Merge pull request #52 from gavofyork/pow

Power for uint

src/uint.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,22 @@ macro_rules! impl_map_from {
 	}
 }
 
+macro_rules! overflowing {
+	($op: expr, $overflow: expr) => (
+		{
+			let (overflow_x, overflow_overflow) = $op;
+			$overflow |= overflow_overflow;
+			overflow_x
+		}
+	);
+	($op: expr) => (
+		{
+			let (overflow_x, _overflow_overflow) = $op;
+			overflow_x
+		}
+	);
+}
+
 macro_rules! panic_on_overflow {
 	($name: expr) => {
 		if $name {
@@ -42,6 +58,7 @@ macro_rules! panic_on_overflow {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
 pub trait Uint: Sized + Default + FromStr + From<u64> + FromJson + fmt::Debug + fmt::Display + PartialOrd + Ord + PartialEq + Eq + Hash {
 
 	/// Size of this type.
@@ -67,11 +84,19 @@ pub trait Uint: Sized + Default + FromStr + From<u64> + FromJson + fmt::Debug +
 	
 	/// Return the least number of bits needed to represent the number
 	fn bits(&self) -> usize;
+	/// Return if specific bit is set
 	fn bit(&self, index: usize) -> bool;
+	/// Return single byte
 	fn byte(&self, index: usize) -> u8;
+	/// Get this Uint as slice of bytes
 	fn to_bytes(&self, bytes: &mut[u8]);
 
+	/// Create `Uint(10**n)`
 	fn exp10(n: usize) -> Self;
+	/// Return eponentation `self**other`. Panic on overflow.
+	fn pow(self, other: Self) -> Self;
+	/// Return wrapped eponentation `self**other` and flag if there was an overflow
+	fn overflowing_pow(self, other: Self) -> (Self, bool);
 }
 
 macro_rules! construct_uint {
@@ -96,14 +121,12 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 					))
 			}
 
-			/// Conversion to u32
 			#[inline]
 			fn low_u32(&self) -> u32 {
 				let &$name(ref arr) = self;
 				arr[0] as u32
 			}
 
-			/// Conversion to u64
 			#[inline]
 			fn low_u64(&self) -> u64 {
 				let &$name(ref arr) = self;
@@ -131,6 +154,7 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 				}
 				arr[0]
 			}
+
 			/// Return the least number of bits needed to represent the number
 			#[inline]
 			fn bits(&self) -> usize {
@@ -164,27 +188,82 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 			}
 
 			#[inline]
-			fn exp10(n: usize) -> $name {
+			fn exp10(n: usize) -> Self {
 				match n {
-					0 => $name::from(1u64),
+					0 => Self::from(1u64),
-					_ => $name::exp10(n - 1) * $name::from(10u64)
+					_ => Self::exp10(n - 1) * Self::from(10u64)
 				}
 			}
 
 			#[inline]
-			fn zero() -> $name {
+			fn zero() -> Self {
 				From::from(0u64)
 			}
 
 			#[inline]
-			fn one() -> $name {
+			fn one() -> Self {
 				From::from(1u64)
 			}
+
+			/// Fast exponentation by squaring
+			/// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring
+			fn pow(self, expon: Self) -> Self {
+				if expon == Self::zero() {
+					return Self::one()
+				}
+				let is_even = |x : &Self| x.low_u64() & 1 == 0;
+
+				let u_one = Self::one();
+				let u_two = Self::from(2);
+				let mut y = u_one;
+				let mut n = expon;
+				let mut x = self;
+				while n > u_one {
+					if is_even(&n) {
+						x = x * x;
+						n = n / u_two;
+					} else {
+						y = x * y;
+						x = x * x;
+						n = (n - u_one) / u_two;
+					}
+				}
+				x * y
+			}
+
+			/// Fast exponentation by squaring
+			/// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring
+			fn overflowing_pow(self, expon: Self) -> (Self, bool) {
+				if expon == Self::zero() {
+					return (Self::one(), false)
+				}
+				let is_even = |x : &Self| x.low_u64() & 1 == 0;
+
+				let u_one = Self::one();
+				let u_two = Self::from(2);
+				let mut y = u_one;
+				let mut n = expon;
+				let mut x = self;
+				let mut overflow = false;
+
+				while n > u_one {
+					if is_even(&n) {
+						x = overflowing!(x.overflowing_mul(x), overflow);
+						n = n / u_two;
+					} else {
+						y = overflowing!(x.overflowing_mul(y), overflow);
+						x = overflowing!(x.overflowing_mul(x), overflow);
+						n = (n - u_one) / u_two;
+					}
+				}
+				let res = overflowing!(x.overflowing_mul(y), overflow);
+				(res, overflow)
+			}
 		}
 
 		impl $name {
 			/// Multiplication by u32
-			fn mul_u32(self, other: u32) -> $name {
+			fn mul_u32(self, other: u32) -> Self {
 				let $name(ref arr) = self;
 				let mut carry = [0u64; $n_words];
 				let mut ret = [0u64; $n_words];
@@ -205,7 +284,7 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 			}
 
