed by a declarator
function declaration(address _declarator, address _subject) external view returns ( bytes32[] memory );
// Get all declarations for a subject for the given topic signed by a declarator
function declaration(address _declarator, address _subject, bytes32 _topic) external view returns ( bytes32[] memory );
// Get number of declarations the declarator has ever signed
function declarationCount(address _declarator) external view returns ( uint256 );
// Get the subject of a declarator's declarations at the specific index
function declarationAddressAt(address _declarator, uint256 _idx) external view returns ( address );
// Add a declaration for the subject
function addDeclaration(address _subject, bytes32 _proof) external returns ( bool );
// Add a declaration with topic for the subject
function addDeclaration(address _subject, bytes32 _proof, bytes32 _topic) external returns ( bool );
// Get the declarator that signed a declaration at the specificed index for a subject
function declaratorAddressAt(address _subject, uint256 _idx) external view returns ( address );
// Get the number of declarators that have signed for a subject
function declaratorCount(address _subject) external view returns ( uint256 );
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-address-index.git>
### Digest
Allows encoding of digests according to a specific encoding scheme.
Primary use-case is the abstraction of self-describing
[Multhash](https://multiformats.io/multihash/) encoding.
A default encoding *must* always be defined, and the encoding of a valid
digest *must* succeed with the default encoding.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
982ab05d
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IDigest {
// Returns the default digest encoding used by the contract instance.
function defaultDigestEncoding() external view returns (uint256 _encoding);
// Check if the given encoding has been implemented in the contract instance.
function haveDigestEncoding(uint256 _codec) external view returns(bool);
// Verify and encode the given digest for a specific hashing algorithm.
// Returns a zero-length byte array if digest is invalid.
// Must succeed if called with the defaultDigestEncoding and a valid digest.
function encodeDigest(bytes memory _data, uint256 _encoding) external view returns (bytes memory);
// Encodes the digest using the default digest encoding.
// Returns a zero-length byte array if digest is invalid.
// Must succeed with a valid digest.
function encodeDigest(bytes memory _data) external view returns (bytes memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
### Expire
Defines an expiry time after which token balances and supply *cannot
change*.
A contract defining an expiry *must not* allow changing the expiration
time to a time in the past.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
841a0e94
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IExpire {
// Contract has expired.
event Expired(uint256 _timestamp);
// Expiry time has changed.
event ExpiryChange(uint256 indexed _oldTimestamp, uint256 _newTimestamp);
// The current expiration timestamp.
function expires() external returns (uint256);
// Check expiry and apply expiration if expired.
// Return values must be:
// 0: not yet expired.
// 1: already expired.
// >1: expiry executed.
function applyExpiry() external returns(uint8);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Faucet
Used for dispensing tokens to any address.
It can be used for gas tokens and *ERC20* alike.
The interface is the same whether the faucet is dispensing from existing
balance or minting new tokens.
The value dispersed *must* be the same for all addresses.
In general, four criteria are expected to exist in any combination for
limiting access to the faucet:
Time
A recipient may only use the faucet again after some time has passed.
Balance threshold
A recipient may only use the faucet after its balance is below a certain
amount.
Membership
A recipient may only use the faucet if it has been added to an access
control list.
Capacity
The contract has sufficient token funds to dispense the current defined
amount to dispense.
The *check(address)* contract call *must* evaluate all four criteria,
and *must* return `false` if any of the criteria are not met.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
1a3ac634
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IFaucet {
// Tokens were given to an address
event Give(address indexed _recipient, address indexed _token, uint256 _value);
// The amount that the faucet disperses has changed
event FaucetAmountChange(uint256 _value);
// Address of token the faucet represents
// The faucet will return gas tokens with the zero-address is returned.
function token() external returns (address);
// Amount of tokens the faucet gives out
function tokenAmount() external returns (uint256);
// Give tokens to the given recipient. Returns amount of tokens given.
function giveTo(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
// Give tokens to yourself. Returns amount of tokens given.
function gimme() external returns (uint256);
// Check if faucet may be used in the current contract state by _recipient
function check(address _recipient) external view returns (bool);
// Returns timestamp when faucet may be used again by _recipient
// If 0 is returned, the address has not yet been used.
// A return value of max(uint256) indicates that the faucet may not be used again.
function nextTime(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
// Returns the token balance under which faucet may be used again by _recipient
// A return value of max(uint256) indicates that the faucet may be used regardless
// of the token balance of _recipient
function nextBalance(address _recipient) external returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-faucet.git>
- <git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git>
### Locator
This interface supports `ERC721 Metadata`, in particular the
`tokenURI(uint256)` call.
