diff --git a/ethcore/src/spec/spec.rs b/ethcore/src/spec/spec.rs index 1b52ac10f..e0859a044 100644 --- a/ethcore/src/spec/spec.rs +++ b/ethcore/src/spec/spec.rs @@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ impl Spec { author: *genesis.author(), timestamp: genesis.timestamp(), difficulty: *genesis.difficulty(), - gas_limit: *genesis.gas_limit(), + gas_limit: U256::max_value(), last_hashes: Arc::new(Vec::new()), gas_used: 0.into(), }; @@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ impl Spec { let tx = Transaction { nonce: self.engine.account_start_nonce(0), action: Action::Call(a), - gas: U256::from(50_000_000), // TODO: share with client. + gas: U256::max_value(), gas_price: U256::default(), value: U256::default(), data: d, diff --git a/mac/post-install.sh b/mac/post-install.sh index a364878d8..fc71ee1de 100755 --- a/mac/post-install.sh +++ b/mac/post-install.sh @@ -3,6 +3,4 @@ test -f /usr/local/libexec/uninstall-parity.sh && /usr/local/libexec/uninstall-parity.sh || true killall -9 parity && sleep 5 su $USER -c "open /Applications/Parity\ Ethereum.app" -sleep 5 -su $USER -c "open http://127.0.0.1:8180/" exit 0 diff --git a/rpc/src/v1/helpers/light_fetch.rs b/rpc/src/v1/helpers/light_fetch.rs index eccf521d9..043501273 100644 --- a/rpc/src/v1/helpers/light_fetch.rs +++ b/rpc/src/v1/helpers/light_fetch.rs @@ -129,9 +129,8 @@ impl LightFetch { } } BlockId::Hash(h) => { - reqs.push(request::HeaderByHash(h.into()).into()); - let idx = reqs.len(); + reqs.push(request::HeaderByHash(h.into()).into()); Ok(HeaderRef::Unresolved(idx, h.into())) } _ => Err(errors::unknown_block()) // latest, earliest, and pending will have all already returned. diff --git a/rpc/src/v1/tests/eth.rs b/rpc/src/v1/tests/eth.rs index c8444d304..60cde09a0 100644 --- a/rpc/src/v1/tests/eth.rs +++ b/rpc/src/v1/tests/eth.rs @@ -230,6 +230,18 @@ fn eth_get_block() { assert_eq!(tester.handler.handle_request_sync(req_block).unwrap(), res_block); } +#[test] +fn eth_get_block_by_hash() { + let chain = extract_chain!("BlockchainTests/bcGasPricerTest/RPC_API_Test"); + let tester = EthTester::from_chain(&chain); + + // We're looking for block number 4 from "RPC_API_Test_Frontier" + let req_block = r#"{"method":"eth_getBlockByHash","params":["0x9c9bdab4cb53fd834e790b13545597f026494d42112e84c0aca9dd6bcc545295",false],"id":1,"jsonrpc":"2.0"}"#; + + let res_block = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":{"author":"0x8888f1f195afa192cfee860698584c030f4c9db1","difficulty":"0x200c0","extraData":"0x","gasLimit":"0x1dd8112","gasUsed":"0x5458","hash":"0x9c9bdab4cb53fd834e790b13545597f026494d42112e84c0aca9dd6bcc545295","logsBloom":"0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000","miner":"0x8888f1f195afa192cfee860698584c030f4c9db1","mixHash":"0xaddea8d25bb0f955fa6c1d58d74ab8a3fec99d37943e2a261e3b12f97d6bff7c","nonce":"0x8e18bed16d5a88da","number":"0x4","parentHash":"0x2cbf4fc930c5b4c87598f43fc8eb26dccdab2f58a7d0d3ca92ec60a5444a330e","receiptsRoot":"0x7ed8026cf72ed0e98e6fd53ab406e51ffd34397d9da0052494ff41376fda7b5f","sealFields":["0xa0addea8d25bb0f955fa6c1d58d74ab8a3fec99d37943e2a261e3b12f97d6bff7c","0x888e18bed16d5a88da"],"sha3Uncles":"0x75cc08a7cb2cf8081446659fecb2633fb6b922d26edd59bd2272b1f5cae1c78b","size":"0x661","stateRoot":"0x68805721294e365020aca15ed56c360d9dc2cf03cbeff84c9b84b8aed023bfb5","timestamp":"0x59d662ff","totalDifficulty":"0xa0180","transactions":["0xb094b9dc356dbb8b256402c6d5709288066ad6a372c90c9c516f14277545fd58"],"transactionsRoot":"0x97a593d8d7e15b57f5c6bb25bc6c325463ef99f874bc08a78656c3ab5cb23262","uncles":["0xa1e9c9ecd2af999e0723aae1dc55dd9789ca618e0b34badcc8ac7d9a3dad3af2","0x81d429b6b6635214a2b0f976cc4b2ed49808140d6bede50129bc10d22ac9249e"]},"id":1}"#; + assert_eq!