diff --git a/cmd/africastalking/main.go b/cmd/africastalking/main.go
index 98864db..0019239 100644
--- a/cmd/africastalking/main.go
+++ b/cmd/africastalking/main.go
@@ -1,109 +1,39 @@
 package main
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"path"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/engine"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/logging"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/resource"
 
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/common"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/config"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/initializers"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/handlers"
-	httpserver "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/http"
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/http/at"
+	httpserver "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/http/at"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/remote"
 )
 
 var (
-	logg      = logging.NewVanilla()
-	scriptDir = path.Join("services", "registration")
-
-	build = "dev"
+	logg          = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("AfricasTalking").WithContextKey("at-session-id")
+	scriptDir     = path.Join("services", "registration")
+	build         = "dev"
+	menuSeparator = ": "
 )
 
 func init() {
 	initializers.LoadEnvVariables()
 }
-
-type atRequestParser struct{}
-
-func (arp *atRequestParser) GetSessionId(rq any) (string, error) {
-	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
-	if !ok {
-		logg.Warnf("got an invalid request", "req", rq)
-		return "", handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
-	}
-
-	// Capture body (if any) for logging
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(rqv.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		logg.Warnf("failed to read request body", "err", err)
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to read request body: %v", err)
-	}
-	// Reset the body for further reading
-	rqv.Body = io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(body))
-
-	// Log the body as JSON
-	bodyLog := map[string]string{"body": string(body)}
-	logBytes, err := json.Marshal(bodyLog)
-	if err != nil {
-		logg.Warnf("failed to marshal request body", "err", err)
-	} else {
-		logg.Debugf("received request", "bytes", logBytes)
-	}
-
-	if err := rqv.ParseForm(); err != nil {
-		logg.Warnf("failed to parse form data", "err", err)
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse form data: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	phoneNumber := rqv.FormValue("phoneNumber")
-	if phoneNumber == "" {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("no phone number found")
-	}
-
-	formattedNumber, err := common.FormatPhoneNumber(phoneNumber)
-	if err != nil {
-		logg.Warnf("failed to format phone number", "err", err)
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to format number")
-	}
-
-	return formattedNumber, nil
-}
-
-func (arp *atRequestParser) GetInput(rq any) ([]byte, error) {
-	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
-	}
-	if err := rqv.ParseForm(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse form data: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	text := rqv.FormValue("text")
-
-	parts := strings.Split(text, "*")
-	if len(parts) == 0 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no input found")
-	}
-
-	return []byte(parts[len(parts)-1]), nil
-}
-
 func main() {
 	config.LoadConfig()
 
@@ -130,9 +60,10 @@ func main() {
 	pfp := path.Join(scriptDir, "pp.csv")
 
 	cfg := engine.Config{
-		Root:       "root",
-		OutputSize: uint32(size),
-		FlagCount:  uint32(128),
+		Root:          "root",
+		OutputSize:    uint32(size),
+		FlagCount:     uint32(128),
+		MenuSeparator: menuSeparator,
 	}
 
 	if engineDebug {
@@ -190,7 +121,9 @@ func main() {
 	}
 	defer stateStore.Close()
 
-	rp := &atRequestParser{}
+	rp := &at.ATRequestParser{
+		Context: ctx,
+	}
 	bsh := handlers.NewBaseSessionHandler(cfg, rs, stateStore, userdataStore, rp, hl)
 	sh := httpserver.NewATSessionHandler(bsh)
 
diff --git a/cmd/async/main.go b/cmd/async/main.go
index e4c94b0..9cd04b3 100644
--- a/cmd/async/main.go
+++ b/cmd/async/main.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 var (
 	logg      = logging.NewVanilla()
 	scriptDir = path.Join("services", "registration")
+	menuSeparator = ": "
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -70,9 +71,10 @@ func main() {
 	pfp := path.Join(scriptDir, "pp.csv")
 
