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done with editing the blog finaly

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content/blog/panty-distribution.rst
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:date: Jun 29, 2014
:slug: panty-distribution
:summary: In May, we told you about an incredible synergy of Star Wars (http://www.501st.com/), Roller Derby (http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby....
:summary: In May, we told you about an incredible synergy of Star Wars (http://www.501st.com/), Roller Derby
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<iframe width="740" height="416" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Phd5lBxF-3s" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
@ -20,14 +22,6 @@ In May, we told you about an incredible synergy of Star Wars (http://www.501st.c
In May, we told you about an incredible synergy of Star Wars (http://www.501st.com/), Roller Derby (http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/), and amazing, concerned, generous people that generated more than $1300 and 363 pairs of panties. Thanks to all of you who made this a reality!
In May, we told you about an incredible synergy of Star Wars (http://www.501st.com/), Roller Derby (http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/), and amazing, concerned, generous people that generated more than $1300 and 363 pairs of panties. Thanks to all of you who made this a reality!
`http://www.501st.com/ <http://www.501st.com/>`_ `http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/ <http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/>`_
In June, we put that money and those panties to use. Given Koru-Kenya’s strong ties to Bangladesh, Kenya and the great need there, we were able to reach out to 363 girls in the informal settlement. It’s difficult to properly convey the challenges faced by these schools, their administration, teachers, and students. Two schools rest on a cliff side overlooking what remains of a gorgeous mangrove forest on a salt water creek. Unfortunately for them, erosion is a constant threat to the integrity of the school, which could be washed away by a strong rain.

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.. image:: images/blog/permaculture-school1.webp

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@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Community Currency usage over time.(Average daily amount of CC usage). We find t
.. image:: images/blog/preliminary-research120.webp
.. image:: images/blog/preliminary-research1.webp
@ -160,21 +160,6 @@ Community Currency usage over time.(Average daily amount of CC usage). We find t
#survey #sarafu
`#survey <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/survey>`_
#survey
`#sarafu <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/sarafu>`_
#sarafu
`#survey <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/survey>`_ `#sarafu <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/sarafu>`_

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.. image:: images/blog/progress-in1.webp
@ -34,12 +34,6 @@ One of our partner programs in South Africa was recently featured on the news.
Click here to read the full story: http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Kokstad-cu...
` http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Kokstad-cu... <http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Kokstad-currency-proposed-20150429>`_
Click here for the follow-up story after a visit from our team: http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Community-...
` http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Community-... <http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Local/East-Griqualand-Fever/Community-currency-pioneer-talks-to-business-owners-20150521>`_

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.. image:: images/blog/proof-of18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/proof-of1.webp
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In 2010 - 9 years ago - we started printing paper notes and giving them out to community members as mutual-credit vouchers (community currencies) for each other’s goods and services. There isn't enough national currency in these underserved communities, yet there is an abundance of goods and services on offer – with no money to trade it with.
**In 2010 - 9 years ago - we started printing paper notes and giving them out to community members as mutual-credit vouchers (community currencies) for each other’s goods and services. There isn't enough national currency in these underserved communities, yet there is an abundance of goods and services on offer – with no money to trade it with.**
In 2010 - 9 years ago - we started printing paper notes and giving them out to community members as mutual-credit vouchers (community currencies) for each other’s goods and services. There isn't enough national currency in these underserved communities, yet there is an abundance of goods and services on offer – with no money to trade it with.
In 2010 - **9 years ago** - we started printing paper notes and giving them out to community members as mutual-credit vouchers (community currencies) for each other’s goods and services. There isn't enough national currency in these underserved communities, yet there is an abundance of goods and services on offer – with no money to trade it with.
@ -61,48 +54,21 @@ Now community currencies are created cryptographically as tokens on the POA.netw
With this data we can now tell how much trade is possible in the absence or lack of National Currency and we’re just seeing the tip of the iceberg of what human potential could look like if not constrained by a scarce medium of exchange.
**With this data we can now tell how much trade is possible in the absence or lack of National Currency and we’re just seeing the tip of the iceberg of what human potential could look like if not constrained by a scarce medium of exchange.**
With this data we can now tell how much trade is possible in the absence or lack of National Currency and we’re just seeing the **tip of the iceberg of what human potential could look like if not constrained by a scarce medium of exchange.**
In the last month we’ve just begun digitizing our paper based community currencies and created an initial 382 blockchain wallets among school teachers, fruit sellers, salons, boda boda operators and many more **(growing at roughly 100 wallets a week)**.
In the last month we’ve just begun digitizing our paper based community currencies and created an initial 382 blockchain wallets among school teachers, fruit sellers, salons, boda boda operators and many more (growing at roughly 100 wallets a week).
**In the last month we’ve just begun digitizing our paper based community currencies and created an initial 382 blockchain wallets among school teachers, fruit sellers, salons, boda boda operators and many more (growing at roughly 100 wallets a week).**
.. image:: images/blog/proof-of82.webp
**How it works: Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - with no internet needed (via our own open source USSD systems).**
How it works: Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - with no internet needed (via our own open source USSD systems).
**How it works:** Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - `with no internet needed <http://youtu.be/UqobcADSUTQ>`_ (via our own open source USSD systems).
How it works: Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - with no internet needed (via our own open source USSD systems).
How it works: Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - with no internet needed (via our own open source USSD systems).
How it works: Each user receives roughly $4USD of tokens with a soft-pegged value to the National currency – but no exchangeability whatsoever for National currency. The tokens are exchangable solely by the goods and services of the community members – like a circulating communal voucher. People trade their tokens on feature phones - with no internet needed (via our own open source USSD systems).
`with no internet needed <http://youtu.be/UqobcADSUTQ>`_
Beyond our usual physical surveys; to verify impacts based on blockchain data, each transaction is matched to the goods and services being offered on that wallet ID then aggregated to for a confidence score to verify impacts on various Sustainable Development Goals such as education and food security.
**Beyond our usual physical surveys; to verify impacts based on blockchain data, each transaction is matched to the goods and services being offered on that wallet ID then aggregated to for a confidence score to verify impacts on various Sustainable Development Goals such as education and food security.**
Beyond our usual physical surveys; to verify impacts based on blockchain data, each transaction is matched to the goods and services being offered on that wallet ID then aggregated to for a confidence score to verify impacts on various Sustainable Development Goals such as education and food security.
Beyond our usual physical surveys; **to verify impacts based on blockchain data**, each transaction is matched to the goods and services being offered on that wallet ID then aggregated to for a confidence score to verify impacts on various Sustainable Development Goals such as education and food security.
We are also implementing a negative interest rate (demurrage) that causes the tokens to migrate over time to a community fund that is redistributed as a basic income.
@ -113,19 +79,12 @@ We are also implementing a negative interest rate (demurrage) that causes the t
These community currencies are generally not financially preferable to National Currency because of their limited acceptability and unconvertability to fiat - yet because Kenyan Shillings are in such chronic short supply; over the last month we have seen transactions totaling $9,652 USD in value among 5 communities in disperse informal settlements (slums) across Kenya. This is amazing and not what you will find in typical economics textbooks.
**These community currencies are generally not financially preferable to National Currency because of their limited acceptability and unconvertability to fiat - yet because Kenyan Shillings are in such chronic short supply; over the last month we have seen transactions totaling $9,652 USD in value among 5 communities in disperse informal settlements (slums) across Kenya. This is amazing and not what you will find in typical economics textbooks.**
These community currencies are generally not financially preferable to National Currency because of their limited acceptability and unconvertability to fiat - yet because Kenyan Shillings are in such chronic short supply; over the last month we have seen transactions totaling $9,652 USD in value among 5 communities in disperse informal settlements (slums) across Kenya. This is amazing and not what you will find in typical economics textbooks.
These community currencies are generally **not** financially preferable to National Currency because of their limited acceptability and unconvertability to fiat - yet because Kenyan Shillings are in such chronic short supply; over the last month we have seen transactions totaling $9,652 USD in value among 5 communities in disperse informal settlements (slums) across Kenya. This is amazing and not what you will find in typical economics textbooks.
What does this mean?
**What does this mean?**
**What does this mean?**
These informal settlements are very large (over 100k people minimally) and we haven’t even reached 1% of one community yet - but let’s say we had (and will very soon); then at full capacity, one community, in one month, should be able to increase their trade by more than $200,000. USD!
@ -136,41 +95,16 @@ These informal settlements are very large (over 100k people minimally) and we ha
If after only a month of pilot trading, $10k of circulation can be seen. It means an end to poverty, as we know it, is possible through the redesign of our economic systems. Money, for lack of a better word, can be created by people in underserved and marginalized areas, backed by their own goods and services.
**If after only a month of pilot trading, $10k of circulation can be seen. It means an end to poverty, as we know it, is possible through the redesign of our economic systems. Money, for lack of a better word, can be created by people in underserved and marginalized areas, backed by their own goods and services.**
If after only a month of pilot trading, $10k of circulation can be seen. It means an end to poverty, as we know it, is possible through the redesign of our economic systems. Money, for lack of a better word, can be created by people in underserved and marginalized areas, backed by their own goods and services.
If after only a month of pilot trading, $10k of circulation can be seen. **It means an end to poverty, as we know it, is possible through the redesign of our economic systems**. Money, for lack of a better word, can be created by people in underserved and marginalized areas, backed by their own goods and services.
To put it in perspective a transaction of these Liquid Community Currencies valuing only:
To put it in perspective a transaction of these Liquid Community Currencies valuing only:
To put it in perspective a transaction of these Liquid Community Currencies valuing only:
* USD $0.20, is a meal being eaten, when before someone was going hungry.
* USD $3.00 is enough to pay for a term of school tuition fees.
By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity), we can enable vast supply and vast demand to meet and unlock trade that provides food security and education.
**By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity), we can enable vast supply and vast demand to meet and unlock trade that provides food security and education.**
By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity), we can enable vast supply and vast demand to meet and unlock trade that provides food security and education.
**By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity), we can enable vast supply and vast demand to meet and unlock trade that provides food security and education.**
* USD $0.20, is a meal being eaten, when before someone was going hungry.
* USD $3.00 is enough to pay for a term of school tuition fees.
By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity), we can enable vast supply and vast demand to meet and unlock trade that provides food security and education.
@ -179,8 +113,8 @@ By simply providing a means of exchange (liquidity for underutilized capacity),
**"If this doesn’t show that poverty is a systemic symptom of a poor monetary system**
**– I don’t know what could." - Prof. Ester Barinaga Lund University**
**"If this doesn’t show that poverty is a systemic symptom of a poor monetary system**
**– I don’t know what could." - Prof. Ester Barinaga Lund University**
@ -199,74 +133,25 @@ As a non-profit foundation we are seeking support on all sides to make sure thes
Please `support <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/get-involved>`_ Grassroots Economics Foundation.
Please support Grassroots Economics Foundation.
Please support Grassroots Economics Foundation.
`support <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/get-involved>`_
Beyond making a donation – no matter how small – please also consider supporting in other ways:
We need all manner of volunteers, programmers, community managers, tech support, data analysts, field support, educational videos and materials and so on. Contact us.
We need all manner of volunteers, programmers, community managers, tech support, data analysts, field support, educational videos and materials and so on.
`Contact us. <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/contact>`_.
`Contact us. <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/contact>`_
**Here is to a wonderful 2019!**
#proofofimpact #blockchain #digitalcurrency #communitycurrency #donate #volunteer
**Here is to a wonderful 2019!**
#proofofimpact #blockchain #digitalcurrency #communitycurrency #donate #volunteer
`#proofofimpact <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/proofofimpact>`_ `#blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/blockchain>`_ `#communitycurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrency>`_ `#donate <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/donate>`_ `#volunteer <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/volunteer>`_
#proofofimpact #blockchain #digitalcurrency #communitycurrency #donate #volunteer
#proofofimpact #blockchain #digitalcurrency #communitycurrency #donate #volunteer
#proofofimpact #blockchain #digitalcurrency #communitycurrency #donate #volunteer
`#proofofimpact <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/proofofimpact>`_
#proofofimpact
`#blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/blockchain>`_
#blockchain
`#digitalcurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/digitalcurrency>`_
#digitalcurrency
`#communitycurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrency>`_
#communitycurrency
`#donate <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/donate>`_
#donate
`#volunteer <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/volunteer>`_
#volunteer

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.. raw:: html
<iframe width="740" height="416" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/z4l3-_yub5A" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
@ -36,14 +38,9 @@ Community Currencies bring together networks of mainly women-run small businesse
Please consider making a donation or connecting us with people that can help spread these programs to places like Katwe.
Please consider making a `donation <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/get-involved>`_ or connecting us with people that can help spread these programs to places like Katwe.
Please consider making a donation or connecting us with people that can help spread these programs to places like Katwe.
`donation <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/get-involved>`_

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.. image:: images/blog/recommoning--18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/recommoning--1.webp
@ -16,123 +16,63 @@ Traditional women’s groups (chama in Kiswahili) come together to save and give
We are learning together about this absolutely virtuous cycle of ReCommoning where communities learn from mistakes and bring themselves together around common goals and problems!
**We are learning together about this absolutely virtuous cycle of ReCommoning where communities learn from mistakes and bring themselves together around common goals and problems!**
We are learning together about this absolutely virtuous cycle of **ReCommoning** where communities learn from mistakes and bring themselves together around common goals and problems!
We are learning together about this absolutely virtuous cycle of ReCommoning where communities learn from mistakes and bring themselves together around common goals and problems!
**Currencies: What if a group created their own credit not with just national currency backing but with commitments of goods and services as well? What if they still put in at least 25% collateral behind that (instead of 100% as they do now) and bonded it to the credit – such that anyone could add to the collateral to create more credit – and anyone could liquidate their credit to pull out the collateral.**
Currencies: What if a group created their own credit not with just national currency backing but with commitments of goods and services as well? What if they still put in at least 25% collateral behind that (instead of 100% as they do now) and bonded it to the credit – such that anyone could add to the collateral to create more credit – and anyone could liquidate their credit to pull out the collateral.
**Currencies**: What if a group created their own credit not with just national currency backing but with commitments of goods and services as well? What if they still put in at least 25% collateral behind that (instead of 100% as they do now) and bonded it to the credit – such that anyone could add to the collateral to create more credit – and anyone could liquidate their credit to pull out the collateral.
We call this sort of credit system a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) – or Sarafu ('currency' in Kiswahili as it is called in Kenya).
**We call this sort of credit system a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) – or Sarafu ('currency' in Kiswahili as it is called in Kenya).**
We call this sort of credit system a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) – or Sarafu ('currency' in Kiswahili as it is called in Kenya).
We call this sort of credit system a **Community Inclusion Currency (CIC)** – or Sarafu ('currency' in Kiswahili as it is called in Kenya).
So far no one has built explicit debt reboots into CICs (blockchain based smart contracts)– but they do have some intrinsic ability to be steered socially into cyclical motifs - just as traditional groups have been cooperativley steering their chamas.
**So far no one has built explicit debt reboots into CICs (blockchain based smart contracts)– but they do have some intrinsic ability to be steered socially into cyclical motifs - just as traditional groups have been cooperativley steering their chamas.**
So far no one has built explicit debt reboots into CICs (blockchain based smart contracts)– but they do have some intrinsic ability to be steered socially into cyclical motifs - just as traditional groups have been cooperativley steering their chamas.
So far no one has built explicit debt reboots into CICs (blockchain based smart contracts)– but they do have some intrinsic ability to be steered socially into **cyclical motifs** - just as traditional groups have been cooperativley steering their chamas.
Based on action research done with community group participation this social function has been imagined to work something like this and will be tested over the next years:
**Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.**
**Setup:** A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.
Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.
**Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.**
Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.
**Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.**
Setup: A community group or chama puts in $1000 USD worth of digital asset into a reserve – which I’ll often call a collateral fund. The same community also commits to accepting (aka redeeming) 4,000 tokens 1:1 with 1$ USD for their goods and services. With this contract solidified (on and off chain): they create 4000 CIC (called locally X1 chama tokens) and 2000 (50%) of those tokens go to the liquidity providers (who contributed reserve and commitments) and 2000 go to voted on community projects with designated account holders that pay for things like communal farming and elderly care.
**Trade: The CIC issuers here (a group of women running local businesses) trade with eachother to buy from eachother, they can also cash out (liquidate) their CIC for Kenyan Shillings – this will lower the excahnge value each time. The issuers are responsible to accept back as much as they use/spend- (a.k.a keeping a zero or neutral trade balance).**
Trade: The CIC issuers here (a group of women running local businesses) trade with eachother to buy from eachother, they can also cash out (liquidate) their CIC for Kenyan Shillings – this will lower the excahnge value each time. The issuers are responsible to accept back as much as they use/spend- (a.k.a keeping a zero or neutral trade balance).
**Trade:** The CIC issuers here (a group of women running local businesses) trade with eachother to buy from eachother, they can also cash out (liquidate) their CIC for Kenyan Shillings – this will lower the excahnge value each time. The issuers are responsible to accept back as much as they use/spend- (a.k.a keeping a zero or neutral trade balance).
Other community members not part of the creation process may choose to work or sell goods for the CICs. By the end of the year the community fund of the CIC should be depleted. That means people in the community have done work for the commons and been rewarded fairly for it - they can then use these tokens to buy from eachother or committed goods and services from the issuers or liquidate their tojkens to pull out collateral.
**Other community members not part of the creation process may choose to work or sell goods for the CICs. By the end of the year the community fund of the CIC should be depleted. That means people in the community have done work for the commons and been rewarded fairly for it - they can then use these tokens to buy from eachother or committed goods and services from the issuers or liquidate their tojkens to pull out collateral.**
Other community members not part of the creation process may choose to work or sell goods for the CICs. By the end of the year the community fund of the CIC should be depleted. That means people in the community have done work for the commons and been rewarded fairly for it - they can then use these tokens to buy from eachother or committed goods and services from the issuers or liquidate their tojkens to pull out collateral.
Other community members not part of the creation process may choose to work or sell goods for the CICs. By the end of the year the community fund of the CIC should be depleted. That means people in the community have done **work for the commons and been rewarded fairly for it** - they can then use these tokens to buy from eachother or committed goods and services from the issuers or liquidate their tojkens to pull out collateral.
.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to reCommon and clear debts and choose new community projects and governance. How can this bedone with a CIC?
**.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to reCommon and clear debts and choose new community projects and governance. How can this bedone with a CIC?**
.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to reCommon and clear debts and choose new community projects and governance. How can this bedone with a CIC?
**.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to reCommon and clear debts and choose new community projects and governance. How can this bedone with a CIC?**
.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to reCommon and clear debts and choose new community projects and governance. How can this bedone with a CIC?
**Cycle: Given the flexibility of smart contract protocols the chama can choose to reCommon the CIC by pooling their CIC back together and pulling out the reserve. They then put this reserve into a new CIC (called locally X2 chama tokens). Again say ~$1,000 dollars is in the X2 token chama reserve and they again commit to accepting $4,000 worth of goods and services for these tokens (pegging them to the national currency). Of these 4,000 X2 tokens that are created, 50% are again distributed to the contributing chama members and 50% is for this years community projects.**
Cycle: Given the flexibility of smart contract protocols the chama can choose to reCommon the CIC by pooling their CIC back together and pulling out the reserve. They then put this reserve into a new CIC (called locally X2 chama tokens). Again say ~$1,000 dollars is in the X2 token chama reserve and they again commit to accepting $4,000 worth of goods and services for these tokens (pegging them to the national currency). Of these 4,000 X2 tokens that are created, 50% are again distributed to the contributing chama members and 50% is for this years community projects.
**Cycle: Given the flexibility of smart contract protocols the chama can choose to reCommon the CIC by pooling their CIC back together and pulling out the reserve. They then put this reserve into a new CIC (called locally X2 chama tokens). Again say ~$1,000 dollars is in the X2 token chama reserve and they again commit to accepting $4,000 worth of goods and services for these tokens (pegging them to the national currency). Of these 4,000 X2 tokens that are created, 50% are again distributed to the contributing chama members and 50% is for this years community projects.**
Cycle: Given the flexibility of smart contract protocols the chama can choose to reCommon the CIC by pooling their CIC back together and pulling out the reserve. They then put this reserve into a new CIC (called locally X2 chama tokens). Again say ~$1,000 dollars is in the X2 token chama reserve and they again commit to accepting $4,000 worth of goods and services for these tokens (pegging them to the national currency). Of these 4,000 X2 tokens that are created, 50% are again distributed to the contributing chama members and 50% is for this years community projects.
.... And impotantly, now that the year is over the Chama needs to **reCommon** and **clear debts and choose new community projects and governance**. How can this bedone with a CIC?
**Cycle:** Given the flexibility of smart contract protocols the chama **can choose to reCommon the CIC** by pooling their CIC back together and pulling out the reserve. They then put this reserve into a new CIC (called locally X2 chama tokens). Again say ~$1,000 dollars is in the X2 token chama reserve and they again commit to accepting $4,000 worth of goods and services for these tokens (pegging them to the national currency). Of these 4,000 X2 tokens that are created, 50% are again distributed to the contributing chama members and 50% is for this years community projects.
This combined with the typical yearly chama cycle on debt and governance rebooting creates a virtuous reCommoning cycle.
**Issues:**
* How are commitments and trade balance for the CIC issuers maintained? Since the system is on a public ledger the address of who has spent all their CIC but not accepted any back – is public knowledge.
* What about the X1 tokens that are not liquidated? What happens as X1 and X2 tokens co-exist? This is similar in a way to forking code. X1 and X2 though are by definition able to connect and trade with each other. X1 has the possibility to re-absorb the reserve behind X2 just as X2 has the ability to pull the reserve out of X1. This could form into a natural balance – such as with 2 villages near each other both creating Y1 and X1.
**Issues:**
* **How are commitments and trade balance for the CIC issuers maintained?** Since the system is on a public ledger the address of who has spent all their CIC but not accepted any back – is public knowledge.
* **What about the X1 tokens that are not liquidated? What happens as X1 and X2 tokens co-exist?** This is similar in a way to forking code. X1 and X2 though are by definition able to connect and trade with each other. X1 has the possibility to re-absorb the reserve behind X2 just as X2 has the ability to pull the reserve out of X1. This could form into a natural balance – such as with 2 villages near each other both creating Y1 and X1.
Since any chama can make another CIC out of an existing CIC (including their own). The eco-system of these currencies is extremely potent in its potential to create a patchwork of resilent decentralized economic systems.
Note that practically in our (USSD mobile phone based – no internet needed) wallet we encourage users to have auto-convert on- such that they choose their home token – which will be the one that any incoming CIC will be (auto) converted to. Hence users can at anytime choose which CIC they wish to be holding.
*Note that practically in our (USSD mobile phone based – no internet needed) wallet we encourage users to have auto-convert on- such that they choose their home token – which will be the one that any incoming CIC will be (auto) converted to. Hence users can at anytime choose which CIC they wish to be holding.*
Note that practically in our (USSD mobile phone based – no internet needed) wallet we encourage users to have auto-convert on- such that they choose their home token – which will be the one that any incoming CIC will be (auto) converted to. Hence users can at anytime choose which CIC they wish to be holding.
Note that practically in our (USSD mobile phone based – no internet needed) wallet we encourage users to have *auto-convert on-* such that they choose their home token – which will be the one that any incoming CIC will be (auto) converted to. Hence users can at anytime choose which CIC they wish to be holding.
This is such a rich field - I should also mention there is a HUGE variable space here on building Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) for voting systems, commitement contracts, CIC creation, cycles etc, as well as variations to the bonding curve equations.
**What do you think?**
* On the idea of having micro-economies with connected corresponding micro-currencies created in this way, and having a natural life cycle?
* Is this truley a mutual credit among the creators? Can anyone choose to take part in it in the 1st or second or 3rd cycles?
* Is this a good, efficent, equitable, practial way to connect community currencies?
* What other reserves or baskets of reserves could communites hold for their CICs?
*These are a few of the many questions we are trying to find out together. Join us.*
**What do you think?**
* On the idea of having micro-economies with connected corresponding micro-currencies created in this way, and having a natural life cycle?
* Is this truley a mutual credit among the creators? Can anyone choose to take part in it in the 1st or second or 3rd cycles?
* Is this a good, efficent, equitable, practial way to connect community currencies?
* What other reserves or baskets of reserves could communites hold for their CICs?
*These are a few of the many questions we are trying to find out together. Join us.*
Contact us: info(@)grassecon.org

