private-tx: replace error_chain (#10510)

* Update to vanilla tx pool error

* private-tx: remove error-chain, implement Error, derive Display

* private-tx: replace ErrorKind and bail!

* private-tx: add missing From impls and other compiler errors

* private-tx: use original tx-pool error

* Don't be silly cargo

Cargo.lock

@@ -513,6 +513,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "winapi 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "derive_more"
+version = "0.14.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2 0.4.20 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "quote 0.6.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "rustc_version 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+ "syn 0.15.26 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "difference"
 version = "1.0.0"
@@ -1006,8 +1017,8 @@ name = "ethcore-private-tx"
 version = "1.0.0"
 dependencies = [
  "common-types 0.1.0",
+ "derive_more 0.14.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "env_logger 0.5.13 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
- "error-chain 0.12.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethabi 6.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethabi-contract 6.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
  "ethabi-derive 6.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -4513,6 +4524,7 @@ dependencies = [
 "checksum csv-core 0.1.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "4dd8e6d86f7ba48b4276ef1317edc8cc36167546d8972feb4a2b5fec0b374105"
 "checksum ct-logs 0.5.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "1b4660f8b07a560a88c02d76286edb9f0d5d64e495d2b0f233186155aa51be1f"
 "checksum ctrlc 1.1.1 (git+https://github.com/paritytech/rust-ctrlc.git)" = "<none>"
+"checksum derive_more 0.14.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "fbe9f11be34f800b3ecaaed0ec9ec2e015d1d0ba0c8644c1310f73d6e8994615"
 "checksum difference 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b3304d19798a8e067e48d8e69b2c37f0b5e9b4e462504ad9e27e9f3fce02bba8"
 "checksum digest 0.7.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "03b072242a8cbaf9c145665af9d250c59af3b958f83ed6824e13533cf76d5b90"
 "checksum docopt 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "db2906c2579b5b7207fc1e328796a9a8835dc44e22dbe8e460b1d636f9a7b225"

ethcore/private-tx/Cargo.toml

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ authors = ["Parity Technologies <admin@parity.io>"]
 
 [dependencies]
 common-types = { path = "../types" }
-error-chain = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
+derive_more = "0.14.0"
 ethabi = "6.0"
 ethabi-contract = "6.0"
 ethabi-derive = "6.0"

ethcore/private-tx/src/encryptor.rs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use crypto;
 use futures::Future;
 use fetch::{Fetch, Client as FetchClient, Method, BodyReader, Request};
 use bytes::{Bytes, ToPretty};
-use error::{Error, ErrorKind};
+use error::Error;
 use url::Url;
 use super::Signer;
 use super::key_server_keys::address_to_key;
@@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ impl SecretStoreEncryptor {
 			return Ok(key);
 		}
 		let contract_address_signature = self.sign_contract_address(contract_address)?;
-		let requester = self.config.key_server_account.ok_or_else(|| ErrorKind::KeyServerAccountNotSet)?;
+		let requester = self.config.key_server_account.ok_or_else(|| Error::KeyServerAccountNotSet)?;
 
 		// key id in SS is H256 && we have H160 here => expand with assitional zeros
 		let contract_address_extended: H256 = contract_address.into();
-		let base_url = self.config.base_url.clone().ok_or_else(|| ErrorKind::KeyServerNotSet)?;
+		let base_url = self.config.base_url.clone().ok_or_else(|| Error::KeyServerNotSet)?;
 
 		// prepare request url
 		let url = format!("{}/{}/{}{}",
@@ -132,16 +132,16 @@ impl SecretStoreEncryptor {
 			Method::GET
 		};
 
-		let url = Url::from_str(&url).map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
+		let url = Url::from_str(&url).map_err(|e| Error::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
 		let response = self.client.fetch(Request::new(url, method), Default::default()).wait()
-			.map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
+			.map_err(|e| Error::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
 
 		if response.is_not_found() {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::EncryptionKeyNotFound(*contract_address));
+			return Err(Error::EncryptionKeyNotFound(*contract_address));
 		}
 
 		if !response.is_success() {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::Encrypt(response.status().canonical_reason().unwrap_or("unknown").into()));
+			return Err(Error::Encrypt(response.status().canonical_reason().unwrap_or("unknown").into()));
 		}
 