Off-chain resources in the CIC network *must* be defined in terms of
content addressed strings.
It *must* be possible to refer to all off-chain resources directly by
the content address.
Furthermore, it *should* be possible to refer to a resource by a
fully-qualified location on the web or an overlay network (e.g. tor).
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
ed75b333
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ILocator {
// URI that may or may not point to a specific resource location.
function toURI(bytes memory _data) external view returns (string memory);
// URL pointing to a specific resource location.
function toURL(bytes memory _data) external view returns(string memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
#### Expressing locators in terms of numeric token id
Given the numeric token id `1234567890987654321` (`0x112210f4b16c1cb1`
hex), and a base url `https://contentgateway.grassecon.net`, the result
of the methods may be as follows:
`toURI(toHex(1234567890987654321))`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
`toURL(toHex(1234567890987654321))`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
`tokenURI(1234567890987654321)`
-\>
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000112210f4b16c1cb1`
#### Expressing locators in terms of a digest
Given the data `foo`, the digest algorithm `sha256` and a base url
`https://contentgateway.grassecon.net`, the result of the methods may be
as follows:
`toURI(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`toURL(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))`
-\>
`"https://contentgateway.grassecon.net/2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
#### Locator without URL
Given the data `foo`, the digest algorithm `sha256` and no base url, the
result of the methods may be as follows:
`toURI(sha256(foo))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
`toURL(sha256(foo))`
-\> `""`
`tokenURI(toUint(sha256(foo)))`
-\>
`"sha256:2c26b46b68ffc68ff99b453c1d30413413422d706483bfa0f98a5e886266e7ae"`
### Minter
Attached to `ERC20` and `ERC721` tokens that may be minted.
Implements the `mint(...)` and `safeMint(...)` parts of `ERC5679` for
interoperability.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
5878bcf4
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IMinter {
// Tokens are successfully minted; by who, to whom and how much
event Mint(address indexed _minter, address indexed _beneficiary, uint256 value);
// The given token has been successfully minted; by who, to whom and how much
event Mint(address indexed _minter, address indexed _beneficiary, address indexed _token, uint256 value);
// Mint the specified value of tokens to the specified recipient
function mintTo(address _beneficiary, uint256 value) external returns (bool);
// Satisfies ERC5679 for ERC20
function mint(address _beneficiary, uint256 value, bytes calldata _data) external;
// Satisfies ERC5679 for ERC721
function safeMint(address _beneficiary, uint256 value, bytes calldata _data) external;
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Msg
Enables a reference "message" to describe the contract using an
off-chain resource.
The reference may or may not be mutable.
The interface complements `Locator` and `MultiHash` to generate locators
for how to resolve the reference.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
a3002595
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IMsg {
// Emitted when a new message digest has been set
// Should not be emitted if the digest set is identical to the previous
event Msg(bytes _msgDigest);
// Get the current message content hash
function getMsg() external view returns(bytes memory);
}
#### Example implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-event-msg.git>
### Registry
The Registry interface is a key-value store resolving well-known
contract identifier names to contract addresses.
It currently has two distinct uses in the CIC context:
1. Entry-point to discover all relevant contracts of CIC networks.
2. Unique (ERC20) token symbol resolver.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
effbf671
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IRegistryClient {
// Address added to store with the given key
event AddressKey(bytes32 indexed _key, address _address);
// Return the address of the contract identified by the given byte string
function addressOf(bytes32) external view returns (address);
// Indexed accessor for the full list of registred identifiers
function identifier(uint256) external view returns (bytes32);
// Number of registered interfaces
function identifierCount() external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Contract registry implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git>
#### Token index implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-contract-registry.git>
### Seal
Some smart contract parameters may need to be mutable over part of a
smart contract’s lifetime.
This interface provides a method to explicitly signal when certain
parameters have been rendered immutable.
The value of `sealState()` *must not* decrease, and must not exceed
`maxSealState`.
`maxSealState` is used to define that *all mutable parameters* have been
rendered immutable. The practical implications of this will vary between
contracts.
The implementer is encouraged to use simple, descriptive names in the
source code to describe the applicable seal states.
Use cases of sealing include:
- Whether more tokens can be minted
- Allow ownership of a contract to be transferred
- The expiry time of a token (see `Expire`)
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
0d7491f8
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ISeal {
// Seal state has changed.
event SealStateChange(bool indexed _final, uint256 _sealState);
// The current seal state.
function sealState() external view returns(uint256);
// The numeric seal state in everything sealable has been sealed.
function maxSealState() external view returns(uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### Throttle
An backend contract to limit access to a resource by time.
