// Copyright 2015-2017 Parity Technologies (UK) Ltd.
// This file is part of Parity.
// Parity is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
// Parity is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Parity. If not, see .
use util::bytes::Bytes;
use std::net::SocketAddr;
use std::collections::{HashSet, HashMap, BTreeMap, VecDeque};
use std::mem;
use std::default::Default;
use mio::*;
use mio::deprecated::{Handler, EventLoop};
use mio::udp::*;
use hash::keccak;
use time;
use util::hash::*;
use rlp::*;
use node_table::*;
use error::NetworkError;
use io::{StreamToken, IoContext};
use ethkey::{Secret, KeyPair, sign, recover};
use IpFilter;
use PROTOCOL_VERSION;
const ADDRESS_BYTES_SIZE: u32 = 32; // Size of address type in bytes.
const ADDRESS_BITS: u32 = 8 * ADDRESS_BYTES_SIZE; // Denoted by n in [Kademlia].
const NODE_BINS: u32 = ADDRESS_BITS - 1; // Size of m_state (excludes root, which is us).
const DISCOVERY_MAX_STEPS: u16 = 8; // Max iterations of discovery. (discover)
const BUCKET_SIZE: usize = 16; // Denoted by k in [Kademlia]. Number of nodes stored in each bucket.
const ALPHA: usize = 3; // Denoted by \alpha in [Kademlia]. Number of concurrent FindNode requests.
const MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE: usize = 1280;
const PACKET_PING: u8 = 1;
const PACKET_PONG: u8 = 2;
const PACKET_FIND_NODE: u8 = 3;
const PACKET_NEIGHBOURS: u8 = 4;
const PING_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 300;
const MAX_NODES_PING: usize = 32; // Max nodes to add/ping at once
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct NodeEntry {
pub id: NodeId,
pub endpoint: NodeEndpoint,
}
pub struct BucketEntry {
pub address: NodeEntry,
pub id_hash: H256,
pub timeout: Option,
}
pub struct NodeBucket {
nodes: VecDeque, //sorted by last active
}
impl Default for NodeBucket {
fn default() -> Self {
NodeBucket::new()
}
}
impl NodeBucket {
fn new() -> Self {
NodeBucket {
nodes: VecDeque::new()
}
}
}
struct Datagramm {
payload: Bytes,
address: SocketAddr,
}
pub struct Discovery {
id: NodeId,
id_hash: H256,
secret: Secret,
public_endpoint: NodeEndpoint,
udp_socket: UdpSocket,
token: StreamToken,
discovery_round: u16,
discovery_id: NodeId,
discovery_nodes: HashSet,
node_buckets: Vec,
send_queue: VecDeque,
check_timestamps: bool,
adding_nodes: Vec,
ip_filter: IpFilter,
}
pub struct TableUpdates {
pub added: HashMap,
pub removed: HashSet,
}
impl Discovery {
pub fn new(key: &KeyPair, listen: SocketAddr, public: NodeEndpoint, token: StreamToken, ip_filter: IpFilter) -> Discovery {
let socket = UdpSocket::bind(&listen).expect("Error binding UDP socket");
Discovery {
id: key.public().clone(),
id_hash: keccak(key.public()),
secret: key.secret().clone(),
public_endpoint: public,
token: token,
discovery_round: 0,
discovery_id: NodeId::new(),
discovery_nodes: HashSet::new(),
node_buckets: (0..NODE_BINS).map(|_| NodeBucket::new()).collect(),
udp_socket: socket,
send_queue: VecDeque::new(),
check_timestamps: true,
adding_nodes: Vec::new(),
ip_filter: ip_filter,
}
}
/// Add a new node to discovery table. Pings the node.
pub fn add_node(&mut self, e: NodeEntry) {
if self.is_allowed(&e) {
let endpoint = e.endpoint.clone();
self.update_node(e);
self.ping(&endpoint);
}
}
/// Add a list of nodes. Pings a few nodes each round
pub fn add_node_list(&mut self, nodes: Vec) {
self.adding_nodes = nodes;
self.update_new_nodes();
}
/// Add a list of known nodes to the table.