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:title: Recycling Debt (Kusaga Deni, Kubali Sarafu)
:author: Isavary Khabuqwi
:date: Mar 13
:date: Mar 13 2021
:slug: recycling-debt
:summary: Imagine having to endure constant reminders and threatening messages from predatory lenders your entire life. Imagine going out of...
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/recycling-debt18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/recycling-debt1.webp
@ -22,19 +22,11 @@ Imagine going out of business because you’ve loaned out too many of your produ
This is daily life here in Kenya
**Debtors suffer: People are taking on debts from payment apps, banks, shops, friends and family at a break-neck speed, because they see no other option. This is why we have millions Kenyans listed as loan defaulters by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and increasing suicide rates of debtors.**
Debtors suffer: People are taking on debts from payment apps, banks, shops, friends and family at a break-neck speed, because they see no other option. This is why we have millions Kenyans listed as loan defaulters by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and increasing suicide rates of debtors.
**Debtors suffer:** People are taking on debts from payment apps, banks, shops, friends and family at a break-neck speed, because they see no other option. This is why we have millions Kenyans listed as loan defaulters by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and increasing `suicide <https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/49839-cbk-steps-suicide-rates-rise-over-debts>`_ rates of debtors.
Debtors suffer: People are taking on debts from payment apps, banks, shops, friends and family at a break-neck speed, because they see no other option. This is why we have millions Kenyans listed as loan defaulters by the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and increasing suicide rates of debtors.
`suicide <https://www.kenyans.co.ke/news/49839-cbk-steps-suicide-rates-rise-over-debts>`_ **Lenders suffer: Not all lenders are predatory. When small businesses lend out their products they often never get paid back. They end up holding the debts of so many friends, family, neighbors that they go out of business. How much debt are you willing to hold for a friend, family, neighbor, colleague, acquaintance until they pay you back?**
Lenders suffer: Not all lenders are predatory. When small businesses lend out their products they often never get paid back. They end up holding the debts of so many friends, family, neighbors that they go out of business. How much debt are you willing to hold for a friend, family, neighbor, colleague, acquaintance until they pay you back?
**Lenders suffer:** Not all lenders are predatory. When small businesses lend out their products they often never get paid back. They end up holding the debts of so many friends, family, neighbors that they go out of business. How much debt are you willing to hold for a friend, family, neighbor, colleague, acquaintance until they pay you back?
@ -42,41 +34,25 @@ This situation creates what is known as economic gridlock (see video), strife an
As a woman in her thirties and a single mother by choice, I’ve endured poverty because my urgency for money makes me vulnerable to borrowing - but I would have never thought I would have found help from the Red Cross. I always thought the Kenya Red Cross Society helped with disasters only - but it turns, out they are helping fix the disaster of our economy as well, by building a public free infrastructure for sharing our collective value called Community Inclusion Currencies (Sarafu in Kenya). Sarafu is a community driven basic income that helps individuals and small businesses achieve a debt recycling lifestyle - ending economic gridlock. Call Kenya Red Cross toll free 0800-720-577 to learn more.
*As a woman in her thirties and a single mother by choice, I’ve endured poverty because my urgency for money makes me vulnerable to borrowing - but I would have never thought I would have found help from the Red Cross. I always thought the Kenya Red Cross Society helped with disasters only - but it turns, out they are helping fix the disaster of our economy as well, by building a public free infrastructure for sharing our collective value called Community Inclusion Currencies (Sarafu in Kenya). Sarafu is a community driven basic income that helps individuals and small businesses achieve a debt recycling lifestyle - ending economic gridlock. Call Kenya Red Cross toll free 0800-720-577 to learn more.*
**The fact is 2020 was a tough year! We discovered how to incorporate hunger into our food diet in order to achieve our dreams. After the debt streak most of us have suffered, are we still willing to come together to help each other escape the debt gridlock and the “rat race”?**
As a woman in her thirties and a single mother by choice, I’ve endured poverty because my urgency for money makes me vulnerable to borrowing - but I would have never thought I would have found help from the Red Cross. I always thought the Kenya Red Cross Society helped with disasters only - but it turns, out they are helping fix the disaster of our economy as well, by building a public free infrastructure for sharing our collective value called Community Inclusion Currencies (Sarafu in Kenya). Sarafu is a community driven basic income that helps individuals and small businesses achieve a debt recycling lifestyle - ending economic gridlock. *Call Kenya Red Cross toll free 0800-720-577 to learn more.*
The fact is 2020 was a tough year! We discovered how to incorporate hunger into our food diet in order to achieve our dreams. After the debt streak most of us have suffered, are we still willing to come together to help each other escape the debt gridlock and the “rat race”?
**Recycle Debt - accepting and using community driven basic income is a solution we can all get behind. Sarafu are created for each and every Kenyan that registers using any phone by dialing *384*96# Safaricom with no charges or *483*46# on other networks.**
Recycle Debt - accepting and using community driven basic income is a solution we can all get behind. Sarafu are created for each and every Kenyan that registers using any phone by dialing *384*96# Safaricom with no charges or *483*46# on other networks.
**Lenders are Heroes: When someone comes to you asking for a loan of money or product, ask them for Sarafu in return. Ensure that you hold a level that does not affect your business’ or personal financial flow and before you accept anymore, seek out your friends, families and debtors to help you spend it. This protects lenders form accruing too much debt and gives them away to spend their debt (kusaga deni).**
Lenders are Heroes: When someone comes to you asking for a loan of money or product, ask them for Sarafu in return. Ensure that you hold a level that does not affect your business’ or personal financial flow and before you accept anymore, seek out your friends, families and debtors to help you spend it. This protects lenders form accruing too much debt and gives them away to spend their debt (kusaga deni).
**Debtors support Lenders: Rather than keep asking for loans you can create your own Sarafu, which will help you purchase goods and services when you’re short of cash. Reach out to people that are generously holding Sarafu for work and accept it for your work and spend it among a network of your peers like is the case with Kilifi Kulture.**
Debtors support Lenders: Rather than keep asking for loans you can create your own Sarafu, which will help you purchase goods and services when you’re short of cash. Reach out to people that are generously holding Sarafu for work and accept it for your work and spend it among a network of your peers like is the case with Kilifi Kulture.
**The fact is 2020 was a tough year!** We discovered how to incorporate hunger into our food diet in order to achieve our dreams. After the debt streak most of us have suffered, are we still willing to come together to help each other escape the debt gridlock and the “rat race”?
Debtors support Lenders: Rather than keep asking for loans you can create your own Sarafu, which will help you purchase goods and services when you’re short of cash. Reach out to people that are generously holding Sarafu for work and accept it for your work and spend it among a network of your peers like is the case with Kilifi Kulture.
**Recycle Debt** - accepting and using community driven basic income is a solution we can all get behind. Sarafu are created for each and every Kenyan that registers using any phone by dialing x384x96# Safaricom with no charges or x483x46# on other networks.
`Kilifi Kulture <https://www.instagram.com/kilifikulture/>`_
**Lenders are Heroes:** When someone comes to you asking for a loan of money or product, ask them for Sarafu in return. Ensure that you hold a level that does not affect your business’ or personal financial flow and before you accept anymore, seek out your friends, families and debtors to help you spend it. This protects lenders form accruing too much debt and gives them away to spend their debt (kusaga deni).
**Debtors support Lenders:** Rather than keep asking for loans you can create your own Sarafu, which will help you purchase goods and services when you’re short of cash. Reach out to people that are generously holding Sarafu for work and accept it for your work and spend it among a network of your peers like is the case with `Kilifi Kulture <https://www.instagram.com/kilifikulture/>`_
.. image:: images/blog/recycling-debt129.webp
**Kusaga deni, kubali Sarafu! Refusing our old notion of debt and accepting the use of a basic income (Sarafu) is a viable solution in promoting circular trade to help the economy thrive. It’s quite easy to see a useful tool when you need it.**
Kusaga deni, kubali Sarafu! Refusing our old notion of debt and accepting the use of a basic income (Sarafu) is a viable solution in promoting circular trade to help the economy thrive. It’s quite easy to see a useful tool when you need it.
**Kusaga deni, kubali Sarafu!** Refusing our old notion of debt and accepting the use of a basic income (Sarafu) is a viable solution in promoting circular trade to help the economy thrive. It’s quite easy to see a useful tool when you need it.
@ -84,6 +60,6 @@ As someone who has suffered from financial depression, I maintained a routine th
Contact us to join a group of economic heroes in Kenya.
`Contact us to join a group of economic heroes in Kenya. <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/contact>`_
`Contact us to join a group of economic heroes in Kenya. <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/contact>`_

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:title: Red Cross CIC Pilot Survey - Mukuru Kenya
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: Sep 27, 2020
:slug: red-cross-cic
:modified: Sep 28, 2020
:summary: Staggering Impact: 169,270,038 Sarafu traded between 39,217 users in 267,479 transactions on a blockchain during stagnate markets.
:tags: results,survey,Red Cross
After several years of Community Inclusion Currencies (CICs) being used independently in post Red Cross and WFP intervention sites and a year of planning, Red Cross began to actively pilot the use of CICs in urban livelihoods programs in March 2020- which quickly turned into an improvised COVID response system. By May 2020 a Red Cross field survey was undertaken to understand the huge increase of CIC transaction data coming in.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross-cic1.webp
*Red Cross small group training session.*
The CIC implementation methodology included: (1) a disbursement of Sarafu (CIC) tokens to individuals and community groups in the urban settlement through training carried out by volunteer Community Based Disaster Response Teams. (2) Additional Sarafu distributed based on economic data. (3) Purchase of Sarafu using Mpesa from selected community groups and vendors. (4) Further training was given to community groups such that they may be able to create and use their own CIC in the future (this transition is planned for November 2020).
The general theory was that residents need a medium of exchange to support and trade with each other - especially when National Currency is getting more and more scarce. By distributing Sarafu and triggering additional Sarafu injections based on economic data - circulation via local trade and consumption can be incentivized and aid funds can be better targeted to multiply impacts.
The survey was carried out by Red Cross staff and volunteers:
* Date of Analysis: 25th to 30th May 2020
* Area of survey: Mukuru Kayaba (Pop. 83,000) (Pop of Sarafu users 4000)
* Number of respondent: Female 391, Male 228 Total: 619
* Goal: To understand the impact of Sarafu and give qualitative understanding of the statistics for users.
Brief Analysis:
Notably the survey shows significant increases of commerce, food consumption, impact on income, access to clean water, toilets, soap, clinics & medicine. On the negative side some users found it harder to restock their items, and found that merchants would inflate prices when accepting CIC.
Looking beyond the survey done in May - from transaction and demographic data we can look back at the year so far as follows:
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross97.webp
The above graph shows the trade volume and number of transactions daily for 2020. The peak of transactions occurred in April coinciding with the Red Cross pilot in Mukuru as well as COVID reactions starting. Peaks in enrollments (bottom orange lines) coincide with Red Cross (CBDRT) enrollment drives. Surprisingly the general shape in terms of volume and number of transactions has been fairly steady despite a moratorium on expansion at this pilot stage.
Note that while less than half of CIC users in Kenya are in Mukuru / Nairobi - similar increases in rural areas outside Nairobi are also seen - likely due to COVID awareness. Although the percentage of users in Mukuru is small comared to all of Kenya their trade number have been by far the highest - likely due to Red Cross' CBDRT involvement in helping teach users how to trade with one another for mutual aid.
**The impact in Nairobi's Mukuru settlement so far is impressive and represents roughly three quarters of the total usage in Kenya:** In Mukuru, we've seen 110,425,747 Sarafu traded between 7,678 users in 143,133 transactions on a blockchain. If equated to Kenyan Shillings in value, we have witnessed over $1,016,682 USD worth of trade of basic goods and services among vulnerable populations - at a time when the economy has been stagnate. This is based on a distribution of 4,745,211 Sarafu (~$43,688 USD) to vulnerable people in the area - seeing this entire amount changing hands so far ~23 times on average and categorized by gender, products and locations has given us a huge amount of insight into the nature and fragility of various markets.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross138.webp
*Typical Shop accepting the Sarafu CIC*
The next pilot stage, where community groups create their own CICs will be a return to where we were last November when groups were assisted to create their own currencies. For technical reasons we had to replace all the previous CICs with their reserve - a single CIC called Sarafu, which will again be used as a reserve for further CICs in the upcoming months.
While we continue to understand the long term impacts and sustainability in Mukuru and other areas, Red Cross is further expected to run a pilot in a new area to try and improve on these results. Should they be reproducible and sustainable we hope to see similar programs rolled out wherever Red Cross is dealing with crisis response and recovery. We're very excited!

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:title: Red Cross' Impact Continues Post Cash
:author: Caroline Dama
:date: Aug 10, 2019
:slug: red-cross-impact
:summary: "Community Currencies have enabled food insecure communities to sustainably feed themselves post Red Cross support" - Mwanamuna Sw
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross-impact1.webp
**"Community Currencies have enabled food insecure communities to sustainably feed themselves post Red Cross support" - Mwanamuna Swale**
Grassroots Economics has had the pleasure of working with Mwanamuna for the last 8 years across the Kinango sub-county. Red Cross had been engaged in a food insecurity relief program that involved paying groups of farmers to collectively farm in a Cash Transfer Program. For years Mwanamuna trained these groups of over 4000 farmers in the area and saw increased harvests and communal support.
While this program brought people together and provided years of needed food support, when the program funding from WFP began to run out Red Cross' ability to pay these farmers was coming to and end. They saw the need for a transition toward community self-financing and the communities led the way. One Mwanamuna's farming groups, the Miyani FDP (Food Distribution Point) Group began to adopt a method that was going on elsewhere on the coast of Kenya.
**They created their own Community Currency.**
Using a cooperative maize mill as focal point they began to issue vouchers for maize milling to community members to pay for the collective farming work. These vouchers began to circulate more and more while being accepted at more and more shops, schools, salons and so on, until they began to act as a community currency.
In late 2018 they replaced their paper vouchers for a feature phone based system that enabled their community currency to spread to the 20 neighboring villages!
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross67.webp
Today there are over `2000 users <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org/single-post/Looking-Back-at-40000-Blockchain-Transactions>`_ in the Kinango area using community currencies to trade with eachother for their basic needs. Users like Kwekwe (see photo), who runs her family business selling chapatis and the okra that her husband grows on their family land. National and community currency that she does not spend on basic needs is saved in the weekly chama (savings group) meetings.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross83.webp