 	cfg := engine.Config{
-		Root:       "root",
-		OutputSize: uint32(size),
-		FlagCount:  uint32(128),
+		Root:          "root",
+		OutputSize:    uint32(size),
+		FlagCount:     uint32(128),
+		MenuSeparator: menuSeparator,
 	}
 
 	if engineDebug {
diff --git a/cmd/http/main.go b/cmd/http/main.go
index 96e2688..6ddfded 100644
--- a/cmd/http/main.go
+++ b/cmd/http/main.go
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 var (
 	logg      = logging.NewVanilla()
 	scriptDir = path.Join("services", "registration")
+	menuSeparator = ": "
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ func main() {
 	pfp := path.Join(scriptDir, "pp.csv")
 
 	cfg := engine.Config{
-		Root:       "root",
-		OutputSize: uint32(size),
-		FlagCount:  uint32(128),
+		Root:          "root",
+		OutputSize:    uint32(size),
+		FlagCount:     uint32(128),
+		MenuSeparator: menuSeparator,
 	}
 
 	if engineDebug {
diff --git a/cmd/main.go b/cmd/main.go
index 9599eb7..4fd084f 100644
--- a/cmd/main.go
+++ b/cmd/main.go
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ import (
 )
 
 var (
-	logg      = logging.NewVanilla()
-	scriptDir = path.Join("services", "registration")
+	logg          = logging.NewVanilla()
+	scriptDir     = path.Join("services", "registration")
+	menuSeparator = ": "
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -49,10 +50,11 @@ func main() {
 	pfp := path.Join(scriptDir, "pp.csv")
 
 	cfg := engine.Config{
-		Root:       "root",
-		SessionId:  sessionId,
-		OutputSize: uint32(size),
-		FlagCount:  uint32(128),
+		Root:          "root",
+		SessionId:     sessionId,
+		OutputSize:    uint32(size),
+		FlagCount:     uint32(128),
+		MenuSeparator: menuSeparator,
 	}
 