(tester.handler.handle_request_sync(req_block).unwrap(), res_block); +} + // a frontier-like test with an expanded gas limit and balance on known account. const TRANSACTION_COUNT_SPEC: &'static [u8] = br#"{ "name": "Frontier (Test)", diff --git a/rpc/src/v1/types/uint.rs b/rpc/src/v1/types/uint.rs index e887322db..1f024a696 100644 --- a/rpc/src/v1/types/uint.rs +++ b/rpc/src/v1/types/uint.rs @@ -55,7 +55,13 @@ macro_rules! impl_uint { impl fmt::LowerHex for $name { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { - write!(f, "{:#x}", self.0) + // TODO: remove this once updated to new version of primitives + // including https://github.com/paritytech/primitives/pull/33 + // replace with `::core::fmt::LowerHex::fmt(self.0, f)` + if f.alternate() { + write!(f, "0x"); + } + write!(f, "{:x}", self.0) } } @@ -102,19 +108,19 @@ impl_uint!(U64, u64, 1); impl serde::Serialize for U128 { fn serialize(&self, serializer: S) -> Result where S: serde::Serializer { - serializer.serialize_str(&format!("0x{:x}", self.0)) + serializer.serialize_str(&format!("{:#x}", self)) } } impl serde::Serialize for U256 { fn serialize(&self, serializer: S) -> Result where S: serde::Serializer { - serializer.serialize_str(&format!("0x{:x}", self.0)) + serializer.serialize_str(&format!("{:#x}", self)) } } impl serde::Serialize for U64 { fn serialize(&self, serializer: S) -> Result where S: serde::Serializer { - serializer.serialize_str(&format!("0x{:x}", self.0)) + serializer.serialize_str(&format!("{:#x}", self)) } } diff --git a/util/network/src/host.rs b/util/network/src/host.rs index 84a9bb343..43843aca2 100644 --- a/util/network/src/host.rs +++ b/util/network/src/host.rs @@ -227,10 +227,13 @@ pub struct NetworkContext<'s> { impl<'s> NetworkContext<'s> { /// Create a new network IO access point. Takes references to all the data that can be updated within the IO handler. - fn new(io: &'s IoContext, + fn new( + io: &'s IoContext, protocol: ProtocolId, - session: Option, sessions: Arc>>, - reserved_peers: &'s HashSet) -> NetworkContext<'s> { + session: Option, + sessions: Arc>>, + reserved_peers: &'s HashSet, + ) -> NetworkContext<'s> { let id = session.as_ref().map(|s| s.lock().token()); NetworkContext { io: io, @@ -722,10 +725,8 @@ impl Host { let address = { let mut nodes = self.nodes.write(); if let Some(node) = nodes.get_mut(id) { - node.attempts += 1; node.endpoint.address - } - else { + } else { debug!(target: "network", "Connection to expired node aborted"); return; } @@ -737,6 +738,7 @@ impl Host { }, Err(e) => { debug!(target: "network", "{}: Can't connect to address {:?}: {:?}", id, address, e); + self.nodes.write().note_failure(&id); return; } } @@ -822,12 +824,17 @@ impl Host { Err(e) => { let s = session.lock(); trace!(target: "network", "Session read error: {}:{:?} ({:?}) {:?}", token, s.id(), s.remote_addr(), e); - if let ErrorKind::Disconnect(DisconnectReason::IncompatibleProtocol) = *e.kind() { - if let Some(id) = s.id() { - if !self.reserved_nodes.read().contains(id) { - self.nodes.write().mark_as_useless(id); + match *e.kind() { + ErrorKind::Disconnect(DisconnectReason::IncompatibleProtocol) | ErrorKind::Disconnect(DisconnectReason::UselessPeer) => { + if let Some(id) = s.id() { + if !self.reserved_nodes.read().contains(id) { + let mut nodes = self.nodes.write(); + nodes.note_failure(&id); + nodes.mark_as_useless(id); + } } - } + }, + _ => {}, } kill = true; break; @@ -891,6 +898,10 @@ impl Host { } } } + + // Note connection success + self.nodes.write().note_success(&id); + for (p, _) in self.handlers.read().iter() { if s.have_capability(*p) { ready_data.push(*p); @@ -1162,7 +1173,9 @@ impl IoHandler for Host { if let Some(session) = session { session.lock().disconnect(io, DisconnectReason::DisconnectRequested); if let Some(id) = session.lock().id() { - self.nodes.write().mark_as_useless(id) + let mut nodes = self.nodes.write(); + nodes.note_failure(&id); + nodes.mark_as_useless(id); } } trace!