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:title: Red Cross brings Community Currency to Kisauni
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: Apr 25
:date: Apr 25 2021
:slug: red-cross
:summary: The results of an introduction to community currency have changed economies and lives.
@ -8,26 +8,17 @@
Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by Bahero Mohamed through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.
*Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by Bahero Mohamed through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.*
Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (*Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau*) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by *Bahero Mohamed* through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.
Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by Bahero Mohamed through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.
*Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by Bahero Mohamed through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.*
Below are a compilation of Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) user stories from Grassroots Economics Field Support Engineers (Emmanuel Mbui, Amina Godana, Janet Akinyi and Joyce Kamau) supporting and working with Red Cross volunteers and community groups. Implementation with Red Cross volunteers led by Bahero Mohamed through door to door awareness raising and street theater began in January 2021. The following case studies are taken from the week of April 23rd 2021 and their successes continue to ripple out across the region. While Kisauni is only a small part of Kenya; through word-of-mouth over 50,000 households and small businesses in vulnerable areas have registered to be part of the Sarafu Network since 2020 and have traded roughly 3 Million USD of goods and services among each other using a blockchain ledger - on simple phones without the need for internet.
**By Emmanuel Mbui**
**By Emmanuel Mbui**
Economic imbalance, insecurity, dependency and luck of money are the challenges experienced by most people in Kisauni. Thanks to Red Cross, partnering with Grassroots economics foundation for introducing CICs, Community Inclusion Currency (locally Sarafu or 'currency' in Kisawhili); a medium of exchange that builds trust and unites members of a community. Sarafu helps people pool the locally available resources and provides a fair space for exchange within the community.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross34.webp
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross1.webp
@ -39,10 +30,6 @@ Jackton at his place of work in Manyani village accepts payment in sarafu for th
Jackton is not the only one who benefits from Sarafu, in the same village of Manyani, we meet another beneficiary. Victoria Kylo. The owner of a small Duka (shop) in the village, she joined the network and accepts a small percentage of the payment in Sarafu. Victoria is in the same trading circle with Jackton and other members. Victoria uses her Sarafu to buy mboga(vegetables) and services like repairing her clothes from Jackton and to buy cold water from their neighbor.
@ -53,7 +40,7 @@ The two have also manage to invite other people in by explaining how Sarafu work
Due to Covid 19 Pandemic and its effects on the economy at large, most of the people have not been able to cater for their basic needs. The ones greatly affected being the vulnerable in the community. A ray of hope was brought upon these communities with the introduction of Community Inclusion Currencies which helps them get their basic needs and has also helped them in minimizing debt collection which was a great challenge to them. Here are some testimonials from different users in different locations.
**By Amina Godana**
**By Amina Godana**
Mshomoroni Area in Mjambere Ward: Its an area where the local economy is not that sustainable this is because most of the young and able youths have engaged themselves in illegal activities such as theft and high level of insecurity in the area. This is due to financial trauma. This has however begun to change with the introduction of community inclusion currencies since anyone can accept and use Sarafu even when they do not have a business. He/she can offer services in the community and be paid with CIC and later spend on other business.
@ -90,7 +77,7 @@ Irene Matoke (pictured above): She runs a grocery kiosk she was introduced to th
Suleiman Mohammed (not pictured) where he sells Malimali (utensils and other stuff) he depends on that business to put food on the table he is delighted to be a member of sarafu since he can get his basic needs. He buys Fish from Mwanahamisi and she in turn buys utensils from him.
**By Janet Otieno Akinyi**
**By Janet Otieno Akinyi**
SARAFU CHANGING LIVES! Imagine being evicted from your house because of an accumulated rent arrears together with your 5 children. This is the sad story of Fatuma Mzee, a 35 year old residing in Mjambere, Kisauni, Mombasa Kenya of Sarafu.
@ -99,22 +86,22 @@ SARAFU CHANGING LIVES! Imagine being evicted from your house because of an accum
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross185.webp
*“My husband lost his work in 2016 and that pushed us to the toughest experiences ever in our lives. We struggled through different casual works just to put up with the bills-rent, fees,food,water and electricity. Life became even harder when our landlord could not tolerate us anymore, who would put up with 6 months arrears anyway? We were evicted!*
*My family decided to look for a smaller house. It is then that we moved to Mjambere. I have been here for 7 months. I started my Juice, Ice and Ice Cubes business. Through Sarafu I was able to provide at least one meal a day for my family.*
*In mid February 2021, I was lucky and overjoyed to know about Sarafu as it was introduced to my community. Through Sarafu, I have been able to unite with my neighbors, I’ve gained trust with them and this has enabled me to form my network of trade. I can easily get my basic needs from my network and the sales in my business have also increased. I’m grateful to Sarafu and I’m looking forward to referring more people to Sarafu so that I can grow my network.” Fatuma narrated.*
*“My husband lost his work in 2016 and that pushed us to the toughest experiences ever in our lives. We struggled through different casual works just to put up with the bills-rent, fees,food,water and electricity. Life became even harder when our landlord could not tolerate us anymore, who would put up with 6 months arrears anyway? We were evicted!*
*My family decided to look for a smaller house. It is then that we moved to Mjambere. I have been here for 7 months. I started my Juice, Ice and Ice Cubes business. Through Sarafu I was able to provide at least one meal a day for my family.*
*In mid February 2021, I was lucky and overjoyed to know about Sarafu as it was introduced to my community. Through Sarafu, I have been able to unite with my neighbors, I’ve gained trust with them and this has enabled me to form my network of trade. I can easily get my basic needs from my network and the sales in my business have also increased. I’m grateful to Sarafu and I’m looking forward to referring more people to Sarafu so that I can grow my network.” Fatuma narrated.*
Among the users in Fatuma’s network are:
* Ezline Chepkemboi: Ezline sells locally made detergents-jik,liquid soap and washing powders. Fatuma is no longer worried about her laundry since Ezline has her sorted. Ezline is also glad that she can get cold drinking water from Fatuma whenever the sun gets unbearably hot.
* Celly Jerotich: who just joined Fatuma’s network is so excited about the concept. A widow and a mother to 2 adorable daughters runs her grocery shop just adjacent to Fatuma’s place. Fatuma therefore has her grocery needs sorted and Celly is also glad to be receiving juice and detergents from Ezline and Fatuma.
* Rose Karimi: runs a small shop where she sells flour,rice,sugar,salt,cooking oil among other products. Talking to her about Sarafu,she was optimistic and happy that it was introduced to them. She stated that Sarafu has made it easier for them to get their basic needs. Karimi being in Fatuma’s network, is sure of getting products from other small vendors around her as she also allows them to buy from her in Sarafu.
* Linet Saru: is a new addition to Fatuma’s network. A single mother of two narrated that Sarafu will help her cub poverty as she feels more empowered to grow her local economy through her network. Linet is a fish vendor and she’s glad to have joined Fatuma’s network since they will all gain from one another using Sarafu.
* Ezline Chepkemboi: Ezline sells locally made detergents-jik,liquid soap and washing powders. Fatuma is no longer worried about her laundry since Ezline has her sorted. Ezline is also glad that she can get cold drinking water from Fatuma whenever the sun gets unbearably hot.
* Celly Jerotich: who just joined Fatuma’s network is so excited about the concept. A widow and a mother to 2 adorable daughters runs her grocery shop just adjacent to Fatuma’s place. Fatuma therefore has her grocery needs sorted and Celly is also glad to be receiving juice and detergents from Ezline and Fatuma.
* Rose Karimi: runs a small shop where she sells flour,rice,sugar,salt,cooking oil among other products. Talking to her about Sarafu,she was optimistic and happy that it was introduced to them. She stated that Sarafu has made it easier for them to get their basic needs. Karimi being in Fatuma’s network, is sure of getting products from other small vendors around her as she also allows them to buy from her in Sarafu.
* Linet Saru: is a new addition to Fatuma’s network. A single mother of two narrated that Sarafu will help her cub poverty as she feels more empowered to grow her local economy through her network. Linet is a fish vendor and she’s glad to have joined Fatuma’s network since they will all gain from one another using Sarafu.
I find it amazing how community inclusion currency (Sarafu) can support and sustain the long-term resilience of the marginalized communities like Mjambere! The initiative delivered to Kisauni by Kenya Red Cross Society,Danish Red Cross and Grassroots Economics Foundation has impacted Kisauni residence in a positive way as it has not only strengthened and supported the vulnerable households but also created unity within the community.
**By Joyce Kamau**
**By Joyce Kamau**
Mjambere is a community within Kisauni sublocation whose population includes people from the grassroots. When the pandemic struck most people from the community were already struggling to put food on the table. This is an example of vulnerable communities which live from hand to mouth.
@ -177,163 +164,6 @@ These small businesses are good examples of how people build trust amongst the
:title: Red Cross CIC Pilot Survey - Mukuru Kenya
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: Sep 27, 2020
:slug: red-cross
:modified: Sep 28, 2020
:summary: Staggering Impact: 169,270,038 Sarafu traded between 39,217 users in 267,479 transactions on a blockchain during stagnate markets.
:tags: results,survey,Red Cross
After several years of Community Inclusion Currencies (CICs) being used independently in post Red Cross and WFP intervention sites and a year of planning, Red Cross began to actively pilot the use of CICs in urban livelihoods programs in March 2020- which quickly turned into an improvised COVID response system. By May 2020 a Red Cross field survey was undertaken to understand the huge increase of CIC transaction data coming in.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross17.webp
*Red Cross small group training session.*
The CIC implementation methodology included: (1) a disbursement of Sarafu (CIC) tokens to individuals and community groups in the urban settlement through training carried out by volunteer Community Based Disaster Response Teams. (2) Additional Sarafu distributed based on economic data. (3) Purchase of Sarafu using Mpesa from selected community groups and vendors. (4) Further training was given to community groups such that they may be able to create and use their own CIC in the future (this transition is planned for November 2020).
The general theory was that residents need a medium of exchange to support and trade with each other - especially when National Currency is getting more and more scarce. By distributing Sarafu and triggering additional Sarafu injections based on economic data - circulation via local trade and consumption can be incentivized and aid funds can be better targeted to multiply impacts.
The survey was carried out by Red Cross staff and volunteers:
* Date of Analysis: 25th to 30th May 2020
* Area of survey: Mukuru Kayaba (Pop. 83,000) (Pop of Sarafu users 4000)
* Number of respondent: Female 391, Male 228 Total: 619
* Goal: To understand the impact of Sarafu and give qualitative understanding of the statistics for users.
Brief Analysis:
Notably the survey shows significant increases of commerce, food consumption, impact on income, access to clean water, toilets, soap, clinics & medicine. On the negative side some users found it harder to restock their items, and found that merchants would inflate prices when accepting CIC.
Looking beyond the survey done in May - from transaction and demographic data we can look back at the year so far as follows:
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross97.webp
The above graph shows the trade volume and number of transactions daily for 2020. The peak of transactions occurred in April coinciding with the Red Cross pilot in Mukuru as well as COVID reactions starting. Peaks in enrollments (bottom orange lines) coincide with Red Cross (CBDRT) enrollment drives. Surprisingly the general shape in terms of volume and number of transactions has been fairly steady despite a moratorium on expansion at this pilot stage.
Note that while less than half of CIC users in Kenya are in Mukuru / Nairobi - similar increases in rural areas outside Nairobi are also seen - likely due to COVID awareness. Although the percentage of users in Mukuru is small comared to all of Kenya their trade number have been by far the highest - likely due to Red Cross' CBDRT involvement in helping teach users how to trade with one another for mutual aid.
**The impact in Nairobi's Mukuru settlement so far is impressive and represents roughly three quarters of the total usage in Kenya: In Mukuru, we've seen 110,425,747 Sarafu traded between 7,678 users in 143,133 transactions on a blockchain. If equated to Kenyan Shillings in value, we have witnessed over $1,016,682 USD worth of trade of basic goods and services among vulnerable populations - at a time when the economy has been stagnate. This is based on a distribution of 4,745,211 Sarafu (~$43,688 USD) to vulnerable people in the area - seeing this entire amount changing hands so far ~23 times on average and categorized by gender, products and locations has given us a huge amount of insight into the nature and fragility of various markets.**
The impact in Nairobi's Mukuru settlement so far is impressive and represents roughly three quarters of the total usage in Kenya: In Mukuru, we've seen 110,425,747 Sarafu traded between 7,678 users in 143,133 transactions on a blockchain. If equated to Kenyan Shillings in value, we have witnessed over $1,016,682 USD worth of trade of basic goods and services among vulnerable populations - at a time when the economy has been stagnate. This is based on a distribution of 4,745,211 Sarafu (~$43,688 USD) to vulnerable people in the area - seeing this entire amount changing hands so far ~23 times on average and categorized by gender, products and locations has given us a huge amount of insight into the nature and fragility of various markets.
**The impact across Kenya is staggering: Overall across Kenya in 30 locations (predominately rural), we've seen 169,270,038 Sarafu traded between 39,217 users in 267,479 transactions on a blockchain via simple phones without internet access. If equated to Kenyan Shillings in value, we have witnessed over $1,560,382 USD worth of trade of basic goods and services among vulnerable populations - at a time when the economy has been stagnate. 16 Million Sarafu have been distributed (~$147,492 USD) across Kenya to reach this effect.**
The impact across Kenya is staggering: Overall across Kenya in 30 locations (predominately rural), we've seen 169,270,038 Sarafu traded between 39,217 users in 267,479 transactions on a blockchain via simple phones without internet access. If equated to Kenyan Shillings in value, we have witnessed over $1,560,382 USD worth of trade of basic goods and services among vulnerable populations - at a time when the economy has been stagnate. 16 Million Sarafu have been distributed (~$147,492 USD) across Kenya to reach this effect.
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross138.webp
*Typical Shop accepting the Sarafu CIC*
The next pilot stage, where community groups create their own CICs will be a return to where we were last November when groups were assisted to create their own currencies. For technical reasons we had to replace all the previous CICs with their reserve - a single CIC called Sarafu, which will again be used as a reserve for further CICs in the upcoming months.
While we continue to understand the long term impacts and sustainability in Mukuru and other areas, Red Cross is further expected to run a pilot in a new area to try and improve on these results. Should they be reproducible and sustainable we hope to see similar programs rolled out wherever Red Cross is dealing with crisis response and recovery. We're very excited!
**While we continue to understand the long term impacts and sustainability in Mukuru and other areas, Red Cross is further expected to run a pilot in a new area to try and improve on these results. Should they be reproducible and sustainable we hope to see similar programs rolled out wherever Red Cross is dealing with crisis response and recovery. We're very excited!**
:title: Red Cross' Impact Continues Post Cash
:author: Caroline Dama
:date: Aug 10, 2019
:slug: red-cross
:summary: "Community Currencies have enabled food insecure communities to sustainably feed themselves post Red Cross support" - Mwanamuna Sw
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross18.webp
**"Community Currencies have enabled food insecure communities to sustainably feed themselves post Red Cross support" - Mwanamuna Swale**
Grassroots Economics has had the pleasure of working with Mwanamuna for the last 8 years across the Kinango sub-county. Red Cross had been engaged in a food insecurity relief program that involved paying groups of farmers to collectively farm in a Cash Transfer Program. For years Mwanamuna trained these groups of over 4000 farmers in the area and saw increased harvests and communal support.
While this program brought people together and provided years of needed food support, when the program funding from WFP began to run out Red Cross' ability to pay these farmers was coming to and end. They saw the need for a transition toward community self-financing and the communities led the way. One Mwanamuna's farming groups, the Miyani FDP (Food Distribution Point) Group began to adopt a method that was going on elsewhere on the coast of Kenya.
**They created their own Community Currency.**
Using a cooperative maize mill as focal point they began to issue vouchers for maize milling to community members to pay for the collective farming work. These vouchers began to circulate more and more while being accepted at more and more shops, schools, salons and so on, until they began to act as a community currency.
In late 2018 they replaced their paper vouchers for a feature phone based system that enabled their community currency to spread to the 20 neighboring villages!
.. image:: images/blog/red-cross67.webp
Today there are over 2000 users in the Kinango area using community currencies to trade with eachother for their basic needs. Users like Kwekwe (see photo), who runs her family business selling chapatis and the okra that her husband grows on their family land. National and community currency that she does not spend on basic needs is saved in the weekly chama (savings group) meetings.
Today there are over 2000 users in the Kinango area using community currencies to trade with eachother for their basic needs. Users like Kwekwe (see photo), who runs her family business selling chapatis and the okra that her husband grows on their family land. National and community currency that she does not spend on basic needs is saved in the weekly chama (savings group) meetings.
`2000 users <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org/single-post/Looking-Back-at-40000-Blockchain-Transactions>`_
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:title: Refugee Economics in Kakuma Kenya
:author: Marcelin Munga Petro
:date: Feb 13
:date: Feb 13 2021
:slug: refugee-economics
:summary: Short description of FHE community based organization. dear sir/madam Greetings, I'm MARCELIN MUNGA PETRO a Congolese by nationality...
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
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@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
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.. image:: images/blog/refugee-inclusive1.webp
Responding to Refugee Crisis
**Responding to Refugee Crisis**
**Responding to Refugee Crisis**
@ -29,24 +29,9 @@ This is the current and biggest humanitarian global crisis in our lifetimes and
"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement.In a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - UNHCR
**"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement.In a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - UNHCR**
**"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record**. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of `movement.In <http://movement.In>`_ a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - `UNHCR <http://www.unhcr.org/figures-at-a-glance.html>`_
"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement.In a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - UNHCR
"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement.In a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - UNHCR
"We are now witnessing the highest levels of displacement on record. An unprecedented 70.8 million people around the world have been forced from home. Among them are nearly 25.9 million refugees, over half of whom are under the age of 18. There are also millions of stateless people who have been denied a nationality and access to basic rights such as education, healthcare, employment and freedom of movement.In a world where nearly 1 person is forcibly displaced every two seconds as a result of conflict or persecution" - UNHCR
`movement.In <http://movement.In>`_ `UNHCR <http://www.unhcr.org/figures-at-a-glance.html>`_
@ -58,47 +43,28 @@ Our dream is supporting social and economic inclusion of refugees worldwide by d
A short description of the program and technology can be found here:
A short description of the program and technology can be found `here <https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/ce30dd_c7bab99cc75a4c18a02137cfe6b5dd84.pdf>`_:
A short description of the program and technology can be found here:
`here <https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/ce30dd_c7bab99cc75a4c18a02137cfe6b5dd84.pdf>`_
.. image:: images/blog/refugee-inclusive64.webp
* Donations and Cash Transfer funds the initial reserve for the creation of RICCs tokens
* Red Cross, together with Grassroots Economics, works with a local community to ensure buy-in and understanding and trains local ambassadors who train users and distribute RICCs for local barter trade among regional communities.
* Local circulation of RICCs among and between communities enables economic development and integration while gathering evidence for those who should receive additional aid.
* KYC’ed users are able to convert RICCs to eMoney and the aid pool can be refilled through local and international support and investment.
**Previous Success with Grassroots Economics and Red Cross working to end Chronic Need:**
* Donations and Cash Transfer funds the initial reserve for the creation of RICCs tokens
* Red Cross, together with Grassroots Economics, works with a local community to ensure buy-in and understanding and trains local ambassadors who train users and distribute RICCs for local barter trade among regional communities.
* Local circulation of RICCs among and between communities enables economic development and integration while gathering evidence for those who should receive additional aid.
* KYC’ed users are able to convert RICCs to eMoney and the aid pool can be refilled through local and international support and investment.
|
**Previous Success with Grassroots Economics and Red Cross working to end Chronic Need:**
Grassroots Economics came in at the tail end of a Cash For Work program in (Red Cross Kwale-Kenya and WFP). We were invited into the existing Red Cross organized and trained group in Miyani Village and empowered them with the ability to create their own voucher system with the goal of continuing the Red Cross communal farming efforts. The vouchers (Miyani-Pesa) have enabled the community to pay their members to do the communal farming work in the same manner as Red Cross - and the community accepts the vouchers back in many locations (such as maize milling) - creating local circulation and economic development (going back to an economy that thrived over a hundred years in their culture pre-colonization). In the area around Miyani there are currently close to 2000 users of the Vouchers (now blockchain Tokens with the Bancor Protocol) trading roughly 500,000 Kenyan shillings a month for basic food security and other needs. The Miyani FDP (Food Distribution Point). Due to this work the Miyani Group that Red Cross developed and trained to do Cash For Work is the only one remaining in the entire county still doing their communal activities due.
**Grassroots Economics came in at the tail end of a Cash For Work program in (Red Cross Kwale-Kenya and WFP). We were invited into the existing Red Cross organized and trained group in Miyani Village and empowered them with the ability to create their own voucher system with the goal of continuing the Red Cross communal farming efforts. The vouchers (Miyani-Pesa) have enabled the community to pay their members to do the communal farming work in the same manner as Red Cross - and the community accepts the vouchers back in many locations (such as maize milling) - creating local circulation and economic development (going back to an economy that thrived over a hundred years in their culture pre-colonization). In the area around Miyani there are currently close to 2000 users of the Vouchers (now blockchain Tokens with the Bancor Protocol) trading roughly 500,000 Kenyan shillings a month for basic food security and other needs. The Miyani FDP (Food Distribution Point). Due to this work the Miyani Group that Red Cross developed and trained to do Cash For Work is the only one remaining in the entire county still doing their communal activities due.**
Grassroots Economics came in at the tail end of a Cash For Work program in (Red Cross Kwale-Kenya and WFP). We were invited into the existing Red Cross organized and trained group in Miyani Village and empowered them with the ability to create their own voucher system with the goal of continuing the Red Cross communal farming efforts. The vouchers (Miyani-Pesa) have enabled the community to pay their members to do the communal farming work in the same manner as Red Cross - and the community accepts the vouchers back in many locations (such as maize milling) - creating local circulation and economic development (going back to an economy that thrived over a hundred years in their culture pre-colonization). In the area around Miyani there are currently close to 2000 users of the Vouchers (now blockchain Tokens with the Bancor Protocol) trading roughly 500,000 Kenyan shillings a month for basic food security and other needs. The Miyani FDP (Food Distribution Point). **Due to this work the Miyani Group that Red Cross developed and trained to do Cash For Work is the only one remaining in the entire county still doing their communal activities due.**
#refugee #redcross #refugeecrisis
`#refugee <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/refugee>`_ `#redcross <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/redcross>`_ `#refugeecrisis <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/refugeecrisis>`_
#refugee #redcross #refugeecrisis
`#refugee <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/refugee>`_
#refugee
`#redcross <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/redcross>`_
#redcross
`#refugeecrisis <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/refugeecrisis>`_
#refugeecrisis

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.. image:: images/blog/regenerative-agriculture18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/regenerative-agriculture1.webp
The 17th of December 2020, I visited Syntropic Agroforestry demo plots with Wilfred Chibwara in Kwale which are utilizing community currency to support setup and maintenance and will be redeemed for food as harvest begin. Thanks to initial trainings by Roland van Reenen they have come a long way from when they started. Special thanks to Mwanaidi Ibrahim, Naduwa Mwero and Jacob Mwatumbi for all their hard work! Here are my observations and recommendations:
The 17th of December 2020, I visited Syntropic Agroforestry demo plots with Wilfred Chibwara in Kwale which are utilizing community currency to support setup and maintenance and will be redeemed for food as harvest begin. Thanks to initial trainings by `Roland <https://www.facebook.com/roland.vanreenen>`_ they have come a long way from when they `started <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/food-forests-and-syntropic-currencies>`_. Special thanks to Mwanaidi Ibrahim, Naduwa Mwero and Jacob Mwatumbi for all their hard work! Here are my observations and recommendations:
The 17th of December 2020, I visited Syntropic Agroforestry demo plots with Wilfred Chibwara in Kwale which are utilizing community currency to support setup and maintenance and will be redeemed for food as harvest begin. Thanks to initial trainings by Roland van Reenen they have come a long way from when they started. Special thanks to Mwanaidi Ibrahim, Naduwa Mwero and Jacob Mwatumbi for all their hard work! Here are my observations and recommendations:
The 17th of December 2020, I visited Syntropic Agroforestry demo plots with Wilfred Chibwara in Kwale which are utilizing community currency to support setup and maintenance and will be redeemed for food as harvest begin. Thanks to initial trainings by Roland van Reenen they have come a long way from when they started. Special thanks to Mwanaidi Ibrahim, Naduwa Mwero and Jacob Mwatumbi for all their hard work! Here are my observations and recommendations:
`Roland <https://www.facebook.com/roland.vanreenen>`_ `started <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/food-forests-and-syntropic-currencies>`_ **Visit to Miyani Syntropic Agroforestry Farm.**
**Visit to Miyani Syntropic Agroforestry Farm.**
In the first demo plot, besides the trees, bananas, and casava different crops were planted including maize, cucumber and okra. Currently, maize has matured and will be harvested soon! It is looking much better than nearby mono-cropped farms which we hope will soon adopt the technique. Cucumber and okra will also start producing in the coming weeks. A few more crops are now being planted including kale and capsicum but the planting is very sparse.
@ -43,14 +36,14 @@ Another tall crop such as sunflower should be planted to replace the maize. Sunf
Recommendations.
* Ensure that the soil is completely covered with thick mulch. This can be any type of plant matter be it grass, weeds and tree leaves. Cover the entire bed, on top and the sides. Secondly, mulch all the paths with logs and tree branches. Mulching will help preserve water in the soil and keep off weeds. Additionally, when the mulch decomposes it will add into the soil organic matter.
* Start planting a living hedge around the demo plots. This will act as a windbreak and a sunscreen to reduce the intensity of the sun. The plot is highly exposed to the elements and would result in slow growth of crops.
* Plant intensively and diverse crops in every space. Currently, only a few crops have been planted. These crops are also sparsely planted. This is not efficient use of space and water. Fill up all the empty spaces with different crops such as nitrogen fixers e.g cow peas (kunde) and pigeon peas (mbaazi), insect repellents such as dhania and lemon grass to keep away pests, flowering crops to attract pollinators and pest predators and increase the the number of biomass crops. These include vetiver grass, moringa, nappier grass and tithonia. This will ensure that there's continuous production of biomass which will be used to cover and build the soil.
* **Ensure that the soil is completely covered with thick mulch.** This can be any type of plant matter be it grass, weeds and tree leaves. Cover the entire bed, on top and the sides. Secondly, mulch all the paths with logs and tree branches. Mulching will help preserve water in the soil and keep off weeds. Additionally, when the mulch decomposes it will add into the soil organic matter.
* **Start planting a living hedge around the demo plots.** This will act as a windbreak and a sunscreen to reduce the intensity of the sun. The plot is highly exposed to the elements and would result in slow growth of crops.
* **Plant intensively and diverse crops in every space.** Currently, only a few crops have been planted. These crops are also sparsely planted. This is not efficient use of space and water. Fill up all the empty spaces with different crops such as nitrogen fixers e.g cow peas (kunde) and pigeon peas (mbaazi), insect repellents such as dhania and lemon grass to keep away pests, flowering crops to attract pollinators and pest predators and increase the the number of biomass crops. These include vetiver grass, moringa, nappier grass and tithonia. This will ensure that there's continuous production of biomass which will be used to cover and build the soil.
It takes a while to get accustomed to how intensely one can plant when coming from the usual mono-crop farming - Kai Njeri
It takes a while to get accustomed to how intensely one can plant when coming from the usual mono-crop farming - `Kai Njeri <https://www.linkedin.com/in/kainjeri555>`_
`Kai Njeri <https://www.linkedin.com/in/kainjeri555>`_
.. image:: images/blog/regenerative-agriculture103.webp
@ -58,7 +51,7 @@ It takes a while to get accustomed to how intensely one can plant when coming fr
In conclusion, the group has done a great job in starting up the projects. Seeing even this level of growth in a semi-arid environment that was classified as food-insecure is amazing. However, the groups will need support on the succession in the next round of crops and to continue monitoring. The motivation of the community given by accepting community currency will eventually be repaid with their ability to use it to purchase food from the farm. Motivation to continue maintaining the gardens is especially important during the first year of establishment. This is due to the fact that during the first year that's when most of the challenges crop up, such as pests and disease, crop failures and building of the soil.
**I look forward to supporting them through this journey!**
**I look forward to supporting them through this journey!**
Kind regards,
@ -67,4 +60,4 @@ Kind regards,
James Thiong'o
`Permaculture Design, Organic Farming and Regenerative Agriculture Consultant <https://www.linkedin.com/in/james-thiong-o-a206b3100/>`_
`Permaculture Design, Organic Farming and Regenerative Agriculture Consultant <https://www.linkedin.com/in/james-thiong-o-a206b3100/>`_

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@ -44,28 +44,6 @@ She’s a 49 year-old main provider for a household of 8, including 4 children.
Meet Rose Ouma!
She’s a 49 year-old main provider for a household of 8, including 4 children. She was born in Suba, in Western Province of Kenya, but she moved from her home upcountry and now she lives in Ganahola, another one of the communities where we are hoping to spread complementary currencies.
Meet Rose Ouma!
She’s a 49 year-old main provider for a household of 8, including 4 children. She was born in Suba, in Western Province of Kenya, but she moved from her home upcountry and now she lives in Ganahola, another one of the communities where we are hoping to spread complementary currencies.
Meet Rose Ouma!
She’s a 49 year-old main provider for a household of 8, including 4 children. She was born in Suba, in Western Province of Kenya, but she moved from her home upcountry and now she lives in Ganahola, another one of the communities where we are hoping to spread complementary currencies.
Meet Rose Ouma!
She’s a 49 year-old main provider for a household of 8, including 4 children. She was born in Suba, in Western Province of Kenya, but she moved from her home upcountry and now she lives in Ganahola, another one of the communities where we are hoping to spread complementary currencies.
Rose supports her large family selling “omena” which are small (about the size of a pen cap) dried fish which are a very popular source of protein and iron, often whole eaten deep fried or stewed. She sells one kilogram of omena for less than $2. On good days, she sells around $11 worth of omena. On bad days, she might only have one customer, selling only $2 worth of omena. On those days, Rose doesn’t earn enough money to pay for her families basic needs and some of her stock may rot or be eaten by her family, reducing her earning potential in the future.