 			/// Overflowing multiplication by u32
-			fn overflowing_mul_u32(self, other: u32) -> ($name, bool) {
+			fn overflowing_mul_u32(self, other: u32) -> (Self, bool) {
 				let $name(ref arr) = self;
 				let mut carry = [0u64; $n_words];
 				let mut ret = [0u64; $n_words];
@@ -225,8 +304,11 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 						overflow = true
 					}
 				}
-				let (result, add_overflow) = $name(ret).overflowing_add($name(carry));
+				let result = overflowing!(
-				(result, add_overflow || overflow)
+					$name(ret).overflowing_add($name(carry)),
+					overflow
+					);
+				(result, overflow)
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -325,21 +407,21 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 							carry[i + 1] = 1;
 							b_carry = true;
 						} else {
-							overflow = true
+							overflow = true;
 						}
 					}
 				}
 				if b_carry {
-					let (ret, add_overflow) = $name(ret).overflowing_add($name(carry));
+					let ret = overflowing!($name(ret).overflowing_add($name(carry)), overflow);
-					(ret, add_overflow || overflow)
+					(ret, overflow)
 				} else { 
 					($name(ret), overflow)
 				}
 			}
 
 			fn overflowing_sub(self, other: $name) -> ($name, bool) {
-				let (res, _overflow) = (!other).overflowing_add(From::from(1u64));
+				let res = overflowing!((!other).overflowing_add(From::from(1u64)));
-				let (res, _overflow) = self.overflowing_add(res);
+				let res = overflowing!(self.overflowing_add(res));
 				(res, self < other)
 			}
 
@@ -348,10 +430,9 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 				let mut overflow = false;
 				// TODO: be more efficient about this
 				for i in 0..(2 * $n_words) {
-					let (v, mul_overflow) = self.overflowing_mul_u32((other >> (32 * i)).low_u32());
+					let v = overflowing!(self.overflowing_mul_u32((other >> (32 * i)).low_u32()), overflow);
-					let (new_res, add_overflow) = res.overflowing_add(v << (32 * i));
+					let res2 = overflowing!(v.overflowing_shl(32 * i as u32), overflow);
-					res = new_res;
+					res = overflowing!(res.overflowing_add(res2), overflow);
-					overflow = overflow || mul_overflow || add_overflow;
 				}
 				(res, overflow)
 			}
@@ -368,9 +449,38 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 				(!self, true)
 			}
 
-			fn overflowing_shl(self, _shift32: u32) -> ($name, bool) {
+			fn overflowing_shl(self, shift32: u32) -> ($name, bool) {
-				// TODO [todr] not used for now
+				let $name(ref original) = self;
-				unimplemented!();
+				let mut ret = [0u64; $n_words];
+				let shift = shift32 as usize;
+				let word_shift = shift / 64;
+				let bit_shift = shift % 64;
+				for i in 0..$n_words {
+					// Shift
+					if i + word_shift < $n_words {
+						ret[i + word_shift] += original[i] << bit_shift;
+					}
+					// Carry
+					if bit_shift > 0 && i + word_shift + 1 < $n_words {
+						ret[i + word_shift + 1] += original[i] >> (64 - bit_shift);
+					}
+				}
+				// Detecting overflow
+				let last = $n_words - word_shift - if bit_shift > 0 { 1 } else { 0 };
+				let overflow = if bit_shift > 0 {
+					(original[last] >> (64 - bit_shift)) > 0
+				} else if word_shift > 0 {
+					original[last] > 0
+				} else {
+					false
+				};
+
+				for i in last+1..$n_words-1 {
+					if original[i] > 0 {
+						return ($name(ret), true);
+					}
+				}
+				($name(ret), overflow)
 			}
 