The smart contract managing the resource calls `have(address)` on this
contract to check if it can be made use of at the current point in time.
This also implements [ACL](#acl).
When the resource is made use of, it calls `poke(address)` method to
register when it has been made use of.
The `next(address)` method returns the timestamp from which the resource
may be used again by the given address. The implementer is permitted to
change the value at any time.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
242824a9
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IThrottle {
// Returns true if the given address is authorized to make use of the resource at the current moment.
// Implements ACL
function have(address _address) external view returns(bool);
// Returns the timestamp when the resource may next be used by the given address.
// A return value of 0 or a timestamp before the current timestamp indicates that the resource may used momentarily.
// A return value of max uint265 can be used to indicate that the resource may never be used again by the address.
function next(address _address) external returns(bool);
// Must be called when the resource is being used.
function poke(address _address) external returns(bool);
}
#### Reference implementation
<git://holbrook.no/eth-faucet.git> (PeriodSimple contract)
### TokenLimit
Define limits of value amounts of tokens that individual addresses can
hold.
Limits are inclusive; a limit for 42 means transfer resulting in a token
balance *higher* than 42 should be rejected.
A return value of 0 indicates that the token is categorically not
accepted by the holder.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
23778613
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenLimit {
// Returns limit of total value a holder will accept of a specific token.
// The value limit returned is inclusive; A limit of 42 means any operation resulting in a balance OVER 42 should be rejected.
// A value of 0 means that no value of the token is accepted.
function limitOf(address _token, address _holder) external view returns(uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git>
### TokenQuote
Quote an output token value for a given value of input tokens.
Both input and output value is denominated in the smallest available
unit of respective tokens.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
dbb21d40
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenQuote {
// Returns, within a current context, what value of outTokens the given value of inTokens translates to.
// The values are given in smallest unit of each respective token.
function valueFor(address _outToken, address _inToken, uint256 value) external view returns (uint256);
}
#### Example implementation
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-limiter.git>
### TokenRateChange
Enables detection of properties for CIC tokens that change value over
time, e.g. through demurrage.
It allows defining the granularity of the rate of change, aswell as a
frequency for which the rate of change is applied.
A method for canonical value change calculations is also provided.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
b716af03
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenChangeRate {
// Time unit resolution for rate of change.
// A value of 0 indicates no rate of change,
function changeTimeUnit() external view returns(uint256);
// Rate of change per changeTimeUnit(), signed integer.
// An effective value of 0 indicates no rate of change.
function changeRate() external view returns (int256);
// Number of decimals with which the changeRate is defined.
// changeRate() should be divided by 10 ** changeRateDecimals() to obtain effective value
function changeRateDecimals() external view returns(uint8);
// Timestamp from when rate of change should be applied.
// A value of 0 indicates no rate of change,
function changeStartTime() external view returns(uint256);
// Calculate value with change rate applied for given amount of time units.
// Will calculate compounded change over the given amount of time units
function applyChange(int256 _value, uint256 _changeTimeUnits) external view returns(int256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-demurrage-token.git>
### TokenSwap
Token swap interface that can fit token escrow purposes aswell as token
swap contracts.
Optionally may define a `defaultToken`, that may among other things be
used for `withdraw()` calls without an `inToken`.
An explicit *ERC20 approval* of the balance to be transacted will
usually be required for the implementing contract.
If the value 0 is passed as argument to `deposit` or `withdraw`,
implementers can choose one of two possible outcomes:
- Noop. 0 *must* be returned.
- Use *balance* or the max available *allowance*. The actual (spent)
value *must* be returned.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
4146b765
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenSwap {
// Emitted when a new deposit has been made.
event Deposit(address indexed _token, uint256 _value);
// Default token used to access the token swap.
// Returns zero-address if no default token is defined.
function defaultToken() external returns (address);
// Add inToken liquidity to the tune of given value.
// Requires token approval for the corresponding value.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval MAY be used for the transfer.
function deposit(address _inToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
// Withdraw pending outToken balance of given value in the pool for the sender.
// May require token approval for defaultToken if used by contract as exchange for the withdrawal.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval value MAY be used for the transfer.
function withdraw(address _outToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
// Exchange inToken equalling given value for outToken.
// Requires token approval for the value of inToken.
// If value is 0, up to the full approval value MAY be used for the transfer.
function withdraw(address _outToken, address _inToken, uint256 _value) external returns (uint256);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/erc20-pool.git>
#### Handling deposits
The implementation is free to decide whether deposits can be recovered
directly, or if they will be locked in the smart contract - temporarily
or permanently.