 		// read HTTP response
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ impl SecretStoreEncryptor {
 		BodyReader::new(response).read_to_string(&mut result)?;
 
 		// response is JSON string (which is, in turn, hex-encoded, encrypted Public)
-		let encrypted_bytes: ethjson::bytes::Bytes = result.trim_matches('\"').parse().map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Encrypt(e))?;
+		let encrypted_bytes: ethjson::bytes::Bytes = result.trim_matches('\"').parse().map_err(|e| Error::Encrypt(e))?;
 
 		// decrypt Public
 		let decrypted_bytes = self.signer.decrypt(requester, &crypto::DEFAULT_MAC, &encrypted_bytes)?;
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ impl SecretStoreEncryptor {
 	}
 
 	fn sign_contract_address(&self, contract_address: &Address) -> Result<Signature, Error> {
-		let key_server_account = self.config.key_server_account.ok_or_else(|| ErrorKind::KeyServerAccountNotSet)?;
+		let key_server_account = self.config.key_server_account.ok_or_else(|| Error::KeyServerAccountNotSet)?;
 		Ok(self.signer.sign(key_server_account, address_to_key(contract_address))?)
 	}
 }
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ impl Encryptor for SecretStoreEncryptor {
 		// retrieve the key, try to generate it if it doesn't exist yet
 		let key = match self.retrieve_key("", false, contract_address) {
 			Ok(key) => Ok(key),
-			Err(Error(ErrorKind::EncryptionKeyNotFound(_), _)) => {
+			Err(Error::EncryptionKeyNotFound(_)) => {
 				trace!(target: "privatetx", "Key for account wasnt found in sstore. Creating. Address: {:?}", contract_address);
 				self.retrieve_key(&format!("/{}", self.config.threshold), true, contract_address)
 			}
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ impl Encryptor for SecretStoreEncryptor {
 		let mut cypher = Vec::with_capacity(plain_data.len() + initialisation_vector.len());
 		cypher.extend(repeat(0).take(plain_data.len()));
 		crypto::aes::encrypt_128_ctr(&key, initialisation_vector, plain_data, &mut cypher)
-			.map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
+			.map_err(|e| Error::Encrypt(e.to_string()))?;
 		cypher.extend_from_slice(&initialisation_vector);
 
 		Ok(cypher)
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ impl Encryptor for SecretStoreEncryptor {
 		// initialization vector takes INIT_VEC_LEN bytes
 		let cypher_len = cypher.len();
 		if cypher_len < INIT_VEC_LEN {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::Decrypt("Invalid cypher".into()));
+			return Err(Error::Decrypt("Invalid cypher".into()));
 		}
 
 		// retrieve existing key
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ impl Encryptor for SecretStoreEncryptor {
 		let mut plain_data = Vec::with_capacity(cypher_len - INIT_VEC_LEN);
 		plain_data.extend(repeat(0).take(cypher_len - INIT_VEC_LEN));
 		crypto::aes::decrypt_128_ctr(&key, &iv, cypher, &mut plain_data)
-			.map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Decrypt(e.to_string()))?;
+			.map_err(|e| Error::Decrypt(e.to_string()))?;
 		Ok(plain_data)
 	}
 }

ethcore/private-tx/src/error.rs

@@ -14,10 +14,8 @@
 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 // along with Parity Ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-// Silence: `use of deprecated item 'std::error::Error::cause': replaced by Error::source, which can support downcasting`
+use std::error;
-// https://github.com/paritytech/parity-ethereum/issues/10302
+use derive_more::Display;
-#![allow(deprecated)]
-
 use ethereum_types::Address;
 use rlp::DecoderError;
 use ethtrie::TrieError;
@@ -25,173 +23,170 @@ use ethcore::error::{Error as EthcoreError, ExecutionError};
 use types::transaction::Error as TransactionError;
 use ethkey::Error as KeyError;
 use ethkey::crypto::Error as CryptoError;
-use txpool::Error as TxPoolError;
+use txpool::{Error as TxPoolError};
 