pub fn init_node_list(&mut self, mut nodes: Vec) {
for n in nodes.drain(..) {
if self.is_allowed(&n) {
self.update_node(n);
}
}
}
fn update_node(&mut self, e: NodeEntry) {
trace!(target: "discovery", "Inserting {:?}", &e);
let id_hash = keccak(e.id);
let ping = {
let mut bucket = &mut self.node_buckets[Discovery::distance(&self.id_hash, &id_hash) as usize];
let updated = if let Some(node) = bucket.nodes.iter_mut().find(|n| n.address.id == e.id) {
node.address = e.clone();
node.timeout = None;
true
} else { false };
if !updated {
bucket.nodes.push_front(BucketEntry { address: e, timeout: None, id_hash: id_hash, });
}
if bucket.nodes.len() > BUCKET_SIZE {
//ping least active node
let mut last = bucket.nodes.back_mut().expect("Last item is always present when len() > 0");
last.timeout = Some(time::precise_time_ns());
Some(last.address.endpoint.clone())
} else { None }
};
if let Some(endpoint) = ping {
self.ping(&endpoint);
}
}
fn clear_ping(&mut self, id: &NodeId) {
let mut bucket = &mut self.node_buckets[Discovery::distance(&self.id_hash, &keccak(id)) as usize];
if let Some(node) = bucket.nodes.iter_mut().find(|n| &n.address.id == id) {
node.timeout = None;
}
}
fn start(&mut self) {
trace!(target: "discovery", "Starting discovery");
self.discovery_round = 0;
self.discovery_id.randomize(); //TODO: use cryptographic nonce
self.discovery_nodes.clear();
}
fn update_new_nodes(&mut self) {
let mut count = 0usize;
while !self.adding_nodes.is_empty() && count < MAX_NODES_PING {
let node = self.adding_nodes.pop().expect("pop is always Some if not empty; qed");
self.add_node(node);
count += 1;
}
}
fn discover(&mut self) {
self.update_new_nodes();
if self.discovery_round == DISCOVERY_MAX_STEPS {
return;
}
trace!(target: "discovery", "Starting round {:?}", self.discovery_round);
let mut tried_count = 0;
{
let nearest = Discovery::nearest_node_entries(&self.discovery_id, &self.node_buckets).into_iter();
let nearest = nearest.filter(|x| !self.discovery_nodes.contains(&x.id)).take(ALPHA).collect::>();
for r in nearest {
let rlp = encode_list(&(&[self.discovery_id.clone()][..]));
self.send_packet(PACKET_FIND_NODE, &r.endpoint.udp_address(), &rlp);
self.discovery_nodes.insert(r.id.clone());
tried_count += 1;
trace!(target: "discovery", "Sent FindNode to {:?}", &r.endpoint);
}
}
if tried_count == 0 {
trace!(target: "discovery", "Completing discovery");
self.discovery_round = DISCOVERY_MAX_STEPS;
self.discovery_nodes.clear();
return;
}
self.discovery_round += 1;
}
fn distance(a: &H256, b: &H256) -> u32 {
let d = *a ^ *b;
let mut ret:u32 = 0;
for i in 0..32 {
let mut v: u8 = d[i];
while v != 0 {
v >>= 1;
ret += 1;
}
}
ret
}
fn ping(&mut self, node: &NodeEndpoint) {
let mut rlp = RlpStream::new_list(3);
rlp.append(&PROTOCOL_VERSION);
self.public_endpoint.to_rlp_list(&mut rlp);
node.to_rlp_list(&mut rlp);
trace!(target: "discovery", "Sent Ping to {:?}", &node);
self.send_packet(PACKET_PING, &node.udp_address(), &rlp.drain());
}
fn send_packet(&mut self, packet_id: u8, address: &SocketAddr, payload: &[u8]) {
let mut rlp = RlpStream::new();
rlp.append_raw(&[packet_id], 1);
let source = Rlp::new(payload);
rlp.begin_list(source.item_count() + 1);
for i in 0 .. source.item_count() {
rlp.append_raw(source.at(i).as_raw(), 1);
}
let timestamp = time::get_time().sec as u32 + 60;
rlp.append(×tamp);
let bytes = rlp.drain();
let hash = keccak(bytes.as_ref());
let signature = match sign(&self.secret, &hash) {
Ok(s) => s,
Err(_) => {
warn!("Error signing UDP packet");
return;
}
};
let mut packet = Bytes::with_capacity(bytes.len() + 32 + 65);
packet.extend(hash.iter());
packet.extend(signature.iter());
packet.extend(bytes.iter());
let signed_hash = keccak(&packet[32..]);
packet[0..32].clone_from_slice(&signed_hash);
self.send_to(packet, address.clone());
}
#[cfg_attr(feature="dev", allow(map_clone))]
fn nearest_node_entries(target: &NodeId, buckets: &[NodeBucket]) -> Vec {
let mut found: BTreeMap> = BTreeMap::new();
let mut count = 0;
let target_hash = keccak(target);
// Sort nodes by distance to target
for bucket in buckets {
for node in &bucket.nodes {
let distance = Discovery::distance(&target_hash, &node.id_hash);
found.entry(distance).or_insert_with(Vec::new).push(&node.address);
if count == BUCKET_SIZE {
// delete the most distant element
let remove = {
let (key, last) = found.iter_mut().next_back().expect("Last element is always Some when count > 0");
last.pop();
if last.is_empty() { Some(key.clone()) } else { None }
};
if let Some(remove) = remove {
found.remove(&remove);
}
}
else {
count += 1;
}
}
}
let mut ret:Vec = Vec::new();
for nodes in found.values() {
ret.extend(nodes.iter().map(|&n| n.clone()));
}
ret
}
pub fn writable(&mut self, io: &IoContext) where Message: Send + Sync + Clone {
while let Some(data) = self.send_queue.pop_front() {
match self.udp_socket.send_to(&data.payload, &data.address) {
Ok(Some(size)) if size == data.payload.len() => {
},
Ok(Some(_)) => {
warn!("UDP sent incomplete datagramm");
},
Ok(None) => {
self.send_queue.push_front(data);
return;
}
Err(e) => {
debug!("UDP send error: {:?}, address: {:?}", e, &data.address);
return;
}
}
}
io.update_registration(self.token).unwrap_or_else(|e| debug!("Error updating discovery registration: {:?}", e));
}
fn send_to(&mut self, payload: Bytes, address: SocketAddr) {
self.send_queue.push_back(Datagramm { payload: payload, address: address });
}
pub fn readable(&mut self, io: &IoContext) -> Option where Message: Send + Sync + Clone {
let mut buf: [u8; MAX_DATAGRAM_SIZE] = unsafe { mem::uninitialized() };
let writable = !self.send_queue.is_empty();
let res = match self.udp_socket.recv_from(&mut buf) {
Ok(Some((len, address))) => self.on_packet(&buf[0..len], address).unwrap_or_else(|e| {
debug!("Error processing UDP packet: {:?}", e);
None
}),
Ok(_) => None,
Err(e) => {
debug!("Error reading UPD socket: {:?}", e);
None
}
};
let new_writable = !self.send_queue.is_empty();
if writable != new_writable {
io.update_registration(self.token).unwrap_or_else(|e| debug!("Error updating discovery registration: {:?}", e));
}
res
}
fn on_packet(&mut self, packet: &[u8], from: SocketAddr) -> Result