 	resourceDir := scriptDir
diff --git a/common/pin.go b/common/pin.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6db9d15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/pin.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+// Define the regex pattern as a constant
+const (
+	pinPattern = `^\d{4}$`
+)
+
+// checks whether the given input is a 4 digit number
+func IsValidPIN(pin string) bool {
+	match, _ := regexp.MatchString(pinPattern, pin)
+	return match
+}
+
+// HashPIN uses bcrypt with 8 salt rounds to hash the PIN
+func HashPIN(pin string) (string, error) {
+	hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(pin), 8)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return string(hash), nil
+}
+
+// VerifyPIN compareS the hashed PIN with the plaintext PIN
+func VerifyPIN(hashedPIN, pin string) bool {
+	err := bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(hashedPIN), []byte(pin))
+	return err == nil
+}
diff --git a/common/pin_test.go b/common/pin_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..154ab06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/common/pin_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+func TestIsValidPIN(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		pin      string
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Valid PIN with 4 digits",
+			pin:      "1234",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Valid PIN with leading zeros",
+			pin:      "0001",
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid PIN with less than 4 digits",
+			pin:      "123",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid PIN with more than 4 digits",
+			pin:      "12345",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid PIN with letters",
+			pin:      "abcd",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Invalid PIN with special characters",
+			pin:      "12@#",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Empty PIN",
+			pin:      "",
+			expected: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			actual := IsValidPIN(tt.pin)
+			if actual != tt.expected {
+				t.Errorf("IsValidPIN(%q) = %v; expected %v", tt.pin, actual, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHashPIN(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		pin  string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Valid PIN with 4 digits",
+			pin:  "1234",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Valid PIN with leading zeros",
+			pin:  "0001",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Empty PIN",
+			pin:  "",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			hashedPIN, err := HashPIN(tt.pin)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("HashPIN(%q) returned an error: %v", tt.pin, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			if hashedPIN == "" {
+				t.Errorf("HashPIN(%q) returned an empty hash", tt.pin)
+			}
+
+			// Ensure the hash can be verified with bcrypt
+			err = bcrypt.CompareHashAndPassword([]byte(hashedPIN), []byte(tt.pin))
+			if tt.pin != "" && err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("HashPIN(%q) produced a hash that does not match: %v", tt.pin, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVerifyMigratedHashPin(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		pin  string
+		hash string
+	}{
+		{
+			pin:  "1234",
+			hash: "$2b$08$dTvIGxCCysJtdvrSnaLStuylPoOS/ZLYYkxvTeR5QmTFY3TSvPQC6",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.pin, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ok := VerifyPIN(tt.hash, tt.pin)
+			if !ok {
+				t.Errorf("VerifyPIN could not verify migrated PIN: %v", tt.pin)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestVerifyPIN(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		pin        string
+		hashedPIN  string
+		shouldPass bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "Valid PIN verification",
+			pin:        "1234",
+			hashedPIN:  hashPINHelper("1234"),
+			shouldPass: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Invalid PIN verification with incorrect PIN",
+			pin:        "5678",
+			hashedPIN:  hashPINHelper("1234"),
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Invalid PIN verification with empty PIN",
+			pin:        "",
+			hashedPIN:  hashPINHelper("1234"),
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "Invalid PIN verification with invalid hash",
+			pin:        "1234",
+			hashedPIN:  "invalidhash",
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := VerifyPIN(tt.hashedPIN, tt.pin)
+			if result != tt.shouldPass {
+				t.Errorf("VerifyPIN(%q, %q) = %v; expected %v", tt.hashedPIN, tt.pin, result, tt.shouldPass)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Helper function to hash a PIN for testing purposes
+func hashPINHelper(pin string) string {
+	hashedPIN, err := HashPIN(pin)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic("Failed to hash PIN for test setup: " + err.Error())
+	}
+	return hashedPIN
+}
diff --git a/common/storage.go b/common/storage.go
index dff4774..d37bce3 100644
--- a/common/storage.go
+++ b/common/storage.go
@@ -8,14 +8,15 @@ import (
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/resource"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/persist"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 )
 
 func StoreToDb(store *UserDataStore) db.Db {
 	return store.Db
 }
 
-func StoreToPrefixDb(store *UserDataStore, pfx []byte) storage.PrefixDb {
-	return storage.NewSubPrefixDb(store.Db, pfx)	
+func StoreToPrefixDb(store *UserDataStore, pfx []byte) dbstorage.PrefixDb {
+	return dbstorage.NewSubPrefixDb(store.Db, pfx)	
 }
 
 type StorageServices interface {
diff --git a/common/transfer_statements.go b/common/transfer_statements.go
index 4e6f66b..e97437f 100644
--- a/common/transfer_statements.go
+++ b/common/transfer_statements.go
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 	dataserviceapi "github.com/grassrootseconomics/ussd-data-service/pkg/api"
 )
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func ProcessTransfers(transfers []dataserviceapi.Last10TxResponse) TransferMetad
 
 // GetTransferData retrieves and matches transfer data
 // returns a formatted string of the full transaction/statement
-func GetTransferData(ctx context.Context, db storage.PrefixDb, publicKey string, index int) (string, error) {
+func GetTransferData(ctx context.Context, db dbstorage.PrefixDb, publicKey string, index int) (string, error) {
 	keys := []DataTyp{DATA_TX_SENDERS, DATA_TX_RECIPIENTS, DATA_TX_VALUES, DATA_TX_ADDRESSES, DATA_TX_HASHES, DATA_TX_DATES, DATA_TX_SYMBOLS}
 	data := make(map[DataTyp]string)
 
@@ -84,18 +84,18 @@ func GetTransferData(ctx context.Context, db storage.PrefixDb, publicKey string,
 