 			fn overflowing_shr(self, _shift32: u32) -> ($name, bool) {
@@ -409,9 +519,8 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 			#[inline]
 			fn sub(self, other: $name) -> $name {
 				panic_on_overflow!(self < other);
-				let (res, _overflow) = (!other).overflowing_add(From::from(1u64));
+				let res = overflowing!((!other).overflowing_add(From::from(1u64)));
-				let (res, _overflow) = self.overflowing_add(res);
+				overflowing!(self.overflowing_add(res))
-				res
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -422,7 +531,10 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 				let mut res = $name::from(0u64);
 				// TODO: be more efficient about this
 				for i in 0..(2 * $n_words) {
-					res = res + (self.mul_u32((other >> (32 * i)).low_u32()) << (32 * i));
+					let v = self.mul_u32((other >> (32 * i)).low_u32());
+					let (r, overflow) = v.overflowing_shl(32 * i as u32);
+					panic_on_overflow!(overflow);
+					res = res + r;
 				}
 				res
 			}
@@ -453,8 +565,7 @@ macro_rules! construct_uint {
 				loop {
 					if sub_copy >= shift_copy {
 						ret[shift / 64] |= 1 << (shift % 64);
-						let (copy, _overflow) = sub_copy.overflowing_sub(shift_copy);
+						sub_copy = overflowing!(sub_copy.overflowing_sub(shift_copy));
-						sub_copy = copy
 					}
 					shift_copy = shift_copy >> 1;
 					if shift == 0 { break; }
@@ -868,7 +979,7 @@ mod tests {
 		let incr = shr + U256::from(1u64);
 		assert_eq!(incr, U256([0x7DDE000000000001u64, 0x0001BD5B7DDFBD5B, 0, 0]));
 		// Subtraction
-		let (sub, _of) = incr.overflowing_sub(init);
+		let sub = overflowing!(incr.overflowing_sub(init));
 		assert_eq!(sub, U256([0x9F30411021524112u64, 0x0001BD5B7DDFBD5A, 0, 0]));
 		// Multiplication
 		let mult = sub.mul_u32(300);
@@ -915,11 +1026,48 @@ mod tests {
 		assert_eq!(U256::from(1000u64).mul_u32(50), U256::from(50000u64));
 	}
 
+	#[test]
+	fn uint256_pow () {
+		assert_eq!(U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(0)), U256::from(1));
+		assert_eq!(U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(1)), U256::from(10));
+		assert_eq!(U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(2)), U256::from(100));
+		assert_eq!(U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(3)), U256::from(1000));
+		assert_eq!(U256::from(10).pow(U256::from(20)), U256::exp10(20));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	#[should_panic]
+	fn uint256_pow_overflow_panic () {
+		U256::from(2).pow(U256::from(0x100));
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	fn uint256_overflowing_pow () {
+		// assert_eq!(
+		// 	U256::from(2).overflowing_pow(U256::from(0xff)),
+		// 	(U256::from_str("8000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap(), false)
+		// );
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from(2).overflowing_pow(U256::from(0x100)),
+			(U256::zero(), true)
+		);
+	}
+
 	#[test]
 	pub fn uint256_mul1() {
 		assert_eq!(U256::from(1u64) * U256::from(10u64), U256::from(10u64));
 	}
 
+	#[test]
+	pub fn uint256_overflowing_mul() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("100000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap().overflowing_mul(
+				U256::from_str("100000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap()
+			),
+			(U256::zero(), true)
+		);
+	}
+
 	#[test]
 	pub fn uint128_add() {
 		assert_eq!(
@@ -975,6 +1123,8 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 	}
 
+
+
 	#[test]
 	#[should_panic]
 	pub fn uint256_mul_overflow_panic() {
@@ -1002,7 +1152,6 @@ mod tests {
 		U256::from_str("1").unwrap();
 	}
 
-	#[ignore]
 	#[test]
 	pub fn uint256_shl_overflow() {
 		assert_eq!(
@@ -1012,9 +1161,41 @@ mod tests {
 		);
 	}
 
-	#[ignore]
 	#[test]
-	#[should_panic]
+	pub fn uint256_shl_overflow_words() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("0000000000000001ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()
+			.overflowing_shl(64),
+			(U256::from_str("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff0000000000000000").unwrap(), true)
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("0000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()
+			.overflowing_shl(64),
+			(U256::from_str("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff0000000000000000").unwrap(), false)
+		);
+	}
+
+	#[test]
+	pub fn uint256_shl_overflow_words2() {
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("00000000000000000000000000000001ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()
+			.overflowing_shl(128),
+			(U256::from_str("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap(), true)
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("00000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()
+			.overflowing_shl(128),
+			(U256::from_str("ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff00000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap(), false)
+		);
+		assert_eq!(
+			U256::from_str("00000000000000000000000000000000ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()
+			.overflowing_shl(129),
+			(U256::from_str("fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe00000000000000000000000000000000").unwrap(), true)
+		);
+	}
+
+
+	#[test]
 	pub fn uint256_shl_overflow2() {
 		assert_eq!(
 			U256::from_str("0fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff").unwrap()