-error_chain! {
+#[derive(Debug, Display)]
-	foreign_links {
+pub enum Error {
-		Io(::std::io::Error) #[doc = "Error concerning the Rust standard library's IO subsystem."];
+	/// Error concerning the Rust standard library's IO subsystem.
-		Decoder(DecoderError) #[doc = "RLP decoding error."];
+	#[display(fmt = "Io Error: {}", _0)]
-		Trie(TrieError) #[doc = "Error concerning TrieDBs."];
+	Io(::std::io::Error),
-		Txpool(TxPoolError) #[doc = "Tx pool error."];
+	/// RLP decoding error.
-		Crypto(CryptoError) #[doc = "Crypto error."];
+	#[display(fmt = "Decoder Error: {}", _0)]
-	}
+	Decoder(DecoderError),
+	/// Error concerning TrieDBs.
+	#[display(fmt = "Trie Error: {}", _0)]
+	Trie(TrieError),
+	/// Transaction pool error.
+	#[display(fmt = "Transaction Pool Error: {}", _0)]
+	TxPool(TxPoolError),
+	/// Crypto error.
+	#[display(fmt = "Crypto Error {}", _0)]
+	Crypto(CryptoError),
+	/// Encryption error.
+	#[display(fmt = "Encryption error. ({})", _0)]
+	Encrypt(String),
+	/// Decryption error.
+	#[display(fmt = "Decryption error. ({})", _0)]
+	Decrypt(String),
+	/// Address not authorized.
+	#[display(fmt = "Private transaction execution is not authorised for {}", _0)]
+	NotAuthorised(Address),
+	/// Transaction creates more than one contract.
+	#[display(fmt = "Private transaction created too many contracts")]
+	TooManyContracts,
+	/// Contract call error.
+	#[display(fmt = "Contract call error. ({})", _0)]
+	Call(String),
+	/// State is not available.
+	#[display(fmt = "State is not available")]
+	StatePruned,
+	/// State is incorrect.
+	#[display(fmt = "State is incorrect")]
+	StateIncorrect,
+	/// Wrong private transaction type.
+	#[display(fmt = "Wrong private transaction type")]
+	BadTransactionType,
+	/// Contract does not exist or was not created.
+	#[display(fmt = "Contract does not exist or was not created")]
+	ContractDoesNotExist,
+	/// Reference to the client is corrupted.
+	#[display(fmt = "Reference to the client is corrupted")]
+	ClientIsMalformed,
+	/// Queue of private transactions for verification is full.
+	#[display(fmt = "Queue of private transactions for verification is full")]
+	QueueIsFull,
+	/// The transaction already exists in queue of private transactions.
+	#[display(fmt = "The transaction already exists in queue of private transactions.")]
+	PrivateTransactionAlreadyImported,
+	/// The information about private transaction is not found in the store.
+	#[display(fmt = "The information about private transaction is not found in the store.")]
+	PrivateTransactionNotFound,
+	/// Account for signing public transactions not set.
+	#[display(fmt = "Account for signing public transactions not set.")]
+	SignerAccountNotSet,
+	/// Account for validating private transactions not set.
+	#[display(fmt = "Account for validating private transactions not set.")]
+	ValidatorAccountNotSet,
+	/// Account for signing requests to key server not set.
+	#[display(fmt = "Account for signing requests to key server not set.")]
+	KeyServerAccountNotSet,
+	/// Encryption key is not found on key server.
+	#[display(fmt = "Encryption key is not found on key server for {}", _0)]
+	EncryptionKeyNotFound(Address),
+	/// Key server URL is not set.
+	#[display(fmt = "Key server URL is not set.")]
+	KeyServerNotSet,
+	/// VM execution error.
+	#[display(fmt = "VM execution error {}", _0)]
+	Execution(ExecutionError),
+	/// General signing error.
+	#[display(fmt = "General signing error {}", _0)]
+	Key(KeyError),
+	/// Error of transactions processing.
+	#[display(fmt = "Error of transactions processing {}", _0)]
+	Transaction(TransactionError),
+	/// General ethcore error.
+	#[display(fmt = "General ethcore error {}", _0)]
+	Ethcore(EthcoreError),
+	/// A convenient variant for String.
+	#[display(fmt = "{}", _0)]
+	Msg(String),
+}
 