 	// Adjust for 0-based indexing
 	i := index - 1
-	transactionType := "received"
-	party := fmt.Sprintf("from: %s", strings.TrimSpace(senders[i]))
+	transactionType := "Received"
+	party := fmt.Sprintf("From: %s", strings.TrimSpace(senders[i]))
 	if strings.TrimSpace(senders[i]) == publicKey {
-		transactionType = "sent"
-		party = fmt.Sprintf("to: %s", strings.TrimSpace(recipients[i]))
+		transactionType = "Sent"
+		party = fmt.Sprintf("To: %s", strings.TrimSpace(recipients[i]))
 	}
 
 	formattedDate := formatDate(strings.TrimSpace(dates[i]))
 
 	// Build the full transaction detail
 	detail := fmt.Sprintf(
-		"%s %s %s\n%s\ncontract address: %s\ntxhash: %s\ndate: %s",
+		"%s %s %s\n%s\nContract address: %s\nTxhash: %s\nDate: %s",
 		transactionType,
 		strings.TrimSpace(values[i]),
 		strings.TrimSpace(syms[i]),
diff --git a/common/vouchers.go b/common/vouchers.go
index 6cff91d..5dbdb71 100644
--- a/common/vouchers.go
+++ b/common/vouchers.go
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"math/big"
 	"strings"
 
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 	dataserviceapi "github.com/grassrootseconomics/ussd-data-service/pkg/api"
 )
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func ScaleDownBalance(balance, decimals string) string {
 }
 
 // GetVoucherData retrieves and matches voucher data
-func GetVoucherData(ctx context.Context, db storage.PrefixDb, input string) (*dataserviceapi.TokenHoldings, error) {
+func GetVoucherData(ctx context.Context, db dbstorage.PrefixDb, input string) (*dataserviceapi.TokenHoldings, error) {
 	keys := []DataTyp{DATA_VOUCHER_SYMBOLS, DATA_VOUCHER_BALANCES, DATA_VOUCHER_DECIMALS, DATA_VOUCHER_ADDRESSES}
 	data := make(map[DataTyp]string)
 
diff --git a/common/vouchers_test.go b/common/vouchers_test.go
index ba6cd60..8b04e4a 100644
--- a/common/vouchers_test.go
+++ b/common/vouchers_test.go
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 	visedb "git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db"
 	memdb "git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db/mem"
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 	dataserviceapi "github.com/grassrootseconomics/ussd-data-service/pkg/api"
 )
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func TestGetVoucherData(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	prefix := ToBytes(visedb.DATATYPE_USERDATA)
-	spdb := storage.NewSubPrefixDb(db, prefix)
+	spdb := dbstorage.NewSubPrefixDb(db, prefix)
 
 	// Test voucher data
 	mockData := map[DataTyp][]byte{
diff --git a/debug/db_debug.go b/debug/db_debug.go
index ed2dd66..05a238b 100644
--- a/debug/db_debug.go
+++ b/debug/db_debug.go
@@ -11,13 +11,9 @@ import (
 func init() {
 	DebugCap |= 1
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_STATE] = "internal state"
-	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_ACCOUNT] = "account"
-	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_ACCOUNT_CREATED] = "account created"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_TRACKING_ID] = "tracking id"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_PUBLIC_KEY] = "public key"
-	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_CUSTODIAL_ID] = "custodial id"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN] = "account pin"
-	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_ACCOUNT_STATUS] = "account status"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_FIRST_NAME] = "first name"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_FAMILY_NAME] = "family name"
 	dbTypStr[db.DATATYPE_USERDATA + 1 + common.DATA_YOB] = "year of birth"
diff --git a/devtools/store/main.go b/devtools/store/main.go
index 9262703..8bd4d16 100644
--- a/devtools/store/main.go
+++ b/devtools/store/main.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/initializers"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/debug"
+	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/logging"
 )
 