27
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/retreat-and21.webp
.. image:: images/blog/retreat-and1.webp
@ -35,25 +35,16 @@ At the renewal event each active member could return up to 400 expired Bangla-Pe
Also in September was our first formal retreat/workshop with three Community Currency Trading Networks in Nairobi. The workshop had 30 attendees from the committees and key members and stakeholders from networks in Kibera (Lindi-Pesa), Kangemi (Kangemi-Pesa) and Kawangware (Gatina-Pesa) including Nyendo-lernen a program focused on schools in the area. The retreat covered:
Also in September was our first formal retreat/workshop with three Community Currency Trading Networks in Nairobi. The workshop had 30 attendees from the committees and key members and stakeholders from networks in Kibera (Lindi-Pesa), Kangemi (Kangemi-Pesa) and Kawangware (Gatina-Pesa) including Nyendo-lernen a program focused on schools in the area. The retreat covered:
Also in September was our first formal retreat/workshop with three Community Currency Trading Networks in Nairobi. The workshop had 30 attendees from the committees and key members and stakeholders from networks in Kibera (Lindi-Pesa), Kangemi (Kangemi-Pesa) and Kawangware (Gatina-Pesa) including Nyendo-lernen a program focused on schools in the area. The retreat covered:
* The current situation of Complementary and Community Currencies world wide
* Strategies for new business creation including permaculture based school gardens.
* Challenges and Discussion around Community Currency usage
* Sharing and examples from members and school groups on how Community Currency is being used effectively.
* Study of the user guide, field guide and directories
* Roles and responsibilities of Business Network Committees
* Savings and Loan programs
* Planning until the end of the year.
* The current situation of Complementary and Community Currencies world wide
* Strategies for new business creation including permaculture based school gardens.
* Challenges and Discussion around Community Currency usage
* Sharing and examples from members and school groups on how Community Currency is being used effectively.
* Study of the user guide, field guide and directories
* Roles and responsibilities of Business Network Committees
* Savings and Loan programs
* Planning until the end of the year.
Thanks for our guest speakers Guida Santos, Tristan Dissaux, Robin Gerbaux and Irmgard Wutte.

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@ -12,16 +12,6 @@ Last Sunday marked the culmination of partnerships with an unexpected collection
Last Sunday marked the culmination of partnerships with an unexpected collection of people who came together to support the education and reproductive health of school-aged girls in Kenya. The Oklahoma City Outlaws Roller Derby team (http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/), and the 501st Legion (http://www.501st.com/), a Star Wars fan club and charity/volunteer organization, can together for PANTY WARS.
Last Sunday marked the culmination of partnerships with an unexpected collection of people who came together to support the education and reproductive health of school-aged girls in Kenya. The Oklahoma City Outlaws Roller Derby team (http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/), and the 501st Legion (http://www.501st.com/), a Star Wars fan club and charity/volunteer organization, can together for PANTY WARS.
`http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/ <http://www.okcbankedtrackrollerderby.com/>`_ `http://www.501st.com/ <http://www.501st.com/>`_
Panty Wars was a special roller derby bout dedicated to collecting panties and funds for school girls in Kenya. While many school girls receive sanitary pads through the Government of Kenya, poor and vulnerable girls frequently lack panties in which to place sanitary pads. As a result, they miss about a week of school each month during their periods (read more here link). Derby Girls and the Star Wars fans alike objected to this unnecessary barrier to girls’ education, and they decided to do something about it.

18
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/rural-community1.webp
The Miyani area in Kenya has been identified by Red Cross and the World Food Program as food insecure for over 5 years. Red Cross along with WFP have been providing cash to the community and promoting agroforestry along with Green World Campaign. These programs have been wonderful but there has been little to no introduction of new businesses or jobs to really allow that cash to circulate in the community. Instead injections of cash into these areas quickly funnel back out of the area to do things like milling maize.
@ -52,21 +52,9 @@ Environmental Service Credits: In addition to creating a credit that moves throu
#communitycurrencies #foodsecurity #miyani
`#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_ `#foodsecurity <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/foodsecurity>`_ `#miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/miyani>`_
#communitycurrencies #foodsecurity #miyani
`#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#communitycurrencies
`#foodsecurity <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/foodsecurity>`_
#foodsecurity
`#miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/miyani>`_
#miyani

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@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/rural-miyani-pesa1.webp
@ -40,29 +40,8 @@ Environmental Service Credits: In addition to creating a credit that moves throu
#rural #maizebacked #miyani #communitycurrencies
#rural #maizebacked #miyani #communitycurrencies
`#rural <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/rural>`_ `#maizebacked <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/maizebacked>`_ `#miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/miyani>`_ `#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#rural #maizebacked #miyani #communitycurrencies
`#rural <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/rural>`_
#rural
`#maizebacked <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/maizebacked>`_
#maizebacked
`#miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/miyani>`_
#miyani
`#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#communitycurrencies

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content/blog/rural-sarafu.rst
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/rural-sarafu18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/rural-sarafu1.webp
@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ Rosemary Owino is a widow from Siaya village in Siaya County. She has wanted des
She was able to join a women's group (chama) called Kwe Kende - A group that trades and supports each other using Sarafu (a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) which is created and traded on a blockchain using simple feature phones with no internet). Through this chama, Rosemary has been able to find support within the network and she has been able to sell her fish in both Sarafu and Kenyan Shillings.
.. raw:: html
<iframe width="740" height="416" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fUZQGGlKZeY" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
Rosemary cites that Sarafu has created possibility for sustainable living within her community. Through Sarafu, her fish sales have increased and she has been able to save the Kenyan Shillings that she then uses to pay her children's school fee. She has also been able to meet her needs through getting other goods like: flour, tomatoes, vegetables, water and charcoal among other goods from the Sarafu users in her network.
@ -28,14 +33,10 @@ Rosemary is grateful to use Sarafu and says "It helps me practice the sharing ou
Overall the Sarafu Network of CIC users in Kenya is comprised primarily of 40,000 users in both urban and rural areas. Roughly 50% of the network is rural and has traded over 100Million Sarafu tokens this year (valued locally at roughly 1 Million USD of goods and services) between each other to offer basic support and trade goods and services. The majority of the trade is for contributions to chamas and church groups, food stuffs, farming and other labor. In October 2020 rural users traded over 8Million Sarafu among each other for food stuffs alone.
Overall the `Sarafu Network <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/sarafu-network>`_ of CIC users in Kenya is comprised primarily of 40,000 users in both urban and rural areas. Roughly 50% of the network is rural and has traded over 100Million Sarafu tokens this year (valued locally at roughly 1 Million USD of goods and services) between each other to offer basic support and trade goods and services. The majority of the trade is for contributions to chamas and church groups, food stuffs, farming and other labor. In October 2020 rural users traded over 8Million Sarafu among each other for food stuffs alone.
Overall the Sarafu Network of CIC users in Kenya is comprised primarily of 40,000 users in both urban and rural areas. Roughly 50% of the network is rural and has traded over 100Million Sarafu tokens this year (valued locally at roughly 1 Million USD of goods and services) between each other to offer basic support and trade goods and services. The majority of the trade is for contributions to chamas and church groups, food stuffs, farming and other labor. In October 2020 rural users traded over 8Million Sarafu among each other for food stuffs alone.
`Sarafu Network <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/sarafu-network>`_
The economic outlook in rural Kenya is not good right now; as less and less Kenyan Shillings reach rural areas markets have began to collapse. CICs like Sarafu help keep markets moving and communities together.

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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Communities can support each other and keep vital food systems and trade alive u
.. image:: images/blog/rural-villages24.webp
.. image:: images/blog/rural-villages1.webp
@ -29,23 +29,6 @@ Tsuma Njirai is a cereal seller at Makobeni village has been selling cow peas a
Jowa Omari has a barber shop in Vikolani village. He has been accepting Sarafu anytime someone comes to shave his head. Because of the pandemic, he is aware that most people are doing self quarantine hence he has decided to accept more Sarafu in his business of which he will later use the Sarafu to purchase goods from the same clients and also contribute to a community support group.
@ -68,37 +51,6 @@ Omar Katana is a tailor from Katundani Village. She has been accepting Sarafu in
#foodsecurity #covid19 #coronavirus #rural
#foodsecurity #covid19 #coronavirus #rural
#foodsecurity #covid19 #coronavirus #rural
`#foodsecurity <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/foodsecurity>`_
#foodsecurity
`#covid19 <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/covid19>`_
#covid19
`#coronavirus <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/coronavirus>`_
#coronavirus
`#rural <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/rural>`_
#rural
`#foodsecurity <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/foodsecurity>`_ `#covid19 <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/covid19>`_ `#rural <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/rural>`_

2
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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ We started these 3 groups back in 2015 in Kibera, Kangemi and Kawangware, and we
.. image:: images/blog/sarafu-cooperative30.webp
.. image:: images/blog/sarafu-cooperative1.webp

10
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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
:summary: We began the year by looking at our successes and challenges with five Kenyan community currencies in 2015. Out of this came the...
.. image:: images/blog/sarafu-credit-takes1.webp
@ -32,13 +32,7 @@ Permaculture Gardens in the schools of Bangladesh's Bangla-Pesa program near Mom
#permaculture #communitycurrencies
`#permaculture <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/permaculture>`_
`#permaculture <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/permaculture>`_ `#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#permaculture
`#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#communitycurrencies

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@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
This year started off intense then became insane starting in April and through it all the Grassroots Economics team, community groups and partners managed to do some amazing work to pull communities together to support each other during crisis.
` <http://dashboard.sarafu.network>`_
http://dashboard.sarafu.network
.. image:: images/blog/sarafu-network17.webp
.. image:: images/blog/sarafu-network1.webp
@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ We've reached nearly 90Million worth (~900,000 USD) of Community Inclusion Curre
While most Sarafu users are in rural areas such as Kwale, there has been a huge focus by the Red Cross in piloting in Mukuru since April (an informall settlement in Nairobi) and the results there speak for themselves with over 60Million Sarafu (~600,000 USD) traded among people trying to support eachother during Covid times. The cost of these programs is a very small fraction (roughly a 17X multiplier) of the impacts we are seeking and as they become more and more self-sustainable through village created CICs we expect this multiplier to just keep increasing. It's amazing!
While most Sarafu users are in rural areas such as Kwale, there has been a huge focus by the Red Cross in piloting in Mukuru since April (an informall settlement in Nairobi) and the results there speak for themselves with over 60Million Sarafu (~600,000 USD) traded among people trying to support eachother during Covid times. The cost of these programs is a very small fraction (roughly a 17X multiplier) of the impacts we are seeking and as they become more and more self-sustainable through village created CICs we expect this multiplier to just keep increasing. **It's amazing!**
**While most Sarafu users are in rural areas such as Kwale, there has been a huge focus by the Red Cross in piloting in Mukuru since April (an informall settlement in Nairobi) and the results there speak for themselves with over 60Million Sarafu (~600,000 USD) traded among people trying to support eachother during Covid times. The cost of these programs is a very small fraction (roughly a 17X multiplier) of the impacts we are seeking and as they become more and more self-sustainable through village created CICs we expect this multiplier to just keep increasing. It's amazing!**
**What's Going on!**
**What's Going on!**
The Sarafu token (CIC) was meant to be a short term solution. We merged 11 Community Currencies last year into the Sarafu token in order to move to a different set of software with the goal of open up communities to create their own tokens by February this year.... but we got delayed in terms of software development. Then Covid hit and we started distributing more and more Sarafu to the many many more people who wanted to using it to form barter networks.
@ -44,18 +44,22 @@ Right now we are working hard to enable these community groups shown above to cr
Economies around the world are in a state of shock, and collapse. Already fragile communities are really suffering already. Thank goodness there was a good harvest in Kenya this season - but it won't last long. We hope these tools will provide a public infrastructure that helps communities weather this crisis and thrive but the work needs a lot of support.
**What's Next?**
* We are making steps from Proof of Concept to supporting communities across Kenya and continuing to develop open source tools for communities around the world.
* As the groups collect their Sarafu this month and next inorder to create their own CICs we expect Sarafu trade to drop then multiple CIC trade to start in September/October. Excited to see the Sarafu token converted / liquidated and its reserve used as the seed (collateral pool) for over 40 CICs by the end of this year.
* On the tech side we are extremely excited about bloxberg.org and looking at bridging all kinds of potential reserve tokens like XCHF.
`bloxberg.org <http://bloxberg.org>`_ `XCHF <https://www.swisscryptotokens.ch/buy-sell-xchf/>`_ * Expanding on and helping the greater world in understanding the basic Potluck model of CIC creation as it is used in Kenyan villages and potentially far beyond.
`Potluck <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/how-to-host-a-currency-potluck>`_ **What we need!**
* Programmers! See our GitLab. (also some good links there for training materials)
`GitLab <https://gitlab.com/grassrootseconomics/cic-docs/-/blob/master/README.md>`_ * Research and data analysis to understand more about how CICs are being used and how they can be used / created better.
* Simulation and Modeling for these systems in different areas.
`Modeling <https://gitlab.com/grassrootseconomics/cic-modeling>`_ * Community, faith based and business networks that want to create sustainable supply chains and food security.
* Funding! We are only able to build these systems if we can support our team.
* Direct Community Support - You, Donors and Impact investors can give directly to people in dire need either through CICs or via Mpesa right to their telephone in Kenya.
* Contact us to get more involved!
`Contact us to get more involved! <http://grassecon.org/contact>`_ * Visit us on Telegram for discussions
`Visit us on Telegram <https://t.me/CICBlockchain>`_
**What's Next?**
* We are making steps from Proof of Concept to supporting communities across Kenya and continuing to develop open source tools for communities around the world.
* As the groups collect their Sarafu this month and next inorder to create their own CICs we expect Sarafu trade to drop then multiple CIC trade to start in September/October. Excited to see the Sarafu token converted / liquidated and its reserve used as the seed (collateral pool) for over 40 CICs by the end of this year.
* On the tech side we are extremely excited about `bloxberg.org <http://bloxberg.org>`_ and looking at bridging all kinds of potential reserve tokens like `XCHF <https://www.swisscryptotokens.ch/buy-sell-xchf/>`_.
* Expanding on and helping the greater world in understanding the basic `Potluck <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/how-to-host-a-currency-potluck>`_ model of CIC creation as it is used in Kenyan villages and potentially far beyond.
**What we need!**
* Programmers! See our `GitLab <https://gitlab.com/grassrootseconomics/cic-docs/-/blob/master/README.md>`_. (also some good links there for training materials)
* Research and data analysis to understand more about how CICs are being used and how they can be used / created better.
* Simulation and `Modeling <https://gitlab.com/grassrootseconomics/cic-modeling>`_ for these systems in different areas.
* Community, faith based and business networks that want to create sustainable supply chains and food security.
* Funding! We are only able to build these systems if we can support our team.
* Direct Community Support - You, Donors and Impact investors can give directly to people in dire need either through CICs or via Mpesa right to their telephone in Kenya.
* `Contact us to get more involved! <http://grassecon.org/contact>`_ to get more involved!
* Visit us on `Visit us on Telegram <https://t.me/CICBlockchain>`_ for discussions

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@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ This way parents can pay for part of their childrens' education with their own g
.. image:: images/blog/school-fees30.webp
.. image:: images/blog/school-fees1.webp
@ -32,17 +32,7 @@ This way parents can pay for part of their childrens' education with their own g
`#schoolfees <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/schoolfees>`_ `#bangla <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/bangla>`_
#schoolfees #bangla
`#schoolfees <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/schoolfees>`_
#schoolfees
`#bangla <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/bangla>`_
#bangla

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
:title: Self-Funded Regenerative Agriculture Kwale Site January Visit
:author: James Thiong’o
:date: Jan 14
:date: Jan 14 2021
:slug: self-funded-regenerative
:summary: Based on the design found in the Kwale Sites the above poster was created by W.Ruddick On 11th January 2021, I visited Miyani Demo Plot...
@ -8,9 +8,10 @@
.. image:: images/blog/self-funded-regenerative18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/self-funded-regenerative1.webp
*Based on the design found in the Kwale Sites the above poster was created by W.Ruddick*
*Based on the design found in the Kwale Sites the above poster was created by W.Ruddick*
On 11th January 2021, I visited Miyani Demo Plot to monitor the progress made a month later after my visit in December. It had rained the previous day therefore crops looked healthy while the temperature was cool. For the past one month, maize had already been harvested and maize stalks used to mulch on the beds. Some vegetables such as capsicum/sweet pepper had been planted in the mid rows of the beds. In the nursery a variety of indigenous vegetables including amaranth and night shade were sprouting and will be ready for transplanting in a few weeks.
@ -34,10 +35,11 @@ However, a few challenges exist including pests and disease. Aphids have attacke
Topics covered.
*********************
1. Planting succession.
**1. Planting succession.**
@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ Use of local, organic and indigenous seeds is encouraged. These seeds are adapte
2. Mulching.
**2. Mulching.**
@ -77,7 +79,7 @@ Various plant matter can be used including grasses, weeds and crop residues. We
3. Organic Pest Control.
**3. Organic Pest Control.**
* We covered Integrated Pest Management which is a holistic method for solving pest and disease problems.
* Using Biological methods by creating habitats for beneficial insects and organisms, growing diverse crops and planting repellents such as onions, lemon grass and chillies.

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.. image:: images/blog/shrimp-fishing18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/shrimp-fishing1.webp
@ -36,13 +36,7 @@ What if this flow of resources didn't depend on access to scares Kenyan Shilling
Communities in rural areas near Mombasa are doing just that. They join a network of local businesses and receive a free credit of 400 Tokens (soft-peg to National currency). Once various loops of trade (like above fishing->storage->cooking->school fees->fishing) are decoupled from scare or volatile Kenyan Shillings we are seeing a lot more is possible in developing local resilient economies. The ability for community members to support one another in times of need begins to grow - reaching back to a time before the introduction National Currencies when community members would take turns working on each others fields and fixing each others houses.
*Communities in rural areas near Mombasa are doing just that. They join a network of local businesses and receive a free credit of 400 Tokens (soft-peg to National currency). Once various loops of trade (like above fishing->storage->cooking->school fees->fishing) are decoupled from scare or volatile Kenyan Shillings we are seeing a lot more is possible in developing local resilient economies. The ability for community members to support one another in times of need begins to grow - reaching back to a time before the introduction National Currencies when community members would take turns working on each others fields and fixing each others houses.*
Communities in rural areas near Mombasa are doing just that. They join a network of local businesses and receive a free credit of 400 Tokens (soft-peg to National currency). Once various loops of trade (like above fishing->storage->cooking->school fees->fishing) are decoupled from scare or volatile Kenyan Shillings we are seeing a lot more is possible in developing local resilient economies. The ability for community members to support one another in times of need begins to grow - reaching back to a time before the introduction National Currencies when community members would take turns working on each others fields and fixing each others houses.
Communities in rural areas near Mombasa are doing just that. They join a network of local businesses and receive a free credit of 400 Tokens (soft-peg to National currency). Once various loops of trade (like above *fishing->storage->cooking->school fees->fishing*) are decoupled from scare or volatile Kenyan Shillings we are seeing a lot more is possible in developing local resilient economies. The ability for community members to support one another in times of need begins to grow - reaching back to a time before the introduction National Currencies when community members would take turns working on each others fields and fixing each others houses.
@ -53,29 +47,7 @@ What is perhaps most exciting right now is the usage of Community Currencies in
#fishing #economics #Miyani #Mombasa
`#fishing <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/fishing>`_ `#economics <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/economics>`_ `#Miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Miyani>`_ `#Mombasa <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Mombasa>`_
#fishing #economics #Miyani #Mombasa
#fishing #economics #Miyani #Mombasa
`#fishing <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/fishing>`_
#fishing
`#economics <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/economics>`_
#economics
`#Miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Miyani>`_
#Miyani
`#Mombasa <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Mombasa>`_
#Mombasa

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/smep-oiko-credit18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/smep-oiko-credit1.webp
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ The kind of package SMEP is offering is indeed a group loan but being issued to
In other news - Francis Wanjala reports: the Gatina Business Organization (GBO) has issued loans to 5 members using Community Currency (Gatina-Pesa) of roughly 30k. In their previous meeting the members started paying back the loans and the GBO has so far received Ksh.9500 in repayment, which is quite exciting. These members reported that the money has helped to boost stock.
`#kangemi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/kangemi>`_
`#kangemi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/kangemi>`_
#kangemi

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:title: SMEs the missing link in Circular Economies
:author: Shaila Agha
:date: May 18
:date: May 18 2021
:slug: smes-the
:summary: Organizations merely have to choose whether to help their local community, or pay taxes to a government whose reach is never felt in these s
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/smes-the18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/smes-the1.webp

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@ -12,29 +12,21 @@ Africa’s 2nd largest Social Entrepreneurship Conference was held at Tangaza Un
.. image:: images/blog/social-entrepreneurship21.webp
.. image:: images/blog/social-entrepreneurship1.webp
*Grassroots Team at AACOSE in Tangaza University.*
*Grassroots Team at AACOSE in Tangaza University.*
Themed Contextualizing and shaping social entrepreneurship in Africa, this conference attracted over 700 participants who included social entrepreneurs practitioners, policy makers, investors, community leaders and academicians across Africa.
Themed *Contextualizing and shaping social entrepreneurship in Africa*, this conference attracted over 700 participants who included social entrepreneurs practitioners, policy makers, investors, community leaders and academicians across Africa.
*Themed Contextualizing and shaping social entrepreneurship in Africa, this conference attracted over 700 participants who included social entrepreneurs practitioners, policy makers, investors, community leaders and academicians across Africa.*
Themed Contextualizing and shaping social entrepreneurship in Africa, this conference attracted over 700 participants who included social entrepreneurs practitioners, policy makers, investors, community leaders and academicians across Africa.
@ -76,7 +68,7 @@ So far this economic system has empowered the “unbanked poor” by linking sma
*Lucy Akinyi, a Sarafu-Credit (Lindi Pesa) user from Kibera.*
*Lucy Akinyi, a Sarafu-Credit (Lindi Pesa) user from Kibera.*
@ -143,65 +135,19 @@ And since these social enterprises need donor fund and sponsorships in order to
Want to participate, subscribe to our newsletter to never miss an update!
Want to participate, `subscribe <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_ to our newsletter to never miss an update!
Want to participate, subscribe to our newsletter to never miss an update!
`subscribe <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_
You can also drop us a comment on our social media pages, and don't forget to
click on the website www.grassrootseconomics.org to find out more on Sarafu-Credit.
click on the website `www.grassrootseconomics.org <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_ to find out more on Sarafu-Credit.
click on the website www.grassrootseconomics.org to find out more on Sarafu-Credit.
`www.grassrootseconomics.org <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_
#AACOSE2018 #Socialentrepreneurship #SarafuCredit #SDG #Bancor
#AACOSE2018 #Socialentrepreneurship #SarafuCredit #SDG #Bancor
#AACOSE2018 #Socialentrepreneurship #SarafuCredit #SDG #Bancor
#AACOSE2018 #Socialentrepreneurship #SarafuCredit #SDG #Bancor
`#AACOSE2018 <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/AACOSE2018>`_
#AACOSE2018
`#Socialentrepreneurship <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Socialentrepreneurship>`_
#Socialentrepreneurship
`#SarafuCredit <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/SarafuCredit>`_
#SarafuCredit
`#SDG <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/SDG>`_
#SDG
`#Bancor <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Bancor>`_
#Bancor