(target: "network", "Disabling peer {}", peer); diff --git a/util/network/src/node_table.rs b/util/network/src/node_table.rs index c583cf022..2d351a91b 100644 --- a/util/network/src/node_table.rs +++ b/util/network/src/node_table.rs @@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ use std::net::{SocketAddr, ToSocketAddrs, SocketAddrV4, SocketAddrV6, Ipv4Addr, use std::path::PathBuf; use std::str::FromStr; use std::{fs, mem, slice}; +use std::time::{self, Duration, SystemTime}; +use rand::{self, Rng}; use ethereum_types::H512; use rlp::*; use error::{Error, ErrorKind}; @@ -128,40 +130,64 @@ impl FromStr for NodeEndpoint { } } -#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)] +#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone)] pub enum PeerType { _Required, Optional } +/// A type for representing an interaction (contact) with a node at a given time +/// that was either a success or a failure. +#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] +pub enum NodeContact { + Success(SystemTime), + Failure(SystemTime), +} + +impl NodeContact { + fn success() -> NodeContact { + NodeContact::Success(SystemTime::now()) + } + + fn failure() -> NodeContact { + NodeContact::Failure(SystemTime::now()) + } + + fn time(&self) -> SystemTime { + match *self { + NodeContact::Success(t) | NodeContact::Failure(t) => t + } + } + + /// Filters and old contact, returning `None` if it happened longer than a + /// week ago. + fn recent(&self) -> Option<&NodeContact> { + let t = self.time(); + if let Ok(d) = t.elapsed() { + if d < Duration::from_secs(60 * 60 * 24 * 7) { + return Some(self); + } + } + + None + } +} + +#[derive(Debug)] pub struct Node { pub id: NodeId, pub endpoint: NodeEndpoint, pub peer_type: PeerType, - pub attempts: u32, - pub failures: u32, + pub last_contact: Option, } -const DEFAULT_FAILURE_PERCENTAGE: usize = 50; - impl Node { pub fn new(id: NodeId, endpoint: NodeEndpoint) -> Node { Node { id: id, endpoint: endpoint, peer_type: PeerType::Optional, - attempts: 0, - failures: 0, - } - } - - /// Returns the node's failure percentage (0..100) in buckets of 5%. If there are 0 connection attempts for this - /// node the default failure percentage is returned (50%). - pub fn failure_percentage(&self) -> usize { - if self.attempts == 0 { - DEFAULT_FAILURE_PERCENTAGE - } else { - (self.failures * 100 / self.attempts / 5 * 5) as usize + last_contact: None, } } } @@ -191,8 +217,7 @@ impl FromStr for Node { id: id, endpoint: endpoint, peer_type: PeerType::Optional, - attempts: 0, - failures: 0, + last_contact: None, }) } } @@ -231,28 +256,61 @@ impl NodeTable { /// Add a node to table pub fn add_node(&mut self, mut node: Node) { - // preserve attempts and failure counter - let (attempts, failures) = - self.nodes.get(&node.id).map_or((0, 0), |n| (n.attempts, n.failures)); - - node.attempts = attempts; - node.failures = failures; - + // preserve node last_contact + node.last_contact = self.nodes.get(&node.id).and_then(|n| n.last_contact); self.nodes.insert(node.id.clone(), node); } + /// Returns a list of ordered nodes according to their most recent contact + /// and filtering useless nodes. The algorithm for creating the sorted nodes + /// is: + /// - Contacts that aren't recent (older than 1 week) are discarded + /// - (1) Nodes with a successful contact are ordered (most recent success first) + /// - (2) Nodes with unknown contact (older than 1 week or new nodes) are randomly shuffled + /// - (3) Nodes with a failed contact are ordered (oldest failure first) + /// - The final result is the concatenation of (1), (2) and (3) fn ordered_entries(&self) -> Vec<&Node> { - let mut refs: Vec<&Node> = self.nodes.values() - .filter(|n| !self.useless_nodes.contains(&n.id)) - .collect(); + let