-	errors {
+impl error::Error for Error {
-		#[doc = "Encryption error."]
+	fn source(&self) -> Option<&(error::Error + 'static)> {
-		Encrypt(err: String) {
+		match self {
-			description("Encryption error"),
+			Error::Io(e) => Some(e),
-			display("Encryption error. ({})", err),
+			Error::Decoder(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Trie(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::TxPool(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Crypto(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Execution(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Key(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Transaction(e) => Some(e),
+			Error::Ethcore(e) => Some(e),
+			_ => None,
 		}
+	}
+}
 
-		#[doc = "Decryption error."]
+impl From<String> for Error {
-		Decrypt(err: String) {
+	fn from(s: String) -> Self {
-			description("Decryption error"),
+		Error::Msg(s)
-			display("Decryption error. ({})", err),
 	}
+}
 
-		#[doc = "Address not authorized."]
+impl From<std::io::Error> for Error {
-		NotAuthorised(address: Address) {
+	fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
-			description("Address not authorized"),
+		Error::Io(err).into()
-			display("Private transaction execution is not authorised for {}", address),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Transaction creates more than one contract."]
-		TooManyContracts {
-			description("Transaction creates more than one contract."),
-			display("Private transaction created too many contracts"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Contract call error."]
-		Call(err: String) {
-			description("Contract call error."),
-			display("Contract call error. ({})", err),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "State is not available."]
-		StatePruned {
-			description("State is not available."),
-			display("State is not available"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "State is incorrect."]
-		StateIncorrect {
-			description("State is incorrect."),
-			display("State is incorrect"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Wrong private transaction type."]
-		BadTransactionType {
-			description("Wrong private transaction type."),
-			display("Wrong private transaction type"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Contract does not exist or was not created."]
-		ContractDoesNotExist {
-			description("Contract does not exist or was not created."),
-			display("Contract does not exist or was not created"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Reference to the client is corrupted."]
-		ClientIsMalformed {
-			description("Reference to the client is corrupted."),
-			display("Reference to the client is corrupted"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Queue of private transactions for verification is full."]
-		QueueIsFull {
-			description("Queue of private transactions for verification is full."),
-			display("Queue of private transactions for verification is full"),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "The transaction already exists in queue of private transactions."]
-		PrivateTransactionAlreadyImported {
-			description("The transaction already exists in queue of private transactions."),
-			display("The transaction already exists in queue of private transactions."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "The information about private transaction is not found in the store."]
-		PrivateTransactionNotFound {
-			description("The information about private transaction is not found in the store."),
-			display("The information about private transaction is not found in the store."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Account for signing public transactions not set."]
-		SignerAccountNotSet {
-			description("Account for signing public transactions not set."),
-			display("Account for signing public transactions not set."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Account for validating private transactions not set."]
-		ValidatorAccountNotSet {
-			description("Account for validating private transactions not set."),
-			display("Account for validating private transactions not set."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Account for signing requests to key server not set."]
-		KeyServerAccountNotSet {
-			description("Account for signing requests to key server not set."),
-			display("Account for signing requests to key server not set."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Encryption key is not found on key server."]
-		EncryptionKeyNotFound(address: Address) {
-			description("Encryption key is not found on key server"),
-			display("Encryption key is not found on key server for {}", address),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Key server URL is not set."]
-		KeyServerNotSet {
-			description("Key server URL is not set."),
-			display("Key server URL is not set."),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "VM execution error."]
-		Execution(err: ExecutionError) {
-			description("VM execution error."),
-			display("VM execution error {}", err),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "General signing error."]
-		Key(err: KeyError) {
-			description("General signing error."),
-			display("General signing error {}", err),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "Error of transactions processing."]
-		Transaction(err: TransactionError) {
-			description("Error of transactions processing."),
-			display("Error of transactions processing {}", err),
-		}
-
-		#[doc = "General ethcore error."]
-		Ethcore(err: EthcoreError) {
-			description("General ethcore error."),
-			display("General ethcore error {}", err),
-		}
 	}
 }
 
 impl From<KeyError> for Error {
 	fn from(err: KeyError) -> Self {
-		ErrorKind::Key(err).into()
+		Error::Key(err).into()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<CryptoError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: CryptoError) -> Self {
+		Error::Crypto(err).into()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<DecoderError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: DecoderError) -> Self {
+		Error::Decoder(err).into()
 	}
 }
 