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
:title: Static vs Bonded Liquidity Pools for CICs
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: Jan 16
:date: Jan 16 2021
:slug: static-vs
:modified: Jan 19
:summary: As communities create their Community Inclusion Currencies as a credit against their future production, projects and excess capacity,...
@ -16,15 +16,8 @@ For the blockchain and #defi folks they are probably familiar with the Bonded Po
For the blockchain and #defi folks they are probably familiar with the Bonded Pool like you can find with Uniswap or in the Bancor Network, but lets start with its sibling the Static Pool - which simply is a contract holding 2 tokens that are exchangeable to each other.
`#defi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/defi>`_
#defi
.. image:: images/blog/static-vs26.webp
.. image:: images/blog/static-vs1.webp
@ -72,22 +65,13 @@ On the contrary with a Static Pool, one side of the pool could simply run out ca
If communities connect their CICs to a basic income or network token like Sarafu in a 1:1 Static Pool - all such CICs would automatically be exchangeable 1:1 with each other. This is appealing because it creates a well defined common pool of tokens connected through a network token. This method combines the concept of a UBI with a credit system - described briefly here.
If communities connect their CICs to a basic income or network token like Sarafu in a 1:1 Static Pool - all such CICs would automatically be exchangeable 1:1 with each other. This is appealing because it creates a well defined common pool of tokens connected through a network token. This method combines the concept of a UBI with a credit system - described briefly `here <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/dex-multitudes>`_.
If communities connect their CICs to a basic income or network token like Sarafu in a 1:1 Static Pool - all such CICs would automatically be exchangeable 1:1 with each other. This is appealing because it creates a well defined common pool of tokens connected through a network token. This method combines the concept of a UBI with a credit system - described briefly here.
`here <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/dex-multitudes>`_
Also note that both types of pools could be used to connect a CIC with some other non-CIC token (like Eth or DAI) who's value might be fluctuating or unknown relative to the CICs - in this case having market supply and demand to establish that price over time might be preferable using a Bonded Pool. Note that many such pools can co-exist in the same network, connecting the same tokens. So connecting UBI and CICs on static pools while also connecting to non-CICs via bonded pools could allow for in-network 1:1 exchanges and variable/market rate exchanges against foreign tokens (e.g. Eth or stable coins).
We're excited to be building infrastructure - using the open source Bancor DEX contracts - that can accommodate an extremely diverse set of pools - creating really decentralized typologies for common pooling of Community Inclusion Currencies.
We're excited to be building infrastructure - using the open source `Bancor DEX contracts <https://github.com/bancorprotocol/contracts-solidity>`_ - that can accommodate an extremely diverse set of pools - creating really decentralized typologies for common pooling of Community Inclusion Currencies.
We're excited to be building infrastructure - using the open source Bancor DEX contracts - that can accommodate an extremely diverse set of pools - creating really decentralized typologies for common pooling of Community Inclusion Currencies.
`Bancor DEX contracts <https://github.com/bancorprotocol/contracts-solidity>`_

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/strong-communities18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/strong-communities1.webp
@ -24,53 +24,33 @@ In the afternoon we had a market session where members were able to sell and buy
On Tuesday I met another session of the Kwe Kende Group in Siaya town. We had a short general meeting and also provided solutions to any questions and concerns that they had. Most of these users run small businesses like kiosks, hotels (kibanda), tailor shops, shoes, clothes among others. They are equally excited about Sarafu and are happy that Sarafu has been of great help to them in both their businesses and in providing for their basic needs. Read about one of the users here in more detail.
On Tuesday I met another session of the Kwe Kende Group in Siaya town. We had a short general meeting and also provided solutions to any questions and concerns that they had. Most of these users run small businesses like kiosks, hotels (kibanda), tailor shops, shoes, clothes among others. They are equally excited about Sarafu and are happy that Sarafu has been of great help to them in both their businesses and in providing for their basic needs. Read about one of the users `here <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/rural-sarafu-cic-impacts>`_ in more detail.
*On Tuesday I met another session of the Kwe Kende Group in Siaya town. We had a short general meeting and also provided solutions to any questions and concerns that they had. Most of these users run small businesses like kiosks, hotels (kibanda), tailor shops, shoes, clothes among others. They are equally excited about Sarafu and are happy that Sarafu has been of great help to them in both their businesses and in providing for their basic needs. Read about one of the users here in more detail.*
*On Tuesday I met another session of the Kwe Kende Group in Siaya town. We had a short general meeting and also provided solutions to any questions and concerns that they had. Most of these users run small businesses like kiosks, hotels (kibanda), tailor shops, shoes, clothes among others. They are equally excited about Sarafu and are happy that Sarafu has been of great help to them in both their businesses and in providing for their basic needs. Read about one of the users here in more detail.*
On Tuesday I met another session of the Kwe Kende Group in Siaya town. We had a short general meeting and also provided solutions to any questions and concerns that they had. Most of these users run small businesses like kiosks, hotels (kibanda), tailor shops, shoes, clothes among others. They are equally excited about Sarafu and are happy that Sarafu has been of great help to them in both their businesses and in providing for their basic needs. Read about one of the users here in more detail.
`here <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/post/rural-sarafu-cic-impacts>`_
Based on these discussions the group agreed that what makes Sarafu work for them:
**What works for Kwe Kende Group?**
**1. Market days: They hold 3 meetings in a week- Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday. This is to ensure that everyone (at least 186 families) attends at least one on their free days. During these meetings, they talk about how their week was with Sarafu and any problems that arose. They sell and buy from one another and also save in the chama and pay loans if any.**
**What works for Kwe Kende Group?**
1. Market days: They hold 3 meetings in a week- Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday. This is to ensure that everyone (at least 186 families) attends at least one on their free days. During these meetings, they talk about how their week was with Sarafu and any problems that arose. They sell and buy from one another and also save in the chama and pay loans if any.
**2. Prosumer Empowerment: They've empowered each other, in that everyone tries to come to the chama meetings with something to offer in goods or services. This way, they easily meet their needs without blaming anyone for buying and not selling using Sarafu. They encourage themselves to believe everyone has something to offer the community.**
**1. Market days:** They hold 3 meetings in a week- Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday. This is to ensure that everyone (at least 186 families) attends at least one on their free days. During these meetings, they talk about how their week was with Sarafu and any problems that arose. They sell and buy from one another and also save in the chama and pay loans if any.
2. Prosumer Empowerment: They've empowered each other, in that everyone tries to come to the chama meetings with something to offer in goods or services. This way, they easily meet their needs without blaming anyone for buying and not selling using Sarafu. They encourage themselves to believe everyone has something to offer the community.
**3. Community Projects: They've started a chicken rearing project and gardens that brings them together. They take care of them in turns and use Sarafu to pay for the upkeep. These capacity building and productive projects are an amazing anchor for CICs. Any group excess in food created by the group is distributed based on the amount of Sarafu that one receives in his/her business because it's these that they save in a week.**
**2. Prosumer Empowerment:** They've empowered each other, in that everyone tries to come to the chama meetings with something to offer in goods or services. This way, they easily meet their needs without blaming anyone for buying and not selling using Sarafu. They encourage themselves to believe everyone has something to offer the community.
3. Community Projects: They've started a chicken rearing project and gardens that brings them together. They take care of them in turns and use Sarafu to pay for the upkeep. These capacity building and productive projects are an amazing anchor for CICs. Any group excess in food created by the group is distributed based on the amount of Sarafu that one receives in his/her business because it's these that they save in a week.
**3. Community Projects:** They've started a chicken rearing project and gardens that brings them together. They take care of them in turns and use Sarafu to pay for the upkeep. These capacity building and productive projects are an amazing anchor for CICs. Any group excess in food created by the group is distributed based on the amount of Sarafu that one receives in his/her business because it's these that they save in a week.
**4. Leadership and Stewardship: The group officials are dedicated, especially the secretary Leah Aluoch who visits users randomly within the week. Leah stated that she has to visit users who miss the weekly meetings just to know if they have any issues and to encourage them. She has kept track of all her 186 members.**
**4. Leadership and Stewardship:** The group officials are dedicated, especially the secretary Leah Aluoch who visits users randomly within the week. Leah stated that she has to visit users who miss the weekly meetings just to know if they have any issues and to encourage them. She has kept track of all her 186 members.
4. Leadership and Stewardship: The group officials are dedicated, especially the secretary Leah Aluoch who visits users randomly within the week. Leah stated that she has to visit users who miss the weekly meetings just to know if they have any issues and to encourage them. She has kept track of all her 186 members.
**5. Unity: The members are from one community, they've trusted each other and they understand their strengths and embrace their weaknesses.**
**5. Unity:** The members are from one community, they've trusted each other and they understand their strengths and embrace their weaknesses.
5. Unity: The members are from one community, they've trusted each other and they understand their strengths and embrace their weaknesses.
**6. Loops and Cycles in a Circular Economy: They've created loops that allows them to receive all the things that they need within their network.**
**6. Loops and Cycles in a Circular Economy:** They've created loops that allows them to receive all the things that they need within their network.
6. Loops and Cycles in a Circular Economy: They've created loops that allows them to receive all the things that they need within their network.
**8. Fines and repercussions: The chama members incur a fine of Ksh.10 in case of lateness. They use the same for airtime to reach out to members during the week and to support those that can't genuinely use Sarafu. Also note that there is a small tax on CIC that is deducted (0.5%) of account balances that goes back out to active users.**
8. Fines and repercussions: The chama members incur a fine of Ksh.10 in case of lateness. They use the same for airtime to reach out to members during the week and to support those that can't genuinely use Sarafu. Also note that there is a small tax on CIC that is deducted (0.5%) of account balances that goes back out to active users.
**8. Fines and repercussions:** The chama members incur a fine of Ksh.10 in case of lateness. They use the same for airtime to reach out to members during the week and to support those that can't genuinely use Sarafu. Also note that there is a small tax on CIC that is deducted (0.5%) of account balances that goes back out to active users.

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/super-market-super-currency18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/super-market-super-currency1.webp
@ -50,11 +50,4 @@ The official opening of the supermarket is set for mid-March!
#supermarket #nairobi
`#supermarket <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/supermarket>`_
#supermarket
`#nairobi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/nairobi>`_
#nairobi

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@ -12,19 +12,11 @@
.. image:: images/blog/supporting-covid-1921.webp
.. image:: images/blog/supporting-covid-191.webp
Community Health Volunteers (CHV), Clinics and doctors are daily working tirelessly with communities to teach them to cope with COVID-19. They are, out of their own pockets, supporting needy families and themselves working often with no pay. Health care workers using CICs have a way to help support the community and care for themselves as national currency runs out.
Community Health Volunteers (CHV), Clinics and doctors are daily working tirelessly with communities to teach them to cope with COVID-19. They are, out of their own pockets, supporting needy families and themselves working often with no pay. Health care workers using CICs have a way to help support the community and care for themselves as national currency runs out.
Community Health Volunteers (CHV), Clinics and doctors are daily working tirelessly with communities to teach them to cope with COVID-19. They are, out of their own pockets, supporting needy families and themselves working often with no pay. Health care workers using CICs have a way to help support the community and care for themselves as national currency runs out.
Community Health Volunteers (CHV), Clinics and doctors are daily working tirelessly with communities to teach them to cope with COVID-19. They are, out of their own pockets, supporting needy families and themselves working often with no pay. Health care workers using CICs have a way to help support the community and care for themselves as national currency runs out.
@ -56,17 +48,6 @@ This is Bernard Okoth and Grace Hellen the chairlady of CHVs in Mukuru (right) t
Please leverage your support to health workers by contributing.
Please leverage your support to health workers by contributing.
Please leverage your support to health workers by contributing.
@ -95,10 +76,6 @@ To double (for next 90 days) your money or donate send mpesa to paybill (631685)
If you are not in Kenya you can support here.
If you are not in Kenya you can support `here <http://gitcoin.co/grants/541/cic-covid-19-kenyan-crisis-aid>`_.
If you are not in Kenya you can support here.
`here <http://gitcoin.co/grants/541/cic-covid-19-kenyan-crisis-aid>`_

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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ The Vindakala Youth Bunge’s motto “Coming Together is Just The Beginning.”
.. image:: images/blog/takaungu-pesa21.webp
.. image:: images/blog/takaungu-pesa1.webp
@ -67,42 +67,3 @@ After using the paper voucher versions of TK-Pesa for the next month we will int
#Takaungu #Rural #Kenya #Kilifi #FoodSecurity #Fishing
#Takaungu #Rural #Kenya #Kilifi #FoodSecurity #Fishing
#Takaungu #Rural #Kenya #Kilifi #FoodSecurity #Fishing
#Takaungu #Rural #Kenya #Kilifi #FoodSecurity #Fishing
#Takaungu #Rural #Kenya #Kilifi #FoodSecurity #Fishing
`#Takaungu <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Takaungu>`_
#Takaungu
`#Rural <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Rural>`_
#Rural
`#Kenya <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Kenya>`_
#Kenya
`#Kilifi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Kilifi>`_
#Kilifi
`#FoodSecurity <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/FoodSecurity>`_
#FoodSecurity
`#Fishing <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Fishing>`_
#Fishing

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
:title: Taxation & Community Currencies
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: 2 days ago
:date: Aug 1 2021
:slug: taxation-community
:summary: Taxation of & in Community Currencies could be the largest and most stable tax source for governments.
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
.. image:: images/blog/taxation-community18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/taxation-community1.webp
@ -16,17 +16,8 @@ This is a touchy topic! One that is the last thing a lot of community currency d
While in most regulatory regimes, right now, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say current, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.
While in most regulatory regimes, *right now*, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say *current*, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.
*While in most regulatory regimes, right now, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say current, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.*
While in most regulatory regimes, right now, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say current, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.
*While in most regulatory regimes, right now, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say current, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.*
While in most regulatory regimes, right now, a community currency (CCs) is nothing more than a tradable voucher. Taxation on these vouchers is similar to trading any crypto currency - a grey area at best. When exchanging CCs or any crypto currency for National Currency is when you begin to enter the current tax regimes. I say current, because things change fast in this space and actively thinking about how taxes could or should be imposed, collected and redistributed is extremely important. Below are some concepts on taxation of CCs that should be considered.
@ -34,27 +25,12 @@ Community Currencies are about giving people the right to issue their own credit
Generally community currency creators don't want to end funding to governments that provide useful services but we do want to make sure people have a say in how taxes are spent! In the case of Grassroots Economics - we are a non-profit foundation trying to provide a way for people to live together without the constant fear and trauma of monetary scarcity.
*Generally community currency creators don't want to end funding to governments that provide useful services but we do want to make sure people have a say in how taxes are spent! In the case of Grassroots Economics - we are a non-profit foundation trying to provide a way for people to live together without the constant fear and trauma of monetary scarcity.*
Generally community currency creators don't want to end funding to governments that provide useful services but we do want to make sure people have a say in how taxes are spent! In the case of Grassroots Economics - we are a non-profit foundation trying to provide a way for people to live together without the constant fear and trauma of monetary scarcity.
*Generally community currency creators don't want to end funding to governments that provide useful services but we do want to make sure people have a say in how taxes are spent! In the case of Grassroots Economics - we are a non-profit foundation trying to provide a way for people to live together without the constant fear and trauma of monetary scarcity.*
**Demurrage** on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as holding tax as a percentage deducted from all balances). This idea was created by the economist Silvio Gesell and first implemented Austrian town of Wörgl in 1932 with great success. It was created in order to reduce hoarding and encourage people to invest in local productive capacity - leaving currency as a medium of exchange and less of a form of savings. Rather than using paper currency and the purchase of stamps to keep your currency valuable, as was done in the 1930's we can use modern technology such as blockchain to create complete transparency and automation of tax collection. To use demurrage as taxation digitally today - this holding tax can be collected automatically using blockchain smart contracts and deposited into a public contract or Demurrage decentralized Autonomous Organization (DDAO). Anyone holding the currency would have a right to vote on the DDAO to determine where their demurrage goes. Governments could regulate these DDAO contracts to ensure a percentage goes to them - and they as well would be taxed on any unspent funds.
Generally community currency creators don't want to end funding to governments that provide useful services but we do want to make sure people have a say in how taxes are spent! In the case of Grassroots Economics - we are a non-profit foundation trying to provide a way for people to live together without the constant fear and trauma of monetary scarcity.
**Demurrage on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as holding tax as a percentage deducted from all balances). This idea was created by the economist Silvio Gesell and first implemented Austrian town of Wörgl in 1932 with great success. It was created in order to reduce hoarding and encourage people to invest in local productive capacity - leaving currency as a medium of exchange and less of a form of savings. Rather than using paper currency and the purchase of stamps to keep your currency valuable, as was done in the 1930's we can use modern technology such as blockchain to create complete transparency and automation of tax collection. To use demurrage as taxation digitally today - this holding tax can be collected automatically using blockchain smart contracts and deposited into a public contract or Demurrage decentralized Autonomous Organization (DDAO). Anyone holding the currency would have a right to vote on the DDAO to determine where their demurrage goes. Governments could regulate these DDAO contracts to ensure a percentage goes to them - and they as well would be taxed on any unspent funds.**
Demurrage on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as holding tax as a percentage deducted from all balances). This idea was created by the economist Silvio Gesell and first implemented Austrian town of Wörgl in 1932 with great success. It was created in order to reduce hoarding and encourage people to invest in local productive capacity - leaving currency as a medium of exchange and less of a form of savings. Rather than using paper currency and the purchase of stamps to keep your currency valuable, as was done in the 1930's we can use modern technology such as blockchain to create complete transparency and automation of tax collection. To use demurrage as taxation digitally today - this holding tax can be collected automatically using blockchain smart contracts and deposited into a public contract or Demurrage decentralized Autonomous Organization (DDAO). Anyone holding the currency would have a right to vote on the DDAO to determine where their demurrage goes. Governments could regulate these DDAO contracts to ensure a percentage goes to them - and they as well would be taxed on any unspent funds.
**Demurrage on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as holding tax as a percentage deducted from all balances). This idea was created by the economist Silvio Gesell and first implemented Austrian town of Wörgl in 1932 with great success. It was created in order to reduce hoarding and encourage people to invest in local productive capacity - leaving currency as a medium of exchange and less of a form of savings. Rather than using paper currency and the purchase of stamps to keep your currency valuable, as was done in the 1930's we can use modern technology such as blockchain to create complete transparency and automation of tax collection. To use demurrage as taxation digitally today - this holding tax can be collected automatically using blockchain smart contracts and deposited into a public contract or Demurrage decentralized Autonomous Organization (DDAO). Anyone holding the currency would have a right to vote on the DDAO to determine where their demurrage goes. Governments could regulate these DDAO contracts to ensure a percentage goes to them - and they as well would be taxed on any unspent funds.**
Demurrage on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as holding tax as a percentage deducted from all balances). This idea was created by the economist Silvio Gesell and first implemented Austrian town of Wörgl in 1932 with great success. It was created in order to reduce hoarding and encourage people to invest in local productive capacity - leaving currency as a medium of exchange and less of a form of savings. Rather than using paper currency and the purchase of stamps to keep your currency valuable, as was done in the 1930's we can use modern technology such as blockchain to create complete transparency and automation of tax collection. To use demurrage as taxation digitally today - this holding tax can be collected automatically using blockchain smart contracts and deposited into a public contract or Demurrage decentralized Autonomous Organization (DDAO). Anyone holding the currency would have a right to vote on the DDAO to determine where their demurrage goes. Governments could regulate these DDAO contracts to ensure a percentage goes to them - and they as well would be taxed on any unspent funds.
@ -62,46 +38,27 @@ Demurrage on currency is a simple concept: currency decay over time (such as hol
In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.
In the above diagram you can see a community creating a **Community Inclusion Currency** (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a **basic income**. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.
**In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.**
In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.
*In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.*
In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.
**In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.**
In the above diagram you can see a community creating a Community Inclusion Currency (CIC) as a claim against their future production. Such a CIC could also be issued by a government or municipality as in the case of Wörgl against redemption in government services. These CIC tokens could intrinsically be taxable into a DDAO and a portion could go to local government while the rest goes back to the CIC users themselves. The CIC collected by government would have to be used or be taxed back into the DDAO and be again redistributed. This creates a virtuous cycle where local taxes are automatically collected and must be re-spent locally. Such a CIC tax could even be reissued by government as a basic income. Social service organizations and charities could show their CIC transaction volumes in order to convince the public and government to allocate (vote) CIC tax redistribution to them.
Rather than only allowing banks and government to create our money supply - CICs give an option to decentralize credit issuance while preserving the functions of government to collect taxes and support social services. Governments - both local and national - that understand the power of credit decentralization and automated taxation, should see that this could be the largest and most sustainable funding source imaginable especially in countries like Kenya where the vast majority of businesses are informal and paying no taxes at all.
.. raw:: html
In the above video the Red Cross has introduced a CIC into a sub-county of Mombasa. Every token (Sarafu) has a 2% a monthly demurrage (holding tax) that currently collected automatically and is redistributed to active users in the community. Over 3 Million USD of trade has happened on this network and nearly 20 Million Sarafu tokens have been issued nation wide to over 56,000 households. If the county or national government were to accept locally created credit for local taxation via automated demurrage it could pay for roads, schools, health services and even basic income to support those in need.
**In the above video the Red Cross has introduced a CIC into a sub-county of Mombasa. Every token (Sarafu) has a 2% a monthly demurrage (holding tax) that currently collected automatically and is redistributed to active users in the community. Over 3 Million USD of trade has happened on this network and nearly 20 Million Sarafu tokens have been issued nation wide to over 56,000 households. If the county or national government were to accept locally created credit for local taxation via automated demurrage it could pay for roads, schools, health services and even basic income to support those in need.**
For policy makers wanting to understand more contact us.
<iframe width="740" height="416" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/fCGgkkiAOLA" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
For policy makers wanting to understand more contact us.
In the above video the Red Cross has introduced a CIC into a sub-county of Mombasa. Every token (Sarafu) has a 2% a monthly demurrage (holding tax) that currently collected automatically and is redistributed to active users in the community. Over 3 Million USD of trade has happened on this network and nearly 20 Million Sarafu tokens have been issued nation wide to over 56,000 households. **If the county or national government were to accept locally created credit for local taxation via automated demurrage it could pay for roads, schools, health services and even basic income to support those in need.**
`contact us <http://grassrootseconomics.org/contact>`_
For developers - wanting to see a blockchain implementation of demurrage please check out our ERC20 contracts here.
For policy makers wanting to understand more `contact us <http://grassrootseconomics.org/contact-us>`_.
For developers - wanting to see a blockchain implementation of demurrage please check out our ERC20 contracts here.
For developers - wanting to see a blockchain implementation of `demurrage please check out our ERC20 contracts here. <https://gitlab.com/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token/>`_
`demurrage please check out our ERC20 contracts here. <https://gitlab.com/cicnet/erc20-demurrage-token/>`_

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.. image:: images/blog/the-people18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/the-people1.webp
@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
**Sarafu stands at the fore-front of digital community currencies offering novel ways to learn about the inner workings of local exchange systems and study their impact hands-on.**
**Sarafu stands at the fore-front of digital community currencies offering novel ways to learn about the inner workings of local exchange systems and study their impact hands-on.**
@ -197,81 +197,7 @@ P.S. A peek into the data - The following user-profiles spotlight how the commun
#Miyani #complementarycurrency #impacts
#Miyani #complementarycurrency #impacts
`#Miyani <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Miyani>`_
#Miyani
`#complementarycurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/complementarycurrency>`_
#complementarycurrency
`#impacts <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/impacts>`_
#impacts