mut success = Vec::new(); + let mut failures = Vec::new(); + let mut unknown = Vec::new(); - refs.sort_by(|a, b| { - a.failure_percentage().cmp(&b.failure_percentage()) - .then_with(|| a.failures.cmp(&b.failures)) - .then_with(|| b.attempts.cmp(&a.attempts)) // we use reverse ordering for number of attempts + let nodes = self.nodes.values() + .filter(|n| !self.useless_nodes.contains(&n.id)); + + for node in nodes { + // discard contact points older that aren't recent + match node.last_contact.as_ref().and_then(|c| c.recent()) { + Some(&NodeContact::Success(_)) => { + success.push(node); + }, + Some(&NodeContact::Failure(_)) => { + failures.push(node); + }, + None => { + unknown.push(node); + }, + } + } + + success.sort_by(|a, b| { + let a = a.last_contact.expect("vector only contains values with defined last_contact; qed"); + let b = b.last_contact.expect("vector only contains values with defined last_contact; qed"); + // inverse ordering, most recent successes come first + b.time().cmp(&a.time()) }); - refs + failures.sort_by(|a, b| { + let a = a.last_contact.expect("vector only contains values with defined last_contact; qed"); + let b = b.last_contact.expect("vector only contains values with defined last_contact; qed"); + // normal ordering, most distant failures come first + a.time().cmp(&b.time()) + }); + + rand::thread_rng().shuffle(&mut unknown); + + success.append(&mut unknown); + success.append(&mut failures); + success } /// Returns node ids sorted by failure percentage, for nodes with the same failure percentage the absolute number of @@ -296,10 +354,17 @@ impl NodeTable { } } - /// Increase failure counte for a node + /// Set last contact as failure for a node pub fn note_failure(&mut self, id: &NodeId) { if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get_mut(id) { - node.failures += 1; + node.last_contact = Some(NodeContact::failure()); + } + } + + /// Set last contact as success for a node + pub fn note_success(&mut self, id: &NodeId) { + if let Some(node) = self.nodes.get_mut(id) { + node.last_contact = Some(NodeContact::success()); } } @@ -396,19 +461,38 @@ mod json { pub nodes: Vec, } + #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)] + pub enum NodeContact { + #[serde(rename = "success")] + Success(u64), + #[serde(rename = "failure")] + Failure(u64), + } + + impl NodeContact { + pub fn into_node_contact(self) -> super::NodeContact { + match self { + NodeContact::Success(s) => super::NodeContact::Success( + time::UNIX_EPOCH + Duration::from_secs(s) + ), + NodeContact::Failure(s) => super::NodeContact::Failure( + time::UNIX_EPOCH + Duration::from_secs(s) + ), + } + } + } + #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)] pub struct Node { pub url: String, - pub attempts: u32, - pub failures: u32, + pub last_contact: Option, } impl Node { pub fn into_node(self) -> Option { match super::Node::from_str(&self.url) { Ok(mut node) => { - node.attempts = self.attempts; - node.failures = self.failures; + node.last_contact = self.last_contact.map(|c| c.into_node_contact()); Some(node) }, _ => None, @@ -418,10 +502,18 @@ mod json { impl<'a> From<&'a super::Node> for Node { fn from(node: &'a super::Node) -> Self { + let last_contact = node.last_contact.and_then(|c| { + match c { + super::NodeContact::Success(t) => + t.duration_since(time::UNIX_EPOCH).ok().map(|d| NodeContact::Success(d.as_secs())), + super::NodeContact::Failure(t) => + t.duration_since(time::UNIX_EPOCH).ok().map(|d| NodeContact::Failure(d.as_secs())), + } + }); + Node { url: format!