 impl From<ExecutionError> for Error {
 	fn from(err: ExecutionError) -> Self {
-		ErrorKind::Execution(err).into()
+		Error::Execution(err).into()
 	}
 }
 
 impl From<TransactionError> for Error {
 	fn from(err: TransactionError) -> Self {
-		ErrorKind::Transaction(err).into()
+		Error::Transaction(err).into()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<TrieError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: TrieError) -> Self {
+		Error::Trie(err).into()
+	}
+}
+
+impl From<TxPoolError> for Error {
+	fn from(err: TxPoolError) -> Self {
+		Error::TxPool(err).into()
 	}
 }
 
 impl From<EthcoreError> for Error {
 	fn from(err: EthcoreError) -> Self {
-		ErrorKind::Ethcore(err).into()
+		Error::Ethcore(err).into()
 	}
 }
 

ethcore/private-tx/src/lib.rs

@@ -54,8 +54,7 @@ extern crate log;
 extern crate ethabi_derive;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate ethabi_contract;
-#[macro_use]
+extern crate derive_more;
-extern crate error_chain;
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate rlp_derive;
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ pub use encryptor::{Encryptor, SecretStoreEncryptor, EncryptorConfig, NoopEncryp
 pub use key_server_keys::{KeyProvider, SecretStoreKeys, StoringKeyProvider};
 pub use private_transactions::{VerifiedPrivateTransaction, VerificationStore, PrivateTransactionSigningDesc, SigningStore};
 pub use messages::{PrivateTransaction, SignedPrivateTransaction};
-pub use error::{Error, ErrorKind};
+pub use error::Error;
 