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.. image:: images/blog/tiwi-orphans18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/tiwi-orphans1.webp
@ -60,25 +60,3 @@ Community Service is a central part of our work. This is the time to listen to s
#kenya #coast #orphans #communityservice
#kenya #coast #orphans #communityservice
`#kenya <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/kenya>`_
#kenya
`#coast <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/coast>`_
#coast
`#orphans <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/orphans>`_
#orphans
`#communityservice <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communityservice>`_
#communityservice

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.. image:: images/blog/trading-the18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/trading-the1.webp
*Caption: Mama Evelin (right) in Bangladesh, Mombasa learns to trade her Bangla-Pesa using the Bancor Wallet; taught by Ruth Ngau of Grassroots Economics (left).*
*Caption: Mama Evelin (right) in Bangladesh, Mombasa learns to trade her Bangla-Pesa using the Bancor Wallet; taught by Ruth Ngau of Grassroots Economics (left).*
@ -25,59 +27,37 @@ Thanks to Bancor, blockchain is finally becoming a tool we can use to fight pove
Yesterday we had an amazing day in Mombasa field-testing the Bancor Wallet on POA network to enable zero-transaction fees and fast payments for local transactions. As tomatoes and chapati changed hands, local shop owners and their customers marked the first-ever community currency transactions on the blockchain. More broadly, we are digitizing and tokenizing the Sarafu-Credit system of paper currencies that began with the Bangla-Pesa in 2013.
Yesterday we had an amazing day in Mombasa field-testing the Bancor Wallet on POA network to enable zero-transaction fees and fast payments for local transactions. As tomatoes and chapati changed hands, local shop owners and their customers marked the first-ever community currency transactions on the blockchain. More broadly, we are digitizing and tokenizing the `Sarafu-Credit system <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarafu-Credit>`_ of paper currencies that began with the Bangla-Pesa in 2013.
Yesterday we had an amazing day in Mombasa field-testing the Bancor Wallet on POA network to enable zero-transaction fees and fast payments for local transactions. As tomatoes and chapati changed hands, local shop owners and their customers marked the first-ever community currency transactions on the blockchain. More broadly, we are digitizing and tokenizing the Sarafu-Credit system of paper currencies that began with the Bangla-Pesa in 2013.
`Sarafu-Credit system <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarafu-Credit>`_
Now community members like Mama Evelin (in the photo above) can:
Now community members like Mama Evelin (in the photo above) can:
Now community members like Mama Evelin (in the photo above) can:
* Trade any amount of Bangla-Pesa (we never had below a 5 paper denomination due to cost of printing.)
* Keep a digital record of transactions which are stored securely on the blockchain.
* Exchange their Bangla-Pesa for Ng’ombeni-Pesa (another neighboring community currency that couldn’t be easily converted to before.)
* Advertise on a community marketplace to get wider awareness of their goods.
* Easily locate and buy goods and services in the community when Kenyan Shillings are not available - with no transaction fees and verification in seconds.
* Easily send local tokens unrelated to commercial transactions to friends and family instantly and without fees.
* And much more to come, such as voting systems, SMS notifications and more.
* Trade any amount of Bangla-Pesa (we never had below a 5 paper denomination due to cost of printing.)
* Keep a digital record of transactions which are stored securely on the blockchain.
* Exchange their Bangla-Pesa for Ng’ombeni-Pesa (another neighboring community currency that couldn’t be easily converted to before.)
* Advertise on a community marketplace to get wider awareness of their goods.
* Easily locate and buy goods and services in the community when Kenyan Shillings are not available - with no transaction fees and verification in seconds.
* Easily send local tokens unrelated to commercial transactions to friends and family instantly and without fees.
* And much more to come, such as voting systems, SMS notifications and more.
For Grassroots Economics and similar Community Currency creators this means:
For Grassroots Economics and similar Community Currency creators this means:
* Creating a currency takes a few minutes. All you have to do is specify your token supply and decide which tokens to connect it to in your network.
* We have the security of the blockchain - meaning that the ledger of transactions and the supply of community currency tokens are in a safe, decentralized place - distributed across the Internet and transparent for all to see.
* Designing a customized currency just became much much easier: economic incentives, taxation, demurrage, community funds, voting systems and more can be built directly on the Bancor Liquid Token smart contract.
* The cost to develop a community currency has dropped to training and implementation - rather than the cumbersome and costly process of printing paper vouchers or paying service fees and licences to digital providers.
* Teams can focus on their users, rather than the backend technology. This will go a long way in communities where resources are scarce to begin with.
For Grassroots Economics and similar Community Currency creators this means:
* Creating a currency takes a few minutes. All you have to do is specify your token supply and decide which tokens to connect it to in your network.
* We have the security of the blockchain - meaning that the ledger of transactions and the supply of community currency tokens are in a safe, decentralized place - distributed across the Internet and transparent for all to see.
* Designing a customized currency just became much much easier: economic incentives, taxation, demurrage, community funds, voting systems and more can be built directly on the Bancor Liquid Token smart contract.
* The cost to develop a community currency has dropped to training and implementation - rather than the cumbersome and costly process of printing paper vouchers or paying service fees and licences to digital providers.
* Teams can focus on their users, rather than the backend technology. This will go a long way in communities where resources are scarce to begin with.
@ -85,12 +65,6 @@ What makes these tokens special is their ability to connect to one another (mean
What makes these tokens special is their ability to connect to one another (meaning be easily convertible back and forth without exchanges) - building a decentralized economy of currencies powered by the Bancor Protocol. These currencies can be designed using their smart contract to share assets, deploy a UBI and facilitate voting and community services. Fundamentally, blockchain-based community currencies can empower women like Evelin to develop zero-interest credit that is usable among her network. The World Bank claims there is a 2+ trillion dollar deficit in the credit supply -- this solution could pull communities out of poverty, increasing trade and local resilience.
.. image:: images/blog/trading-the96.webp
@ -112,26 +86,3 @@ There is still a lot to do and we need everyone's support to really make this a
#blockchain #kenya #banglapesa #bancor
#blockchain #kenya #banglapesa #bancor
#blockchain #kenya #banglapesa #bancor
`#blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/blockchain>`_
#blockchain
`#kenya <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/kenya>`_
#kenya
`#banglapesa <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/banglapesa>`_
#banglapesa
`#bancor <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/bancor>`_
#bancor

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:date: Nov 5, 2018
:slug: un-announcement
:summary: On October 25th Will Ruddick along with Galia Bernartzi from Bancor addressed the UN regarding the potential impacts of blockchain technolog
:summary: On October 25th Will Ruddick along with Galia Bernartzi from Bancor addressed the UN regarding the potential impacts of blockchain technology
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ On October 25th, Will Ruddick along with Galia Bernartzi from Bancor addressed a
.. image:: images/blog/un-announcement27.webp
.. image:: images/blog/un-announcement1.webp
@ -48,18 +48,10 @@ In lieu of creating exchanges between communities, Bancor offers a smart contrac
Themed "Blockchains for Social Impact, at the UN Geneva," Will Ruddick (The Pioneer of Community currencies in Kenya) presented research from Universities worldwide on impacts related to Grassroots Economics' Community Currencies and the shift to blockchain technology which enables large data sets of transactions to be analysed.
Themed "Blockchains for Social Impact, at the UN Geneva," Will Ruddick (`The Pioneer of Community currencies in Kenya <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org/media>`_) presented research from Universities worldwide on impacts related to Grassroots Economics' Community Currencies and the shift to blockchain technology which enables large data sets of transactions to be analysed.
Themed "Blockchains for Social Impact, at the UN Geneva," Will Ruddick (The Pioneer of Community currencies in Kenya) presented research from Universities worldwide on impacts related to Grassroots Economics' Community Currencies and the shift to blockchain technology which enables large data sets of transactions to be analysed.
Themed "Blockchains for Social Impact, at the UN Geneva," Will Ruddick (The Pioneer of Community currencies in Kenya) presented research from Universities worldwide on impacts related to Grassroots Economics' Community Currencies and the shift to blockchain technology which enables large data sets of transactions to be analysed.
` <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org/media>`_ `The Pioneer of Community currencies in Kenya <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org/media>`_
He exemplified how this technological development offers a platform to engage people currently outside the formal financial system, mentioning that, " Through Block chain Liquid Community Currencies address the financial inclusion gap existing among people underserved by current financial solutions."
@ -84,15 +76,10 @@ Galia Benartzi, Bancor reinforced this by stating that, "It is unlikely that the
This exciting week at the UN provided a platform to validate how the implementation of blockchain technology in Kenya by Grassroots Economics, will increase local trade and overall economic stability by addressing multiple derivations targeted by the UN. Many NGOs were interested in setting up Liquid Community Currencies as they realized it was possible to track Sustainable Development Goals through transparent blockchain technology hence offering real solutions to worldwide problems.
This exciting week at the UN provided a platform to validate how the implementation of blockchain technology in Kenya by `Grassroots Economics <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_, will increase local trade and overall economic stability by addressing multiple derivations targeted by the UN. Many NGOs were interested in setting up Liquid Community Currencies as they realized it was possible to track Sustainable Development Goals through transparent blockchain technology hence offering real solutions to worldwide problems.
This exciting week at the UN provided a platform to validate how the implementation of blockchain technology in Kenya by Grassroots Economics, will increase local trade and overall economic stability by addressing multiple derivations targeted by the UN. Many NGOs were interested in setting up Liquid Community Currencies as they realized it was possible to track Sustainable Development Goals through transparent blockchain technology hence offering real solutions to worldwide problems.
`Grassroots Economics <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_
@ -104,77 +91,15 @@ This exciting week at the UN provided a platform to validate how the implementat
Subscribe on our website to never miss an update!
`Subscribe <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_ on our website to never miss an update!
Subscribe on our website to never miss an update!
`Sign up to identify yourself as an early adoptor and contributor. <http://grassrootseconomics.org/whitepaper>`_
Subscribe on our website to never miss an update!
Subscribe on our website to never miss an update!
`Subscribe <http://www.grassrootseconomics.org>`_ `Sign up to identify yourself as an early adoptor and contributor. <http://grassrootseconomics.org/whitepaper>`_
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
#LiquidCommunityCurrency #Blockchain #whitepaper #UN #SDG #Bancor #Binance
`#LiquidCommunityCurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/LiquidCommunityCurrency>`_
#LiquidCommunityCurrency
`#Blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Blockchain>`_
#Blockchain
`#whitepaper <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/whitepaper>`_
#whitepaper
`#UN <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/UN>`_
#UN
`#SDG <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/SDG>`_
#SDG
`#Bancor <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Bancor>`_
#Bancor
`#Binance <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Binance>`_
#Binance

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.. image:: images/blog/universal-basic18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/universal-basic1.webp
@ -95,34 +95,3 @@ While studies are currently underway on Universal Basic Income it is important t
#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations
#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations
#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations
#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations
`#UBI <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/UBI>`_
#UBI
`#communitycurrencies <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies>`_
#communitycurrencies
`#research <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/research>`_
#research
`#cashtransfers <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/cashtransfers>`_
#cashtransfers
`#donations <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/donations>`_
#donations

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.. image:: images/blog/update-from1.webp

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@ -52,12 +52,8 @@ In Kibera, Razao Kivinza (pictured above) who sells clothes by the roadside deli
*'Braiding the Rope' is the term we use for the process of bringing people into the network. People in the community learn from each other and begin to trade with each-other and bring in other traders from their daily life which causes the network to organically grow. Witnessing this organic growth recorded on the blockchain is amazing.*
'Braiding the Rope' is the term we use for the process of bringing people into the network. People in the community learn from each other and begin to trade with each-other and bring in other traders from their daily life which causes the network to organically grow. Witnessing this organic growth recorded on the blockchain is amazing.
**'Braiding the Rope'** is the term we use for the process of bringing people into the network. People in the community learn from each other and begin to trade with each-other and bring in other traders from their daily life which causes the network to organically grow. Witnessing this organic growth recorded on the blockchain is amazing.
@ -84,42 +80,3 @@ These examples highlight the proof of impact Community Currency continues to mak
#cryptocurrency #blockchain #impact #sustainabledevelopment #Kenya #communitycurrency
#cryptocurrency #blockchain #impact #sustainabledevelopment #Kenya #communitycurrency
#cryptocurrency #blockchain #impact #sustainabledevelopment #Kenya #communitycurrency
#cryptocurrency #blockchain #impact #sustainabledevelopment #Kenya #communitycurrency
#cryptocurrency #blockchain #impact #sustainabledevelopment #Kenya #communitycurrency
`#cryptocurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/cryptocurrency>`_
#cryptocurrency
`#blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/blockchain>`_
#blockchain
`#impact <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/impact>`_
#impact
`#sustainabledevelopment <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/sustainabledevelopment>`_
#sustainabledevelopment
`#Kenya <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Kenya>`_
#Kenya
`#communitycurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrency>`_
#communitycurrency

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@ -62,17 +62,3 @@ Wanjala's school in Nairobi (Sifa Children's Home) is one of three (including Ka
#education #schoolfees #bangla
`#education <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/education>`_
#education
`#schoolfees <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/schoolfees>`_
#schoolfees
`#bangla <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/bangla>`_
#bangla

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Community-based savings and loans are often what keep under-resourced economies afloat. In Kenya, these savings groups or chamas, as they are locally known, are an important source of funds in times of scarcity. We zone in on some of the women who use Sarafu to show how the community currency has enabled them to increase their savings.
*Community-based savings and loans are often what keep under-resourced economies afloat. In Kenya, these savings groups or chamas, as they are locally known, are an important source of funds in times of scarcity. We zone in on some of the women who use Sarafu to show how the community currency has enabled them to increase their savings.*
Community-based savings and loans are often what keep under-resourced economies afloat. In Kenya, these savings groups or chamas, as they are locally known, are an important source of funds in times of scarcity. We zone in on some of the women who use Sarafu to show how the community currency has enabled them to increase their savings.
:title: When a woman saves the community wins
:date: Jun 20 2019
:slug: when-a
:author: rebeccamqamelo
Community-based savings and loans are often what keep under-resourced economies afloat. In Kenya, these savings groups or *chamas*, as they are locally known, are an important source of funds in times of scarcity. We zone in on some of the women who use Sarafu to show how the community currency has enabled them to increase their savings.
**How it works: Reba's story**
**How it works: Reba's story**
.. image:: images/blog/when-a32.webp
.. image:: images/blog/when-a1.webp
@ -44,7 +42,7 @@ Reba believes in the power of collective saving. Since using Sarafu, she has not
**A new financial savings tool**
**A new financial savings tool**
@ -107,58 +105,9 @@ Before using Sarafu, Kuzumi Katuma used to save between 1,000 and 2,000 Kenyan s
Grace Dzidza lives in Miyani and sells paraffin. She says using Sarafu helped her grow her customer base and she can now save about 600 Kenyan shillings more per month than she was able to before. She uses most of this money to pay for one of her daughter’s high school fees.
@ -171,17 +120,3 @@ Community currencies are a multi-dimensional development tool. These women’s s
#saving #sustainabledevelopment #women
`#saving <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/saving>`_
#saving
`#sustainabledevelopment <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/sustainabledevelopment>`_
#sustainabledevelopment
`#women <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/women>`_
#women

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@ -8,13 +8,12 @@
.. image:: images/blog/white-house18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/white-house1.webp
Grassroots Economics Director, Caroline Dama, visited the White House on Wednesday as a finalist in the WomensConnect USAID program
*Grassroots Economics Director, Caroline Dama, visited the White House on Wednesday as a finalist in the WomensConnect USAID program*
*Grassroots Economics Director, Caroline Dama, visited the White House on Wednesday as a finalist in the WomensConnect USAID program*
@ -56,42 +55,3 @@ This revolutionary program will be piloted in partnership with Bancor Foundation
#usaid #white #house #usa #bancor #blockchain
#usaid #white #house #usa #bancor #blockchain
#usaid #white #house #usa #bancor #blockchain
#usaid #white #house #usa #bancor #blockchain
#usaid #white #house #usa #bancor #blockchain
`#usaid <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/usaid>`_
#usaid
`#white <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/white>`_
#white
`#house <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/house>`_
#house
`#usa <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/usa>`_
#usa
`#bancor <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/bancor>`_
#bancor
`#blockchain <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/blockchain>`_
#blockchain

23
content/blog/who-could.rst
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@ -47,26 +47,3 @@ This year, the program saw around 90 street children and youth, like Amfrey, Oma
#motomoto #performingarts #poi #burnerswithoutborders
#motomoto #performingarts #poi #burnerswithoutborders
#motomoto #performingarts #poi #burnerswithoutborders
`#motomoto <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/motomoto>`_
#motomoto
`#performingarts <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/performingarts>`_
#performingarts
`#poi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/poi>`_
#poi
`#burnerswithoutborders <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/burnerswithoutborders>`_
#burnerswithoutborders