("{}", node), - attempts: node.attempts, - failures: node.failures, + last_contact } } } @@ -464,42 +556,54 @@ mod tests { } #[test] - fn table_failure_percentage_order() { + fn table_last_contact_order() { let node1 = Node::from_str("enode://a979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let node2 = Node::from_str("enode://b979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let node3 = Node::from_str("enode://c979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let node4 = Node::from_str("enode://d979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); + let node5 = Node::from_str("enode://e979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); + let node6 = Node::from_str("enode://f979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let id1 = H512::from_str("a979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); let id2 = H512::from_str("b979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); let id3 = H512::from_str("c979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); let id4 = H512::from_str("d979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); + let id5 = H512::from_str("e979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); + let id6 = H512::from_str("f979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); let mut table = NodeTable::new(None); table.add_node(node1); table.add_node(node2); table.add_node(node3); table.add_node(node4); + table.add_node(node5); + table.add_node(node6); - // node 1 - failure percentage 100% - table.get_mut(&id1).unwrap().attempts = 2; + // failures - nodes 1 & 2 table.note_failure(&id1); - table.note_failure(&id1); - - // node2 - failure percentage 33% - table.get_mut(&id2).unwrap().attempts = 3; table.note_failure(&id2); - // node3 - failure percentage 0% - table.get_mut(&id3).unwrap().attempts = 1; + // success - nodes 3 & 4 + table.note_success(&id3); + table.note_success(&id4); - // node4 - failure percentage 50% (default when no attempts) + // success - node 5 (old contact) + table.get_mut(&id5).unwrap().last_contact = Some(NodeContact::Success(time::UNIX_EPOCH)); + + // unknown - node 6 let r = table.nodes(IpFilter::default()); - assert_eq!(r[0][..], id3[..]); - assert_eq!(r[1][..], id2[..]); - assert_eq!(r[2][..], id4[..]); - assert_eq!(r[3][..], id1[..]); + assert_eq!(r[0][..], id4[..]); // most recent success + assert_eq!(r[1][..], id3[..]); + + // unknown (old contacts and new nodes), randomly shuffled + assert!( + r[2][..] == id5[..] && r[3][..] == id6[..] || + r[2][..] == id6[..] && r[3][..] == id5[..] + ); + + assert_eq!(r[4][..], id1[..]); // oldest failure + assert_eq!(r[5][..], id2[..]); } #[test] @@ -507,23 +611,27 @@ mod tests { let tempdir = TempDir::new("").unwrap(); let node1 = Node::from_str("enode://a979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let node2 = Node::from_str("enode://b979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); + let node3 = Node::from_str("enode://c979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c@22.99.55.44:7770").unwrap(); let id1 = H512::from_str("a979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); let id2 = H512::from_str("b979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); + let id3 = H512::from_str("c979fb575495b8d6db44f750317d0f4622bf4c2aa3365d6af7c284339968eef29b69ad0dce72a4d8db5ebb4968de0e3bec910127f134779fbcb0cb6d3331163c").unwrap(); + { let mut table = NodeTable::new(Some(tempdir.path().to_str().unwrap().to_owned())); table.add_node(node1); table.add_node(node2); + table.add_node(node3); - table.get_mut(&id1).unwrap().attempts = 1; - table.get_mut(&id2).unwrap().attempts = 1; - table.note_failure(&id2); + table.note_success(&id2); + table.note_failure(&id3); } { let table = NodeTable::new(Some(tempdir.path().to_str().unwrap().to_owned())); let r = table.nodes(IpFilter::default()); - assert_eq!(r[0][..], id1[..]); - assert_eq!(r[1][..], id2[..]); + assert_eq!(r[0][..], id2[..]); // latest success + assert_eq!(r[1][..], id1[..]); // unknown + assert_eq!(r[2][..], id3[..]); // oldest failure } }