@@ -47,13 +48,14 @@ func main() {
 
 	store, err := menuStorageService.GetUserdataDb(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, err.Error())
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "get userdata db: %v\n", err.Error())
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
+	store.SetPrefix(db.DATATYPE_USERDATA)
 
 	d, err := store.Dump(ctx, []byte(sessionId))
 	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, err.Error())
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "store dump fail: %v\n", err.Error())
 		os.Exit(1)
 	}
 
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ func main() {
 			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, err.Error())
 			os.Exit(1)
 		}
-		fmt.Printf("%vValue: %v\n\n", o, v)
+		fmt.Printf("%vValue: %v\n\n", o, string(v))
 	}
 
 	err = store.Close()
diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index e1b7ddb..41c6700 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ module git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd
 go 1.23.0
 
 require (
-	git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.1-0.20241212145627-683015d4df80
+	git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.3-0.20250103172917-3e190a44568d
 	github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.2.2
 	github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.4.0+incompatible
 	github.com/grassrootseconomics/eth-custodial v1.3.0-beta
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1
 	github.com/peteole/testdata-loader v0.3.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.9.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0
 	gopkg.in/leonelquinteros/gotext.v1 v1.3.1
 )
 
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@ require (
 	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.13.1 // indirect
 	github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.27.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.8.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.18.0 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index ef7b782..6bef621 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.1-0.20241212145627-683015d4df80 h1:GYUVXRUtMpA40T4COeAduoay6CIgXjD5cfDYZOTFIKw=
-git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.1-0.20241212145627-683015d4df80/go.mod h1:jyBMe1qTYUz3mmuoC9JQ/TvFeW0vTanCUcPu3H8p4Ck=
+git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.3-0.20250103172917-3e190a44568d h1:bPAOVZOX4frSGhfOdcj7kc555f8dc9DmMd2YAyC2AMw=
+git.defalsify.org/vise.git v0.2.3-0.20250103172917-3e190a44568d/go.mod h1:jyBMe1qTYUz3mmuoC9JQ/TvFeW0vTanCUcPu3H8p4Ck=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.2.2 h1:Z/iVC0xZfWTaFNE6bA3z07T86hd45Xe2eLt6WVy2bbk=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:pXcQ2Asjp247dahGEmsZ6ru0UVwnkhktn7S0bBDLxvQ=
 github.com/alecthomas/participle/v2 v2.0.0 h1:Fgrq+MbuSsJwIkw3fEj9h75vDP0Er5JzepJ0/HNHv0g=
diff --git a/internal/handlers/handlerservice.go b/internal/handlers/handlerservice.go
index a14cf59..1da28c3 100644
--- a/internal/handlers/handlerservice.go
+++ b/internal/handlers/handlerservice.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package handlers
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"strings"
 
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/asm"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db"
@@ -64,7 +65,11 @@ func (ls *LocalHandlerService) SetDataStore(db *db.Db) {
 }
 
 func (ls *LocalHandlerService) GetHandler(accountService remote.AccountServiceInterface) (*ussd.Handlers, error) {
-	ussdHandlers, err := ussd.NewHandlers(ls.Parser, *ls.UserdataStore, ls.AdminStore, accountService)
+	replaceSeparatorFunc := func(input string) string {
+		return strings.ReplaceAll(input, ":", ls.Cfg.MenuSeparator)
+	}
+
+	ussdHandlers, err := ussd.NewHandlers(ls.Parser, *ls.UserdataStore, ls.AdminStore, accountService, replaceSeparatorFunc)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -111,7 +116,7 @@ func (ls *LocalHandlerService) GetHandler(accountService remote.AccountServiceIn
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("set_voucher", ussdHandlers.SetVoucher)
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("get_voucher_details", ussdHandlers.GetVoucherDetails)
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("reset_valid_pin", ussdHandlers.ResetValidPin)
-	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("check_pin_mismatch", ussdHandlers.CheckPinMisMatch)
+	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("check_pin_mismatch", ussdHandlers.CheckBlockedNumPinMisMatch)
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("validate_blocked_number", ussdHandlers.ValidateBlockedNumber)
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("retrieve_blocked_number", ussdHandlers.RetrieveBlockedNumber)
 	ls.DbRs.AddLocalFunc("reset_unregistered_number", ussdHandlers.ResetUnregisteredNumber)
diff --git a/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler.go b/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler.go
index 0b8ea64..095d77b 100644
--- a/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler.go
+++ b/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"path"
-	"regexp"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
@@ -24,27 +23,16 @@ import (
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/remote"
 	"gopkg.in/leonelquinteros/gotext.v1"
 