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@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
:date: Jan 29, 2019
:slug: why-robinson
:summary: S: How long have you been on this island?
R.C.: Thirty years.
S: and you still appeal to the theory of value?!?! .....
:summary: S: How long have you been on this island?
R.C.: Thirty years.
S: and you still appeal to the theory of value?!?! .....
@ -14,40 +14,23 @@ S: and you still appeal to the theory of value?!?! .....
.. image:: images/blog/why-robinson21.webp
.. image:: images/blog/why-robinson1.webp
Silvio Gesell wrote his theory of money and ‘a natural economic order’, from which this story is extracted, in 1890. His views on interest bearing debt at the heart of capitalism's failure have led currency innovators for over 100 years.
**Silvio Gesell wrote his theory of money and ‘a natural economic order’, from which this story is extracted, in 1890. His views on interest bearing debt at the heart of capitalism's failure have led currency innovators for over 100 years.**
Silvio Gesell wrote his theory of money and ‘a natural economic order’, from which this story is extracted, in 1890. His views on interest bearing debt at the heart of capitalism's failure have led currency innovators for over 100 years.
Silvio Gesell wrote his theory of money and ‘a natural economic order’, from which this story is extracted, in **1890**. His views on interest bearing debt at the heart of capitalism's failure have led currency innovators for over 100 years.
Thanks to Prof. Ester Barinaga for pointing it out to me again - It is one of my favorite just-so stories (Along with the 11th Round and The 3 EURO or 300 Shillling Note) that call out the dysfunction of our global economic system in a way we can all understand.
Thanks to Prof. Ester Barinaga for pointing it out to me again - It is one of my favorite just-so stories (Along with the `11th Round <http://www.lietaer.com/2010/09/the-story-of-the-11th-round/>`_ and The 3 EURO or 300 Shillling Note) that call out the dysfunction of our global economic system in a way we can all understand.
Thanks to Prof. Ester Barinaga for pointing it out to me again - It is one of my favorite just-so stories (Along with the 11th Round and The 3 EURO or 300 Shillling Note) that call out the dysfunction of our global economic system in a way we can all understand.
*Thanks to Prof. Ester Barinaga for pointing it out to me again - It is one of my favorite just-so stories (Along with the 11th Round and The 3 EURO or 300 Shillling Note) that call out the dysfunction of our global economic system in a way we can all understand.*
Thanks to Prof. Ester Barinaga for pointing it out to me again - It is one of my favorite just-so stories (Along with the 11th Round and The 3 EURO or 300 Shillling Note) that call out the dysfunction of our global economic system in a way we can all understand.
`11th Round <http://www.lietaer.com/2010/09/the-story-of-the-11th-round/>`_
**A Story of Robinson Crusoe - by Silvio Gesell 1890**
*A Story of Robinson Crusoe - by Silvio Gesell 1890*
**A Story of Robinson Crusoe - by Silvio Gesell 1890**
To introduce the theory of interest here expounded, and to facilitate the removal of old prejudices, which are nowhere stronger than in connection with the subject of interest, I shall begin with a story of Robinson Crusoe.
@ -110,419 +93,175 @@ At these words Crusoe’s thoughts flew from his provisions to the possibility o
**Robinson Crusoe: An admirable religion! But from what motive do you expect me to advance you provisions from my stores if you pay me no interest?**
**Robinson Crusoe:** An admirable religion! But from what motive do you expect me to advance you provisions from my stores if you pay me no interest?
Robinson Crusoe: An admirable religion! But from what motive do you expect me to advance you provisions from my stores if you pay me no interest?
**Stranger: From pure egoism, my dear fellow, from your self-interest rightly understood. Because you gain, and gain enormously.**
Stranger: From pure egoism, my dear fellow, from your self-interest rightly understood. Because you gain, and gain enormously.
**Stranger:** From pure egoism, my dear fellow, from your self-interest rightly understood. Because you gain, and gain enormously.
**R.C.: That, stranger you have to prove. I confess that I can see no advantage in lending you my provisions free of interest.**
**R.C.:** That, stranger you have to prove. I confess that I can see no advantage in lending you my provisions free of interest.
R.C.: That, stranger you have to prove. I confess that I can see no advantage in lending you my provisions free of interest.
**S:** I shall prove it in black and white, and if you can follow my proof, you will agree to a loan without interest, and thank me into the bargain. I need, first of all, clothes, for, as you can see, I am naked. Have you a supply of clothes?
**S: I shall prove it in black and white, and if you can follow my proof, you will agree to a loan without interest, and thank me into the bargain. I need, first of all, clothes, for, as you can see, I am naked. Have you a supply of clothes?**
S: I shall prove it in black and white, and if you can follow my proof, you will agree to a loan without interest, and thank me into the bargain. I need, first of all, clothes, for, as you can see, I am naked. Have you a supply of clothes?
**R.C.:** That chest is packed with buckskin suits.
**S:** My dear Crusoe! I had more respect for your intelligence. Just fancy nailing up clothes for three years in a chest – buckskins, the favorite diet of moths! And buckskins must be kept aired and rubbed with grease, otherwise they become hard and brittle.
S: I shall prove it in black and white, and if you can follow my proof, you will agree to a loan without interest, and thank me into the bargain. I need, first of all, clothes, for, as you can see, I am naked. Have you a supply of clothes?
**R.C.:** That is true, but I have no choice in the matter. They would be no safer in my clothes-cupboard – less safe, indeed, for it is infested by rats and mice as well as by moths.
S: I shall prove it in black and white, and if you can follow my proof, you will agree to a loan without interest, and thank me into the bargain. I need, first of all, clothes, for, as you can see, I am naked. Have you a supply of clothes?
**S:** The mice will get them in any case. Look how they have already started to gnaw their way in!
**R.C.: That chest is packed with buckskin suits.**
**R.C.:** Confound the brutes! I am helpless against them.
R.C.: That chest is packed with buckskin suits.
**S:** What! A human being helpless against mice! I will show you how to protect yourself against rats and mice and moths, against thieves and brittleness, dust and mildew. Lend me these clothes for one, two or three years and I agree to make you new clothes as soon as you require them. You will receive as many suits as you have lent me, and the new suits will be far superior to those you would have taken from this chest. Nor will you regret the absence of the particular perfume you have employed! Do you agree?
**S: My dear Crusoe! I had more respect for your intelligence. Just fancy nailing up clothes for three years in a chest – buckskins, the favorite diet of moths! And buckskins must be kept aired and rubbed with grease, otherwise they become hard and brittle.**
S: My dear Crusoe! I had more respect for your intelligence. Just fancy nailing up clothes for three years in a chest – buckskins, the favorite diet of moths! And buckskins must be kept aired and rubbed with grease, otherwise they become hard and brittle.
**R.C.:** Yes, stranger, I agree to lend you the chest of clothes; I see that, in this case, the loan, even without interest, is to my advantage.
S: My dear Crusoe! I had more respect for your intelligence. Just fancy nailing up clothes for three years in a chest – buckskins, the favorite diet of moths! And buckskins must be kept aired and rubbed with grease, otherwise they become hard and brittle.
**S:** Now show me your wheat; I need some for bread and seed,
S: My dear Crusoe! I had more respect for your intelligence. Just fancy nailing up clothes for three years in a chest – buckskins, the favorite diet of moths! And buckskins must be kept aired and rubbed with grease, otherwise they become hard and brittle.
**R.C.:** It is buried in this mound.
**R.C.: That is true, but I have no choice in the matter. They would be no safer in my clothes-cupboard – less safe, indeed, for it is infested by rats and mice as well as by moths.**
**S:** Wheat buried for three years! What about mildew and beetles?
R.C.: That is true, but I have no choice in the matter. They would be no safer in my clothes-cupboard – less safe, indeed, for it is infested by rats and mice as well as by moths.
**R.C.:** I have thought of them and considered every other possibility, but this is the best I can do.
**S: The mice will get them in any case. Look how they have already started to gnaw their way in!**
S: The mice will get them in any case. Look how they have already started to gnaw their way in!
**S:** Just bend down a moment. Observe this beetle crawling on the surface of the mound. Note the garbage and the spreading patch of mildew. It is high time to take out and air the wheat.
**R.C.:** This capital will be my ruin! If I only could find some method of protecting myself against the thousand destructive forces of nature!
S: The mice will get them in any case. Look how they have already started to gnaw their way in!
**S:** Let me tell you, Crusoe, how we manage at home. We build a dry and airy shed and shake out the wheat on the boarded floor. Every three weeks the whole mass is turned over with wooden shovels. We also keep a number of cats; we set mouse-traps and insure against fire. In this way we keep the annual depreciation down to 10 per cent.
S: The mice will get them in any case. Look how they have already started to gnaw their way in!
**R.C.:** But the labor and expense!
**R.C.: Confound the brutes! I am helpless against them.**
**S:** Exactly You shrink from the labor and expense. In that case you have another course. Lend me your wheat and I shall replace it, pound for pound, sack for sack, with fresh wheat from my harvest. You thus save the labor of building a shed and turning over the wheat; you need feed no cats, you avoid the loss of weight, and instead of mouldy rubbish you will have fresh, nutritious wheat.
R.C.: Confound the brutes! I am helpless against them.
**R.C.:** With all my heart I accept your proposal.
**S:** That is, you will lend me your wheat free of interest?
**S: What! A human being helpless against mice! I will show you how to protect yourself against rats and mice and moths, against thieves and brittleness, dust and mildew. Lend me these clothes for one, two or three years and I agree to make you new clothes as soon as you require them. You will receive as many suits as you have lent me, and the new suits will be far superior to those you would have taken from this chest. Nor will you regret the absence of the particular perfume you have employed! Do you agree?**
**R.C.:** Certainly; without interest and with my best thanks.
S: What! A human being helpless against mice! I will show you how to protect yourself against rats and mice and moths, against thieves and brittleness, dust and mildew. Lend me these clothes for one, two or three years and I agree to make you new clothes as soon as you require them. You will receive as many suits as you have lent me, and the new suits will be far superior to those you would have taken from this chest. Nor will you regret the absence of the particular perfume you have employed! Do you agree?
**S:** But I can only use part of the wheat, I do not need it all.
**R.C.:** Suppose I give you the whole store with the understanding that for every ten sacks lent you give me back nine sacks?
S: What! A human being helpless against mice! I will show you how to protect yourself against rats and mice and moths, against thieves and brittleness, dust and mildew. Lend me these clothes for one, two or three years and I agree to make you new clothes as soon as you require them. You will receive as many suits as you have lent me, and the new suits will be far superior to those you would have taken from this chest. Nor will you regret the absence of the particular perfume you have employed! Do you agree?
**S:** I must decline your offer, for it would mean interest – not indeed positive, but negative interest. The receiver, not the giver of the loan, would be a capitalist, and my religion does not permit usury; even negative interest is forbidden. I propose therefore the following agreement. Entrust me with the supervision of your wheat, the construction of the shed, and whatever else is necessary. In return you can pay me, annually, from every ten sacks two sacks as wages.
S: What! A human being helpless against mice! I will show you how to protect yourself against rats and mice and moths, against thieves and brittleness, dust and mildew. Lend me these clothes for one, two or three years and I agree to make you new clothes as soon as you require them. You will receive as many suits as you have lent me, and the new suits will be far superior to those you would have taken from this chest. Nor will you regret the absence of the particular perfume you have employed! Do you agree?
**R.C.: Yes, stranger, I agree to lend you the chest of clothes; I see that, in this case, the loan, even without interest, is to my advantage.**
**R.C.:** It makes no difference to me whether your service comes under the heading of usury or of labor. The agreement is, then, that I give you ten sacks and that you give me back eight sacks?
R.C.: Yes, stranger, I agree to lend you the chest of clothes; I see that, in this case, the loan, even without interest, is to my advantage.
**S:** But I need other articles, a plough, a cart and tools. Do you consent to lend them, also, without interest? I promise to return everything in perfect order, a new spade for a new spade, a new, unrusted, chain for a new chain, and so forth.
**R.C.:** Of course I consent. All I have at present from my stores is work. Lately the river overflowed and flooded the shed, covering everything with mud. Then a storm blew off the roof and everything was damaged by rain. Now we have drought, and the wind is blowing in sand and dust. Rust, decay, breakage, drought, light, darkness, dry-rot, ants, keep up a never-ending attack. We can congratulate ourselves here upon having , at least, no thieves and incendiaries. I am delighted that, by means of a loan, I can now store my belongings without expense, labor, loss or vexation, until I need them later.
**S: Now show me your wheat; I need some for bread and seed,**
**S:** That is, you now see the advantage you gain by lending me your provisions free of interest?
S: Now show me your wheat; I need some for bread and seed,
**R.C.:** Of course I do. But the question now occurs to me, why do similar stores of provisions at home bring their possessors interest?
**R.C.: It is buried in this mound.**
**S:** The explanation lies in money which is there the medium of such transactions.
R.C.: It is buried in this mound.
**R.C.:** What? The cause of interest lies in money? That is impossible, for listen to what Marx says of money and interest: " Work is the source of interest (surplus-value). Interest, which converts money into capital, cannot be derived from money. If it is true that money is a medium of exchange, then its function is merely to pay the price of the goods which it purchases. If it thus remains unchanged it cannot increase in value. Surplus value (interest) must therefore be derived from the goods purchased which are sold at an increase of price. This change can neither occur at the time of purchase not at the time of sale, for on these occasions equivalents are exchanged. The only remaining hypothesis is, therefore, that the change happens through the use of the goods after their purchase and before their sale." (Marx. Capital, chap. VI).
**S: Wheat buried for three years! What about mildew and beetles?**
S: Wheat buried for three years! What about mildew and beetles?
**R.C.: I have thought of them and considered every other possibility, but this is the best I can do.**
R.C.: I have thought of them and considered every other possibility, but this is the best I can do.
**S: Just bend down a moment. Observe this beetle crawling on the surface of the mound. Note the garbage and the spreading patch of mildew. It is high time to take out and air the wheat.**
S: Just bend down a moment. Observe this beetle crawling on the surface of the mound. Note the garbage and the spreading patch of mildew. It is high time to take out and air the wheat.
S: Just bend down a moment. Observe this beetle crawling on the surface of the mound. Note the garbage and the spreading patch of mildew. It is high time to take out and air the wheat.
S: Just bend down a moment. Observe this beetle crawling on the surface of the mound. Note the garbage and the spreading patch of mildew. It is high time to take out and air the wheat.
**R.C.: This capital will be my ruin! If I only could find some method of protecting myself against the thousand destructive forces of nature!**
R.C.: This capital will be my ruin! If I only could find some method of protecting myself against the thousand destructive forces of nature!
**S: Let me tell you, Crusoe, how we manage at home. We build a dry and airy shed and shake out the wheat on the boarded floor. Every three weeks the whole mass is turned over with wooden shovels. We also keep a number of cats; we set mouse-traps and insure against fire. In this way we keep the annual depreciation down to 10 per cent.**
S: Let me tell you, Crusoe, how we manage at home. We build a dry and airy shed and shake out the wheat on the boarded floor. Every three weeks the whole mass is turned over with wooden shovels. We also keep a number of cats; we set mouse-traps and insure against fire. In this way we keep the annual depreciation down to 10 per cent.
S: Let me tell you, Crusoe, how we manage at home. We build a dry and airy shed and shake out the wheat on the boarded floor. Every three weeks the whole mass is turned over with wooden shovels. We also keep a number of cats; we set mouse-traps and insure against fire. In this way we keep the annual depreciation down to 10 per cent.
S: Let me tell you, Crusoe, how we manage at home. We build a dry and airy shed and shake out the wheat on the boarded floor. Every three weeks the whole mass is turned over with wooden shovels. We also keep a number of cats; we set mouse-traps and insure against fire. In this way we keep the annual depreciation down to 10 per cent.
**R.C.: But the labor and expense!**
R.C.: But the labor and expense!
**S: Exactly You shrink from the labor and expense. In that case you have another course. Lend me your wheat and I shall replace it, pound for pound, sack for sack, with fresh wheat from my harvest. You thus save the labor of building a shed and turning over the wheat; you need feed no cats, you avoid the loss of weight, and instead of mouldy rubbish you will have fresh, nutritious wheat.**
S: Exactly You shrink from the labor and expense. In that case you have another course. Lend me your wheat and I shall replace it, pound for pound, sack for sack, with fresh wheat from my harvest. You thus save the labor of building a shed and turning over the wheat; you need feed no cats, you avoid the loss of weight, and instead of mouldy rubbish you will have fresh, nutritious wheat.
S: Exactly You shrink from the labor and expense. In that case you have another course. Lend me your wheat and I shall replace it, pound for pound, sack for sack, with fresh wheat from my harvest. You thus save the labor of building a shed and turning over the wheat; you need feed no cats, you avoid the loss of weight, and instead of mouldy rubbish you will have fresh, nutritious wheat.
S: Exactly You shrink from the labor and expense. In that case you have another course. Lend me your wheat and I shall replace it, pound for pound, sack for sack, with fresh wheat from my harvest. You thus save the labor of building a shed and turning over the wheat; you need feed no cats, you avoid the loss of weight, and instead of mouldy rubbish you will have fresh, nutritious wheat.
**R.C.: With all my heart I accept your proposal.**
R.C.: With all my heart I accept your proposal.
**S: That is, you will lend me your wheat free of interest?**
S: That is, you will lend me your wheat free of interest?
S: That is, you will lend me your wheat free of interest?
S: That is, you will lend me your wheat free of interest?
**R.C.: Certainly; without interest and with my best thanks.**
R.C.: Certainly; without interest and with my best thanks.
**S: But I can only use part of the wheat, I do not need it all.**
S: But I can only use part of the wheat, I do not need it all.
**R.C.:Suppose I give you the whole store with the understanding that for every ten sacks lent you give me back nine sacks?**
R.C.:Suppose I give you the whole store with the understanding that for every ten sacks lent you give me back nine sacks?
**S: I must decline your offer, for it would mean interest – not indeed positive, but negative interest. The receiver, not the giver of the loan, would be a capitalist, and my religion does not permit usury; even negative interest is forbidden. I propose therefore the following agreement. Entrust me with the supervision of your wheat, the construction of the shed, and whatever else is necessary. In return you can pay me, annually, from every ten sacks two sacks as wages.**
S: I must decline your offer, for it would mean interest – not indeed positive, but negative interest. The receiver, not the giver of the loan, would be a capitalist, and my religion does not permit usury; even negative interest is forbidden. I propose therefore the following agreement. Entrust me with the supervision of your wheat, the construction of the shed, and whatever else is necessary. In return you can pay me, annually, from every ten sacks two sacks as wages.
S: I must decline your offer, for it would mean interest – not indeed positive, but negative interest. The receiver, not the giver of the loan, would be a capitalist, and my religion does not permit usury; even negative interest is forbidden. I propose therefore the following agreement. Entrust me with the supervision of your wheat, the construction of the shed, and whatever else is necessary. In return you can pay me, annually, from every ten sacks two sacks as wages.
S: I must decline your offer, for it would mean interest – not indeed positive, but negative interest. The receiver, not the giver of the loan, would be a capitalist, and my religion does not permit usury; even negative interest is forbidden. I propose therefore the following agreement. Entrust me with the supervision of your wheat, the construction of the shed, and whatever else is necessary. In return you can pay me, annually, from every ten sacks two sacks as wages.
**R.C.: It makes no difference to me whether your service comes under the heading of usury or of labor. The agreement is, then, that I give you ten sacks and that you give me back eight sacks?**
R.C.: It makes no difference to me whether your service comes under the heading of usury or of labor. The agreement is, then, that I give you ten sacks and that you give me back eight sacks?
**S: But I need other articles, a plough, a cart and tools. Do you consent to lend them, also, without interest? I promise to return everything in perfect order, a new spade for a new spade, a new, unrusted, chain for a new chain, and so forth.**
S: But I need other articles, a plough, a cart and tools. Do you consent to lend them, also, without interest? I promise to return everything in perfect order, a new spade for a new spade, a new, unrusted, chain for a new chain, and so forth.
S: But I need other articles, a plough, a cart and tools. Do you consent to lend them, also, without interest? I promise to return everything in perfect order, a new spade for a new spade, a new, unrusted, chain for a new chain, and so forth.
S: But I need other articles, a plough, a cart and tools. Do you consent to lend them, also, without interest? I promise to return everything in perfect order, a new spade for a new spade, a new, unrusted, chain for a new chain, and so forth.
**R.C.: Of course I consent. All I have at present from my stores is work. Lately the river overflowed and flooded the shed, covering everything with mud. Then a storm blew off the roof and everything was damaged by rain. Now we have drought, and the wind is blowing in sand and dust. Rust, decay, breakage, drought, light, darkness, dry-rot, ants, keep up a never-ending attack. We can congratulate ourselves here upon having , at least, no thieves and incendiaries. I am delighted that, by means of a loan, I can now store my belongings without expense, labor, loss or vexation, until I need them later.**
R.C.: Of course I consent. All I have at present from my stores is work. Lately the river overflowed and flooded the shed, covering everything with mud. Then a storm blew off the roof and everything was damaged by rain. Now we have drought, and the wind is blowing in sand and dust. Rust, decay, breakage, drought, light, darkness, dry-rot, ants, keep up a never-ending attack. We can congratulate ourselves here upon having , at least, no thieves and incendiaries. I am delighted that, by means of a loan, I can now store my belongings without expense, labor, loss or vexation, until I need them later.
**S: That is, you now see the advantage you gain by lending me your provisions free of interest?**
S: That is, you now see the advantage you gain by lending me your provisions free of interest?
S: That is, you now see the advantage you gain by lending me your provisions free of interest?
S: That is, you now see the advantage you gain by lending me your provisions free of interest?
**R.C.: Of course I do. But the question now occurs to me, why do similar stores of provisions at home bring their possessors interest?**
R.C.: Of course I do. But the question now occurs to me, why do similar stores of provisions at home bring their possessors interest?
**S: The explanation lies in money which is there the medium of such transactions.**
S: The explanation lies in money which is there the medium of such transactions.
S: The explanation lies in money which is there the medium of such transactions.
S: The explanation lies in money which is there the medium of such transactions.
**R.C.: What? The cause of interest lies in money? That is impossible, for listen to what Marx says of money and interest: " Work is the source of interest (surplus-value). Interest, which converts money into capital, cannot be derived from money. If it is true that money is a medium of exchange, then its function is merely to pay the price of the goods which it purchases. If it thus remains unchanged it cannot increase in value. Surplus value (interest) must therefore be derived from the goods purchased which are sold at an increase of price. This change can neither occur at the time of purchase not at the time of sale, for on these occasions equivalents are exchanged. The only remaining hypothesis is, therefore, that the change happens through the use of the goods after their purchase and before their sale." (Marx. Capital, chap. VI).**
R.C.: What? The cause of interest lies in money? That is impossible, for listen to what Marx says of money and interest: " Work is the source of interest (surplus-value). Interest, which converts money into capital, cannot be derived from money. If it is true that money is a medium of exchange, then its function is merely to pay the price of the goods which it purchases. If it thus remains unchanged it cannot increase in value. Surplus value (interest) must therefore be derived from the goods purchased which are sold at an increase of price. This change can neither occur at the time of purchase not at the time of sale, for on these occasions equivalents are exchanged. The only remaining hypothesis is, therefore, that the change happens through the use of the goods after their purchase and before their sale." (Marx. Capital, chap. VI).
**S: How long have you been on this island?**
S: How long have you been on this island?
**R.C.: Thirty years.**
**R.C.:** Thirty years.
R.C.: Thirty years.
**S:** I thought so! You still appeal to the theory of value. My dear Sir, that theory is dead and buried. At the present day it has no representatives.
**R.C.:** What? You assert that Marx’s theory of interest is dead and buried? Even if no one else represents it – I represent it!
**S:** Well then, represent it not only in theory but also in practice – if you wish, in relation to me! I hereby break off the bargain we have just made. From their nature and destination your goods are the purest form of what is usually called capital. I challenge you to take up the position of a capitalist towards me. I need your stuff. No worker ever appeared before a capitalist as naked as I stand before you. Never has there been so clear an illustration of the relation between the owner of capital and the individual in need of capital. And now make the attempt to exact interest! Shall we begin our bargaining again from the beginning?
**R.C.:** Surrender! Rats, moths and rust have broken my power as a capitalist. But tell me, what is your explanation of interest?
**S:** The explanation is simple enough. If there were a monetary system on this island and I , as a shipwrecked traveller, needed a loan, I would have to apply to a money –lender for money to buy things which you have just lent me without interest. But a money-lender has not to worry about rats, moths, rust and roof-repairing, so I could not have taken up the position towards him that I have taken up towards you. The loss inseparable from the ownership of goods (there is the dog running off with one of your – or rather – my buckskins!) is borne, not by moneylenders, but by those who have to store the goods. The money-lender is free from such cares and is unmoved by the ingenious arguments which found the joints in your armour. You did not nail up your chest of buckskins when I refused to pay interest; the nature of your capital made you willing to continue the negotiations. Not so the money-capitalist; he would bang the door of his strong-room before my face if I announced that I would pay no interest. Yet I do not need the money itself, I only need money to buy buckskins. The buckskins you give me without interest: but upon the money to buy buckskins I must pay interest!
**R.C.:** Then the cause of interest is to be sought in money? And Marx is wrong?
**S:** Of course Marx is wrong. He under-estimated the importance of money, the nervous system of economic life, so it is not surprising that he went wrong over other things of fundamental importance. Like all his disciples he made the mistake of excluding money form the scope of his inquiry. He was fascinated by the shining metal disks, otherwise he could never have used the following words: "Gold and silver are not by nature money, but money is by nature gold and silver, witness the coincidence of their natural properties with its functions".
**R.C.:** Practice certainly does not agree with Marx’s theory – that has been clearly proved by our negotiations. Money is for Marx only a medium of exchange; but money does more, it seems, than "merely pay the price of the goods it purchases". When the borrower refuses to pay interest, the banker can bang the door of his safe without experiencing any of the cares which beset the owner of goods (capital) – that is the root of the matter.
**S: I thought so! You still appeal to the theory of value. My dear Sir, that theory is dead and buried. At the present day it has no representatives.**
S: I thought so! You still appeal to the theory of value. My dear Sir, that theory is dead and buried. At the present day it has no representatives.
**R.C.: What? You assert that Marx’s theory of interest is dead and buried? Even if no one else represents it – I represent it!**
R.C.: What? You assert that Marx’s theory of interest is dead and buried? Even if no one else represents it – I represent it!
**S: Well then, represent it not only in theory but also in practice – if you wish, in relation to me! I hereby break off the bargain we have just made. From their nature and destination your goods are the purest form of what is usually called capital. I challenge you to take up the position of a capitalist towards me. I need your stuff. No worker ever appeared before a capitalist as naked as I stand before you. Never has there been so clear an illustration of the relation between the owner of capital and the individual in need of capital. And now make the attempt to exact interest! Shall we begin our bargaining again from the beginning?**
S: Well then, represent it not only in theory but also in practice – if you wish, in relation to me! I hereby break off the bargain we have just made. From their nature and destination your goods are the purest form of what is usually called capital. I challenge you to take up the position of a capitalist towards me. I need your stuff. No worker ever appeared before a capitalist as naked as I stand before you. Never has there been so clear an illustration of the relation between the owner of capital and the individual in need of capital. And now make the attempt to exact interest! Shall we begin our bargaining again from the beginning?
**R.C.: Surrender! Rats, moths and rust have broken my power as a capitalist. But tell me, what is your explanation of interest?**
R.C.: Surrender! Rats, moths and rust have broken my power as a capitalist. But tell me, what is your explanation of interest?
**S: The explanation is simple enough. If there were a monetary system on this island and I , as a shipwrecked traveller, needed a loan, I would have to apply to a money –lender for money to buy things which you have just lent me without interest. But a money-lender has not to worry about rats, moths, rust and roof-repairing, so I could not have taken up the position towards him that I have taken up towards you. The loss inseparable from the ownership of goods (there is the dog running off with one of your – or rather – my buckskins!) is borne, not by moneylenders, but by those who have to store the goods. The money-lender is free from such cares and is unmoved by the ingenious arguments which found the joints in your armour. You did not nail up your chest of buckskins when I refused to pay interest; the nature of your capital made you willing to continue the negotiations. Not so the money-capitalist; he would bang the door of his strong-room before my face if I announced that I would pay no interest. Yet I do not need the money itself, I only need money to buy buckskins. The buckskins you give me without interest: but upon the money to buy buckskins I must pay interest!**
S: The explanation is simple enough. If there were a monetary system on this island and I , as a shipwrecked traveller, needed a loan, I would have to apply to a money –lender for money to buy things which you have just lent me without interest. But a money-lender has not to worry about rats, moths, rust and roof-repairing, so I could not have taken up the position towards him that I have taken up towards you. The loss inseparable from the ownership of goods (there is the dog running off with one of your – or rather – my buckskins!) is borne, not by moneylenders, but by those who have to store the goods. The money-lender is free from such cares and is unmoved by the ingenious arguments which found the joints in your armour. You did not nail up your chest of buckskins when I refused to pay interest; the nature of your capital made you willing to continue the negotiations. Not so the money-capitalist; he would bang the door of his strong-room before my face if I announced that I would pay no interest. Yet I do not need the money itself, I only need money to buy buckskins. The buckskins you give me without interest: but upon the money to buy buckskins I must pay interest!
**R.C.: Then the cause of interest is to be sought in money? And Marx is wrong?**
R.C.: Then the cause of interest is to be sought in money? And Marx is wrong?
**S: Of course Marx is wrong. He under-estimated the importance of money, the nervous system of economic life, so it is not surprising that he went wrong over other things of fundamental importance. Like all his disciples he made the mistake of excluding money form the scope of his inquiry. He was fascinated by the shining metal disks, otherwise he could never have used the following words: "Gold and silver are not by nature money, but money is by nature gold and silver, witness the coincidence of their natural properties with its functions".**
S: Of course Marx is wrong. He under-estimated the importance of money, the nervous system of economic life, so it is not surprising that he went wrong over other things of fundamental importance. Like all his disciples he made the mistake of excluding money form the scope of his inquiry. He was fascinated by the shining metal disks, otherwise he could never have used the following words: "Gold and silver are not by nature money, but money is by nature gold and silver, witness the coincidence of their natural properties with its functions".
**R.C.: Practice certainly does not agree with Marx’s theory – that has been clearly proved by our negotiations. Money is for Marx only a medium of exchange; but money does more, it seems, than "merely pay the price of the goods it purchases". When the borrower refuses to pay interest, the banker can bang the door of his safe without experiencing any of the cares which beset the owner of goods (capital) – that is the root of the matter.**
R.C.: Practice certainly does not agree with Marx’s theory – that has been clearly proved by our negotiations. Money is for Marx only a medium of exchange; but money does more, it seems, than "merely pay the price of the goods it purchases". When the borrower refuses to pay interest, the banker can bang the door of his safe without experiencing any of the cares which beset the owner of goods (capital) – that is the root of the matter.
**S: Rats, moths and rust are powerful logicians! A single hour of economic practice has taught you more than years of study in the text-books.**
S: Rats, moths and rust are powerful logicians! A single hour of economic practice has taught you more than years of study in the text-books.
**S:** Rats, moths and rust are powerful logicians! A single hour of economic practice has taught you more than years of study in the text-books.
@ -538,13 +277,7 @@ The End
As an aside here - we don't currently employ a 'devaluing' currency in our Community Currencies - but rather we pull from it into a community fund that is redistributed as a basic income. We call this demurrage with is essentially a tax on hoarding and a convenient source of a universal basic income.
**As an aside here - we don't currently employ a 'devaluing' currency in our Community Currencies - but rather we pull from it into a community fund that is redistributed as a basic income. We call this demurrage with is essentially a tax on hoarding and a convenient source of a universal basic income.**
As an aside here - we don't currently employ a 'devaluing' currency in our Community Currencies - but rather we pull from it into a community fund that is redistributed as a basic income. We call this demurrage with is essentially a tax on hoarding and a convenient source of a universal basic income.
As an aside here - we don't currently employ a 'devaluing' currency in our Community Currencies - but rather we pull from it into a community fund that is redistributed as a basic income. We call this **demurrage** with is essentially a tax on hoarding and a convenient source of a universal basic income.