 use std::sync::{Arc, Weak};
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet, BTreeMap};
@@ -238,10 +237,10 @@ impl Provider {
 		trace!(target: "privatetx", "Creating private transaction from regular transaction: {:?}", signed_transaction);
 		if self.signer_account.is_none() {
 			warn!(target: "privatetx", "Signing account not set");
-			bail!(ErrorKind::SignerAccountNotSet);
+			return Err(Error::SignerAccountNotSet);
 		}
 		let tx_hash = signed_transaction.hash();
-		let contract = Self::contract_address_from_transaction(&signed_transaction).map_err(|_| ErrorKind::BadTransactionType)?;
+		let contract = Self::contract_address_from_transaction(&signed_transaction).map_err(|_| Error::BadTransactionType)?;
 		let data = signed_transaction.rlp_bytes();
 		let encrypted_transaction = self.encrypt(&contract, &Self::iv_from_transaction(&signed_transaction), &data)?;
 		let private = PrivateTransaction::new(encrypted_transaction, contract);
@@ -309,19 +308,19 @@ impl Provider {
 					// TODO #9825 [ToDr] Usage of BlockId::Latest
 					let contract_nonce = self.get_contract_nonce(&contract, BlockId::Latest);
 					if let Err(e) = contract_nonce {
-						bail!("Cannot retrieve contract nonce: {:?}", e);
+						return Err(format!("Cannot retrieve contract nonce: {:?}", e).into());
 					}
 					let contract_nonce = contract_nonce.expect("Error was checked before");
 					let private_state = self.execute_private_transaction(BlockId::Latest, &transaction.transaction);
 					if let Err(e) = private_state {
-						bail!("Cannot retrieve private state: {:?}", e);
+						return Err(format!("Cannot retrieve private state: {:?}", e).into());
 					}
 					let private_state = private_state.expect("Error was checked before");
 					let private_state_hash = self.calculate_state_hash(&private_state, contract_nonce);
 					trace!(target: "privatetx", "Hashed effective private state for validator: {:?}", private_state_hash);
 					let signed_state = self.accounts.sign(validator_account, private_state_hash);
 					if let Err(e) = signed_state {
-						bail!("Cannot sign the state: {:?}", e);
+						return Err(format!("Cannot sign the state: {:?}", e).into());
 					}
 					let signed_state = signed_state.expect("Error was checked before");
 					let signed_private_transaction = SignedPrivateTransaction::new(private_hash, signed_state, None);
@@ -362,8 +361,8 @@ impl Provider {
 			signatures.push(signed_tx.signature());
 			let rsv: Vec<Signature> = signatures.into_iter().map(|sign| sign.into_electrum().into()).collect();
 			// Create public transaction
-			let signer_account = self.signer_account.ok_or_else(|| ErrorKind::SignerAccountNotSet)?;
+			let signer_account = self.signer_account.ok_or_else(|| Error::SignerAccountNotSet)?;
-			let state = self.client.state_at(BlockId::Latest).ok_or(ErrorKind::StatePruned)?;
+			let state = self.client.state_at(BlockId::Latest).ok_or(Error::StatePruned)?;
 			let nonce = state.nonce(&signer_account)?;
 			let public_tx = self.public_transaction(
 				desc.state.clone(),
@@ -382,7 +381,7 @@ impl Provider {
 				Ok(_) => trace!(target: "privatetx", "Public transaction added to queue"),
 				Err(err) => {
 					warn!(target: "privatetx", "Failed to add transaction to queue, error: {:?}", err);
-					bail!(err);
+					return Err(err.into());
 				}
 			}
 			// Notify about state changes
@@ -397,7 +396,7 @@ impl Provider {
 			// Remove from store for signing
 			if let Err(err) = self.transactions_for_signing.write().remove(&private_hash) {
 				warn!(target: "privatetx", "Failed to remove transaction from signing store, error: {:?}", err);
-				bail!(err);
+				return Err(err);
 			}
 		} else {
 			// Add signature to the store
@@ -405,7 +404,7 @@ impl Provider {
 				Ok(_) => trace!(target: "privatetx", "Signature stored for private transaction"),
 				Err(err) => {
 					warn!(target: "privatetx", "Failed to add signature to signing store, error: {:?}", err);
-					bail!(err);
+					return Err(err);
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -417,7 +416,7 @@ impl Provider {
 			Action::Call(contract) => Ok(contract),
 			_ => {
 				warn!(target: "privatetx", "Incorrect type of action for the transaction");
-				bail!(ErrorKind::BadTransactionType);
+				return Err(Error::BadTransactionType);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -436,13 +435,13 @@ impl Provider {
 					}
 					false => {
 						warn!(target: "privatetx", "Sender's state doesn't correspond to validator's");
-						bail!(ErrorKind::StateIncorrect);
+						return Err(Error::StateIncorrect);
 					}
 				}
 			}
 			Err(err) => {
 				warn!(target: "privatetx", "Sender's state doesn't correspond to validator's, error {:?}", err);
-				bail!(err);
+				return Err(err.into());
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -482,21 +481,21 @@ impl Provider {
 	fn get_decrypted_state(&self, address: &Address, block: BlockId) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
 		let (data, decoder) = private_contract::functions::state::call();
 		let value = self.client.call_contract(block, *address, data)?;
-		let state = decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)))?;
+		let state = decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| Error::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)))?;
 		self.decrypt(address, &state)
 	}
 
 	fn get_decrypted_code(&self, address: &Address, block: BlockId) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
 		let (data, decoder) = private_contract::functions::code::call();
 		let value = self.client.call_contract(block, *address, data)?;
-		let state = decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)))?;
+		let state = decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| Error::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)))?;
 		self.decrypt(address, &state)
 	}
 
 	pub fn get_contract_nonce(&self, address: &Address, block: BlockId) -> Result<U256, Error> {
 		let (data, decoder) = private_contract::functions::nonce::call();
 		let value = self.client.call_contract(block, *address, data)?;
-		decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)).into())
+		decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| Error::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)).into())
 	}
 
 	fn snapshot_to_storage(raw: Bytes) -> HashMap<H256, H256> {
@@ -533,10 +532,10 @@ impl Provider {
 			T: Tracer,
 			V: VMTracer,
 	{
-		let mut env_info = self.client.env_info(block).ok_or(ErrorKind::StatePruned)?;
+		let mut env_info = self.client.env_info(block).ok_or(Error::StatePruned)?;
 		env_info.gas_limit = transaction.gas;
 