For the duration deposits are locked, they are part of the smart
contract’s swap liquidity. During this time, locked deposits may only be
withdrawn in exchange for other tokens accepted by the contract.
Deposits that are not locked should be withdrawable using the
`withdraw(address,uint256)` (`0xf3fef3a3`) method signature.
Of course, as with most swap contracts, the tokens available for
withdrawal by the holder may not necessarily match the tokens that were
deposited by the holder.
### TokenVote
Execute elections with granular ERC20 token votes.
A proposal submitted for vote may or may not contain multiple options.
If multiple options are available, an ERC20 token holder may distribute
its vote among the options with the granularity of the token balance.
Voted tokens **SHOULD** be locked until the voting has finalized.
Finalization of voting should be callable by anyone.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
f2e0bfeb
#### Solidity interface definition
interface ITokenVote {
// A new proposal has been created.
event ProposalAdded(uint256 indexed _blockDeadline, uint256 indexed voteTargetPpm, uint256 indexed _proposalIdx);
// A proposal vote has been completed.
// The proposal is identified by the serial number in _proposalIdx. It is up to the implementer to define how the proposal should be retrieved by index.
// The proposal result may be in one of three states:
// * Ratified (_cancelled == false, _insufficient == false)
// * Cancelled (_cancelled == true, _insufficient == false)
// * Not reached quorum (_cancelled == false, _insufficient == true)
event ProposalCompleted(uint256 indexed _proposalIdx, bool indexed _cancelled, bool indexed _insufficient, uint256 _totalVote);
// Propose a new vote.
// Voting is active until one of:
// * total cancel vote reach quorum (_targetVotePpm, ppm = parts-per-million).
// * _blockWait blocks from now.
function propose(bytes32 _description, uint256 _blockWait, uint24 _targetVotePpm) external returns (uint256);
// Add a voting option to a proposal
function addOption(uint256 _proposalIdx, bytes32 _description) external;
// Get number of options available for the proposal.
// This decides the boundary of the index that can be used with voteOptions(...)
// If the result is 0, vote(...) can be used aswell.
function optionCount(uint256 _proposalIdx) external view returns(uint256);
// Get proposal option. Assumes that proposal was created with proposeMulti(...)
function getOption(uint256 _proposalIdx, uint256 _optionIdx) external view returns (bytes32);
// Get vote count for the given option.
// If proposal has no options, it should be called with _optionIdx = 0
function voteCount(uint256 _proposalIdx, uint256 _optionIdx) external view returns(uint256);
// Vote on a proposal without options.
// Assumes that proposal was created with propose(...) and will fail otherwise.
function vote(uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Vote on a proposal option. Assumes that proposal was created with proposeMulti(...).
// Must work with a non-option proposal if _optionIndex is 0.
function voteOption(uint256 _optionIndex, uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Vote to cancel a proposal.
// If cancel has the majority:
// * A vote without options will have rejected the proposal description.
// * A vote with options will have rejected the proposal description as well as all option descriptions.
function voteCancel(uint256 _value) external returns (bool);
// Finalize the vote for a proposal.
// May be called if deadline has been passed, or if:
// * quorum has been reached with cancel votes.
// * quorum has been reached and proposal has no/only one option.
function finalize() external returns (bool);
}
#### Reference implementations
- <git://holbrook.no/evm-tokenvote.git>
### Writer
A complement to ERC173, which allows definition of a class of
super-users for a contract.
A super-user address may perform *more* actions than a "normal" address,
aswell as *some* actions normally limited to the *contract owner*.
If an *contract owner* is defined, No super-user should be able to
perform actions that *contract owner* cannot perform.
Typically, only the *contract owner*, if it is defined, can add or
remove a super-user.
Some use-case examples of super-user actions include:
- Mint new tokens.
- Change the amount dispensed by the faucet.
- Edit access control lists.
#### ERC165 Interface identifier
abe1f1f5
#### Solidity interface definition
interface IWriter {
// A writer has been added by _executor
event WriterAdded(address _writer);
// A writer has been removed by _executor
event WriterDeleted(address _writer);
// Add a new writer to the contract.
function addWriter(address _writer) external returns (bool);
// Remove existing writer from the contract.
function deleteWriter(address _writer) external returns (bool);
// Check whether the given address is a writer.
function isWriter(address _writer) external view returns (bool);
}
#### Example implementation
<https://git.grassecon.net/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token.git>

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# local imports
from cic_contracts.search import search
from cic_contracts.names import Name
erc165_for = search
def abi(v):
return search(v, ext='json')

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