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@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
:summary: It is Women who make up as much as 90% of these networks and are the foundation of the real economy. Enjoy reading about people...
*It is Women who make up as much as 90% of these networks and are the foundation of the real economy. Enjoy reading about people supporting each other in ways we never though possible without National Currency! Special shout out for for International Women's Day !*
*It is Women who make up as much as 90% of these networks and are the foundation of the real economy. Enjoy reading about people supporting each other in ways we never though possible without National Currency! Special shout out for for International Women's Day !*
@ -27,15 +27,13 @@ We've never been able to link currencies together like this before and now have
**1. CONGO**
**1. CONGO**
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered42.webp
**Susan Lukobo joined Sarafu 4 years ago. Ever since she joined Sarafu (using Congo Pesa her communities currency), she is able to pay teacher’s salaries on time, she has her pupils in class everyday every week, she no longer sends pupils home for school fees since her parents pay fee in Sarafu. She repairs desks from a carpenter who uses Sarafu and her school cook is able to buy lunch at a cheaper rate since she purchases from the Sarafu users.**
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered1.webp
Susan Lukobo joined Sarafu 4 years ago. Ever since she joined Sarafu (using Congo Pesa her communities currency), she is able to pay teacher’s salaries on time, she has her pupils in class everyday every week, she no longer sends pupils home for school fees since her parents pay fee in Sarafu. She repairs desks from a carpenter who uses Sarafu and her school cook is able to buy lunch at a cheaper rate since she purchases from the Sarafu users.
**Susan Lukobo** joined Sarafu 4 years ago. Ever since she joined Sarafu (using Congo Pesa her communities currency), she is able to pay teacher’s salaries on time, she has her pupils in class everyday every week, she no longer sends pupils home for school fees since her parents pay fee in Sarafu. She repairs desks from a carpenter who uses Sarafu and her school cook is able to buy lunch at a cheaper rate since she purchases from the Sarafu users.
@ -43,12 +41,9 @@ Susan Lukobo joined Sarafu 4 years ago. Ever since she joined Sarafu (using Cong
**Teacher Eric Mwaka joined sarafu four years ago. Sarafu has helped him save Kenya shillings as he is able to purchase his basic needs from other Sarafu users and in return he offers tuition their children. The amount in Kenya shillings that he is able to save on daily basis, he sends it to his family who are in the village.**
Teacher Eric Mwaka joined sarafu four years ago. Sarafu has helped him save Kenya shillings as he is able to purchase his basic needs from other Sarafu users and in return he offers tuition their children. The amount in Kenya shillings that he is able to save on daily basis, he sends it to his family who are in the village.
**Teacher Eric Mwaka** joined sarafu four years ago. Sarafu has helped him save Kenya shillings as he is able to purchase his basic needs from other Sarafu users and in return he offers tuition their children. The amount in Kenya shillings that he is able to save on daily basis, he sends it to his family who are in the village.
@ -58,10 +53,8 @@ Teacher Eric Mwaka joined sarafu four years ago. Sarafu has helped him save Keny
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered78.webp
**Phostina is a carpenter who joined Sarafu 1 month ago. Initially she was accepting desk repairs from Skylife Academy but they were not paying on daily basis due to scarcity of Kenya shillings. When she was introduced to Sarafu, she liked the idea because the school always supplement the Kenya shillings with sarafu. She is now having more customers and she is in a position to sell her excess capacity (firewood, bed, sofa sets and cabinets) using Sarafu. Teachers have been buying beds, sofa sets and cabinets from her . Phostina also uses Sarafu to pay school fees for the daughter who studies in the nearest community (kangemi). She pays her workers in Sarafu also.**
Phostina is a carpenter who joined Sarafu 1 month ago. Initially she was accepting desk repairs from Skylife Academy but they were not paying on daily basis due to scarcity of Kenya shillings. When she was introduced to Sarafu, she liked the idea because the school always supplement the Kenya shillings with sarafu. She is now having more customers and she is in a position to sell her excess capacity (firewood, bed, sofa sets and cabinets) using Sarafu. Teachers have been buying beds, sofa sets and cabinets from her . Phostina also uses Sarafu to pay school fees for the daughter who studies in the nearest community (kangemi). She pays her workers in Sarafu also.
**Phostina** is a carpenter who joined Sarafu 1 month ago. Initially she was accepting desk repairs from Skylife Academy but they were not paying on daily basis due to scarcity of Kenya shillings. When she was introduced to Sarafu, she liked the idea because the school always supplement the Kenya shillings with sarafu. She is now having more customers and she is in a position to sell her excess capacity (firewood, bed, sofa sets and cabinets) using Sarafu. Teachers have been buying beds, sofa sets and cabinets from her . Phostina also uses Sarafu to pay school fees for the daughter who studies in the nearest community (kangemi). She pays her workers in Sarafu also.
@ -71,10 +64,8 @@ Phostina is a carpenter who joined Sarafu 1 month ago. Initially she was accept
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered96.webp
**Doris owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 months ago. She is able to use Sarafu to buy firewood from Phostina . When teachers discovered that she joined Sarafu, they have been eating in her hotel. She is now having more customers who generate more income to her.**
Doris owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 months ago. She is able to use Sarafu to buy firewood from Phostina . When teachers discovered that she joined Sarafu, they have been eating in her hotel. She is now having more customers who generate more income to her.
**Doris** owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 months ago. She is able to use Sarafu to buy firewood from Phostina . When teachers discovered that she joined Sarafu, they have been eating in her hotel. She is now having more customers who generate more income to her.
@ -84,7 +75,7 @@ Doris owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 mont
**2. GATINA**
**2. GATINA**
@ -93,10 +84,9 @@ Doris owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 mont
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered124.webp
**Jackline Kasiva has been a member of Sarafu network for the last 9 months. Initially she never had clients on daily basis since people don’t plait hair every day. She could end up spending a day or two without clients. Others who came with less money were not plaited since she preferred money for every service offered. When she joined Sarafu, she no longer sends her clients back with the little Kenya shillings that they bring, in fact she encourages them to supplement with Sarafu and she is able to plait them. Sarafu has made her expand her business. She is also saving Kenya shillings whenever she spent Sarafu and now she is not only plaiting hair but she is also selling the hair products.**
Jackline Kasiva has been a member of Sarafu network for the last 9 months. Initially she never had clients on daily basis since people don’t plait hair every day. She could end up spending a day or two without clients. Others who came with less money were not plaited since she preferred money for every service offered. When she joined Sarafu, she no longer sends her clients back with the little Kenya shillings that they bring, in fact she encourages them to supplement with Sarafu and she is able to plait them. Sarafu has made her expand her business. She is also saving Kenya shillings whenever she spent Sarafu and now she is not only plaiting hair but she is also selling the hair products.
**Jackline Kasiva** has been a member of Sarafu network for the last 9 months. Initially she never had clients on daily basis since people don’t plait hair every day. She could end up spending a day or two without clients. Others who came with less money were not plaited since she preferred money for every service offered. When she joined Sarafu, she no longer sends her clients back with the little Kenya shillings that they bring, in fact she encourages them to supplement with Sarafu and she is able to plait them. Sarafu has made her expand her business. She is also saving Kenya shillings whenever she spent Sarafu and now she is not only plaiting hair but she is also selling the hair products.
@ -104,12 +94,8 @@ Doris owns a hotel near the carpenter and the school. She joined Sarafu 3 mont
**Jacinta Mutumi is a tailor based in Gatina. She joined sarafu 5 months ago and she is happy that Sarafu made her get more customers who want their clothes mended or want their children’s uniform repaired. She was able to save Kenya shillings which she used to take her son to high school with it. She uses Sarafu to plait her hair and also get vegetables from her neighbour.**
Jacinta Mutumi is a tailor based in Gatina. She joined sarafu 5 months ago and she is happy that Sarafu made her get more customers who want their clothes mended or want their children’s uniform repaired. She was able to save Kenya shillings which she used to take her son to high school with it. She uses Sarafu to plait her hair and also get vegetables from her neighbour.
**Jacinta Mutumi** is a tailor based in Gatina. She joined sarafu 5 months ago and she is happy that Sarafu made her get more customers who want their clothes mended or want their children’s uniform repaired. She was able to save Kenya shillings which she used to take her son to high school with it. She uses Sarafu to plait her hair and also get vegetables from her neighbour.
@ -123,32 +109,11 @@ Jacinta Mutumi is a tailor based in Gatina. She joined sarafu 5 months ago and s
**Elizabeth Achacha has a vegetables kiosk. Initially she was selling vegetables alone and she could sleep (go home) with some of the greens which are perishable. She joined Sarafu 2 years ago and has been able to utilize her excess capacity. None of her stock goes bad as before and she has also expanded her business - from selling vegetables alone to now selling tomatoes and onions alongside the vegetables.**
Elizabeth Achacha has a vegetables kiosk. Initially she was selling vegetables alone and she could sleep (go home) with some of the greens which are perishable. She joined Sarafu 2 years ago and has been able to utilize her excess capacity. None of her stock goes bad as before and she has also expanded her business - from selling vegetables alone to now selling tomatoes and onions alongside the vegetables.
**Elizabeth Achacha** has a vegetables kiosk. Initially she was selling vegetables alone and she could sleep (go home) with some of the greens which are perishable. She joined Sarafu 2 years ago and has been able to utilize her excess capacity. None of her stock goes bad as before and she has also expanded her business - from selling vegetables alone to now selling tomatoes and onions alongside the vegetables.
**3. OLYMPIC**
**3. OLYMPIC**
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered197.webp
@ -181,10 +146,7 @@ Walter Omondi has a barber shop. He joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. So far he has bee
**Mama Sharon also known as Hellen Achieng sells omena around Kamukunji area of Olympic, kibra. She also joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. So far she has used sarafu to purchase chapati from Angelin Aluoch and her grandchild was able to get a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. She is excited about Sarafu. She sees it as an opportunity for her to grown her business and expands her market.**
Mama Sharon also known as Hellen Achieng sells omena around Kamukunji area of Olympic, kibra. She also joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. So far she has used sarafu to purchase chapati from Angelin Aluoch and her grandchild was able to get a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. She is excited about Sarafu. She sees it as an opportunity for her to grown her business and expands her market.
**Mama Sharon** also known as Hellen Achieng sells omena around Kamukunji area of Olympic, kibra. She also joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. So far she has used sarafu to purchase chapati from Angelin Aluoch and her grandchild was able to get a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. She is excited about Sarafu. She sees it as an opportunity for her to grown her business and expands her market.
@ -194,10 +156,8 @@ Mama Sharon also known as Hellen Achieng sells omena around Kamukunji area of Ol
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered244.webp
**Angelin Aluoch joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. She told me that she was able to save ksh 50 when she purchased omena for her family from mama Sharon. She has 2 children who got a haircut from Walter last week. The two children go to school using a boda boda who lucky enough joined Sarafu hence causing her to spend less of Kenya shillings and is able to get her basic needs.**
Angelin Aluoch joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. She told me that she was able to save ksh 50 when she purchased omena for her family from mama Sharon. She has 2 children who got a haircut from Walter last week. The two children go to school using a boda boda who lucky enough joined Sarafu hence causing her to spend less of Kenya shillings and is able to get her basic needs.
**Angelin Aluoch** joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. She told me that she was able to save ksh 50 when she purchased omena for her family from mama Sharon. She has 2 children who got a haircut from Walter last week. The two children go to school using a boda boda who lucky enough joined Sarafu hence causing her to spend less of Kenya shillings and is able to get her basic needs.
@ -207,10 +167,9 @@ Angelin Aluoch joined Sarafu 2 weeks ago. She told me that she was able to save
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered262.webp
**Cornelius Odongo repairs and sells electronics. He joined 2 years ago and he got a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. Cornelius was able to fix Walter’s machine and he also brought his friend Isaac Abwao to be part of Sarafu. He currently takes lunch from Isaac’s hotel and has bought omena and chapati to feed his family. He is happy that he and his family is no longer sleeping hungry since he can still access basic needs without using the scarce Kenyan currency.**
Cornelius Odongo repairs and sells electronics. He joined 2 years ago and he got a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. Cornelius was able to fix Walter’s machine and he also brought his friend Isaac Abwao to be part of Sarafu. He currently takes lunch from Isaac’s hotel and has bought omena and chapati to feed his family. He is happy that he and his family is no longer sleeping hungry since he can still access basic needs without using the scarce Kenyan currency.
**Cornelius Odongo** repairs and sells electronics. He joined 2 years ago and he got a haircut from Walter using Sarafu. Cornelius was able to fix Walter’s machine and he also brought his friend Isaac Abwao to be part of Sarafu. He currently takes lunch from Isaac’s hotel and has bought omena and chapati to feed his family. He is happy that he and his family is no longer sleeping hungry since he can still access basic needs without using the scarce Kenyan currency.
@ -218,17 +177,10 @@ Cornelius Odongo repairs and sells electronics. He joined 2 years ago and he got
**4. LINDI**
**4. LINDI**
@ -237,84 +189,28 @@ Cornelius Odongo repairs and sells electronics. He joined 2 years ago and he got
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered296.webp
**Pastor Silvanous joined Sarafu 3 years ago. He is the main pastor of Hope Gospel Center. The congregation pays their tithes and offerings to him in form of Sarafu. He uses the same amount to go back to the congregation to purchase basic needs. He has also rented the church to a school and in return he receives rent in Sarafu. The pastor told us that his congregants are happy to use Sarafu in his church (as Tithing/Sadaka) and he accepts it since he will still go back to the congregants to get his basic needs. He says that Sarafu has united them and as a church they have now started a savings scheme due to Sarafu.**
Pastor Silvanous joined Sarafu 3 years ago. He is the main pastor of Hope Gospel Center. The congregation pays their tithes and offerings to him in form of Sarafu. He uses the same amount to go back to the congregation to purchase basic needs. He has also rented the church to a school and in return he receives rent in Sarafu. The pastor told us that his congregants are happy to use Sarafu in his church (as Tithing/Sadaka) and he accepts it since he will still go back to the congregants to get his basic needs. He says that Sarafu has united them and as a church they have now started a savings scheme due to Sarafu.
**Pastor Silvanous** joined Sarafu 3 years ago. He is the main pastor of Hope Gospel Center. The congregation pays their tithes and offerings to him in form of Sarafu. He uses the same amount to go back to the congregation to purchase basic needs. He has also rented the church to a school and in return he receives rent in Sarafu. The pastor told us that his congregants are happy to use Sarafu in his church (as Tithing/Sadaka) and he accepts it since he will still go back to the congregants to get his basic needs. He says that Sarafu has united them and as a church they have now started a savings scheme due to Sarafu.
Pastor Silvanous joined Sarafu 3 years ago. He is the main pastor of Hope Gospel Center. The congregation pays their tithes and offerings to him in form of Sarafu. He uses the same amount to go back to the congregation to purchase basic needs. He has also rented the church to a school and in return he receives rent in Sarafu. The pastor told us that his congregants are happy to use Sarafu in his church (as Tithing/Sadaka) and he accepts it since he will still go back to the congregants to get his basic needs. He says that Sarafu has united them and as a church they have now started a savings scheme due to Sarafu.
Pastor Silvanous joined Sarafu 3 years ago. He is the main pastor of Hope Gospel Center. The congregation pays their tithes and offerings to him in form of Sarafu. He uses the same amount to go back to the congregation to purchase basic needs. He has also rented the church to a school and in return he receives rent in Sarafu. The pastor told us that his congregants are happy to use Sarafu in his church (as Tithing/Sadaka) and he accepts it since he will still go back to the congregants to get his basic needs. He says that Sarafu has united them and as a church they have now started a savings scheme due to Sarafu.
.. image:: images/blog/women-powered311.webp
**Madam Basilisa is the headteacher of Hope Academy which is based inside Hope Gospel church. The madam receives Sarafu from parents as fees and in return, she is able to pay part for the school rent using Sarafu. She is no longer having issues of arrears with the church as before. Parents (one on a motorcycle here) too are paying fees in Sarafu and she is happy that none of her children is unable to come to school due to lack of school fees.**
Madam Basilisa is the headteacher of Hope Academy which is based inside Hope Gospel church. The madam receives Sarafu from parents as fees and in return, she is able to pay part for the school rent using Sarafu. She is no longer having issues of arrears with the church as before. Parents (one on a motorcycle here) too are paying fees in Sarafu and she is happy that none of her children is unable to come to school due to lack of school fees.
**Madam Basilisa** is the headteacher of Hope Academy which is based inside Hope Gospel church. The madam receives Sarafu from parents as fees and in return, she is able to pay part for the school rent using Sarafu. She is no longer having issues of arrears with the church as before. Parents (one on a motorcycle here) too are paying fees in Sarafu and she is happy that none of her children is unable to come to school due to lack of school fees.
#WomensDay #cryptocurrency #Nairobi #SchoolFees #Education
#WomensDay #cryptocurrency #Nairobi #SchoolFees #Education
#WomensDay #cryptocurrency #Nairobi #SchoolFees #Education
#WomensDay #cryptocurrency #Nairobi #SchoolFees #Education
`#WomensDay <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/WomensDay>`_
#WomensDay
`#cryptocurrency <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/cryptocurrency>`_
#cryptocurrency
`#Nairobi <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Nairobi>`_
#Nairobi
`#SchoolFees <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/SchoolFees>`_
#SchoolFees
`#Education <https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/Education>`_
#Education

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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
:title: Youth Employment via Elderly/Vulnerable Support
:author: Will Ruddick
:date: Jan 28
:date: Jan 28 2021
:slug: youth-employment
:summary: Using a basic income (Sarafu in Kenya) youth can support their elderly and vulnerable by giving them their Sarafu. Then those...
@ -8,27 +8,22 @@
.. image:: images/blog/youth-employment18.webp
.. image:: images/blog/youth-employment1.webp
Using a basic income (Sarafu in Kenya) youth can support their elderly and vulnerable by giving them their Sarafu. Then those elderly/vulnerable in turn spend it with other youth run businesses, who could in turn give it to their elderly/vulnerable - who could, in turn, spend it on other youth run businesses and so on - Creating a virtuous circle of markets and employment for youth and support for the elderly.
Using a basic income (Sarafu in Kenya) youth can support their elderly and vulnerable by giving them their Sarafu. Then those elderly/vulnerable in turn spend it with other youth run businesses, who could in turn give it to their elderly/vulnerable - who could, in turn, spend it on other youth run businesses and so on - **Creating a virtuous circle of markets and employment for youth and support for the elderly.**
**Using a basic income (Sarafu in Kenya) youth can support their elderly and vulnerable by giving them their Sarafu. Then those elderly/vulnerable in turn spend it with other youth run businesses, who could in turn give it to their elderly/vulnerable - who could, in turn, spend it on other youth run businesses and so on - Creating a virtuous circle of markets and employment for youth and support for the elderly.**
.. image:: images/blog/youth-employment33.webp
While new in Kenya, this type of system has been around in Japan since 1995 and is called Fureai kippu . This system was one of the inspirations for bringing the concept of community currency to Kenya over 10 years ago. While this has been piloted in small communities - for the idea to really catch on - elders, chiefs, youth run businesses and chamas all need to understand the virtuous circle created and keep supporting it. This support network is a commons - and it takes identification, communication, training and care. We're very excited about the Kenya Red Cross taking up the challenge to spread
While new in Kenya, this type of system has been around in Japan since 1995 and is called `Fureai kippu <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fureai_kippu>`_ . This system was one of the inspirations for bringing the concept of community currency to Kenya over 10 years ago. While this has been piloted in small communities - for the idea to really catch on - elders, chiefs, youth run businesses and chamas all need to understand the virtuous circle created and keep supporting it. This support network is a commons - and it takes identification, communication, training and care. We're very excited about the Kenya Red Cross taking up the challenge to spread
While new in Kenya, this type of system has been around in Japan since 1995 and is called Fureai kippu . This system was one of the inspirations for bringing the concept of community currency to Kenya over 10 years ago. While this has been piloted in small communities - for the idea to really catch on - elders, chiefs, youth run businesses and chamas all need to understand the virtuous circle created and keep supporting it. This support network is a commons - and it takes identification, communication, training and care. We're very excited about the Kenya Red Cross taking up the challenge to spread
`Fureai kippu <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fureai_kippu>`_
.. image:: images/blog/youth-employment57.webp

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