-		let mut state = self.client.state_at(block).ok_or(ErrorKind::StatePruned)?;
+		let mut state = self.client.state_at(block).ok_or(Error::StatePruned)?;
 		// TODO #9825 in case of BlockId::Latest these need to operate on the same state
 		let contract_address = match transaction.action {
 			Action::Call(ref contract_address) => {
@@ -612,15 +611,15 @@ impl Provider {
 	/// Create encrypted public contract deployment transaction.
 	pub fn public_creation_transaction(&self, block: BlockId, source: &SignedTransaction, validators: &[Address], gas_price: U256) -> Result<(Transaction, Address), Error> {
 		if let Action::Call(_) = source.action {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::BadTransactionType);
+			return Err(Error::BadTransactionType);
 		}
 		let sender = source.sender();
-		let state = self.client.state_at(block).ok_or(ErrorKind::StatePruned)?;
+		let state = self.client.state_at(block).ok_or(Error::StatePruned)?;
 		let nonce = state.nonce(&sender)?;
 		let executed = self.execute_private(source, TransactOptions::with_no_tracing(), block)?;
 		let header = self.client.block_header(block)
-			.ok_or(ErrorKind::StatePruned)
+			.ok_or(Error::StatePruned)
-			.and_then(|h| h.decode().map_err(|_| ErrorKind::StateIncorrect).into())?;
+			.and_then(|h| h.decode().map_err(|_| Error::StateIncorrect).into())?;
 		let (executed_code, executed_state) = (executed.code.unwrap_or_default(), executed.state);
 		let tx_data = Self::generate_constructor(validators, executed_code.clone(), executed_state.clone());
 		let mut tx = Transaction {
@@ -651,7 +650,7 @@ impl Provider {
 	/// Create encrypted public contract deployment transaction. Returns updated encrypted state.
 	pub fn execute_private_transaction(&self, block: BlockId, source: &SignedTransaction) -> Result<Bytes, Error> {
 		if let Action::Create = source.action {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::BadTransactionType);
+			return Err(Error::BadTransactionType);
 		}
 		let result = self.execute_private(source, TransactOptions::with_no_tracing(), block)?;
 		Ok(result.state)
@@ -680,7 +679,7 @@ impl Provider {
 	pub fn get_validators(&self, block: BlockId, address: &Address) -> Result<Vec<Address>, Error> {
 		let (data, decoder) = private_contract::functions::get_validators::call();
 		let value = self.client.call_contract(block, *address, data)?;
-		decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| ErrorKind::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)).into())
+		decoder.decode(&value).map_err(|e| Error::Call(format!("Contract call failed {:?}", e)).into())
 	}
 
 	fn get_contract_version(&self, block: BlockId, address: &Address) -> usize {

ethcore/private-tx/src/private_transactions.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use parking_lot::RwLock;
 use types::transaction::{UnverifiedTransaction, SignedTransaction};
 use txpool;
 use txpool::{VerifiedTransaction, Verifier};
-use error::{Error, ErrorKind};
+use error::Error;
 
 type Pool = txpool::Pool<VerifiedPrivateTransaction, pool::scoring::NonceAndGasPrice>;
 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ impl SigningStore {
 		contract_nonce: U256,
 	) -> Result<(), Error> {
 		if self.transactions.len() > MAX_QUEUE_LEN {
-			bail!(ErrorKind::QueueIsFull);
+			return Err(Error::QueueIsFull);
 		}
 
 		self.transactions.insert(private_hash, PrivateTransactionSigningDesc {
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ impl SigningStore {
 
 	/// Adds received signature for the stored private transaction
 	pub fn add_signature(&mut self, private_hash: &H256, signature: Signature) -> Result<(), Error> {
-		let desc = self.transactions.get_mut(private_hash).ok_or_else(|| ErrorKind::PrivateTransactionNotFound)?;
+		let desc = self.transactions.get_mut(private_hash).ok_or_else(|| Error::PrivateTransactionNotFound)?;
 		if !desc.received_signatures.contains(&signature) {
 			desc.received_signatures.push(signature);
 		}

ethcore/service/src/error.rs

@@ -23,12 +23,9 @@ use io;
 use ethcore_private_tx;
 
 error_chain! {
-	links {
-		PrivateTransactions(ethcore_private_tx::Error, ethcore_private_tx::ErrorKind);
-	}
-
 	foreign_links {
 		Ethcore(ethcore::error::Error);
 		IoError(io::IoError);
+		PrivateTransactions(ethcore_private_tx::Error);
 	}
 }