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 	dataserviceapi "github.com/grassrootseconomics/ussd-data-service/pkg/api"
 )
 
 var (
-	logg           = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("ussdmenuhandler")
+	logg           = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("ussdmenuhandler").WithContextKey("session-id")
 	scriptDir      = path.Join("services", "registration")
 	translationDir = path.Join(scriptDir, "locale")
 )
 
-// Define the regex patterns as constants
-const (
-	pinPattern = `^\d{4}$`
-)
-
-// isValidPIN checks whether the given input is a 4 digit number
-func isValidPIN(pin string) bool {
-	match, _ := regexp.MatchString(pinPattern, pin)
-	return match
-}
-
 // FlagManager handles centralized flag management
 type FlagManager struct {
 	parser *asm.FlagParser
@@ -69,18 +57,20 @@ func (fm *FlagManager) GetFlag(label string) (uint32, error) {
 }
 
 type Handlers struct {
-	pe             *persist.Persister
-	st             *state.State
-	ca             cache.Memory
-	userdataStore  common.DataStore
-	adminstore     *utils.AdminStore
-	flagManager    *asm.FlagParser
-	accountService remote.AccountServiceInterface
-	prefixDb       storage.PrefixDb
-	profile        *models.Profile
+	pe                   *persist.Persister
+	st                   *state.State
+	ca                   cache.Memory
+	userdataStore        common.DataStore
+	adminstore           *utils.AdminStore
+	flagManager          *asm.FlagParser
+	accountService       remote.AccountServiceInterface
+	prefixDb             dbstorage.PrefixDb
+	profile              *models.Profile
+	ReplaceSeparatorFunc func(string) string
 }
 
-func NewHandlers(appFlags *asm.FlagParser, userdataStore db.Db, adminstore *utils.AdminStore, accountService remote.AccountServiceInterface) (*Handlers, error) {
+// NewHandlers creates a new instance of the Handlers struct with the provided dependencies.
+func NewHandlers(appFlags *asm.FlagParser, userdataStore db.Db, adminstore *utils.AdminStore, accountService remote.AccountServiceInterface, replaceSeparatorFunc func(string) string) (*Handlers, error) {
 	if userdataStore == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create handler with nil userdata store")
 	}
@@ -90,19 +80,21 @@ func NewHandlers(appFlags *asm.FlagParser, userdataStore db.Db, adminstore *util
 
 	// Instantiate the SubPrefixDb with "DATATYPE_USERDATA" prefix
 	prefix := common.ToBytes(db.DATATYPE_USERDATA)
-	prefixDb := storage.NewSubPrefixDb(userdataStore, prefix)
+	prefixDb := dbstorage.NewSubPrefixDb(userdataStore, prefix)
 
 	h := &Handlers{
-		userdataStore:  userDb,
-		flagManager:    appFlags,
-		adminstore:     adminstore,
-		accountService: accountService,
-		prefixDb:       prefixDb,
-		profile:        &models.Profile{Max: 6},
+		userdataStore:        userDb,
+		flagManager:          appFlags,
+		adminstore:           adminstore,
+		accountService:       accountService,
+		prefixDb:             prefixDb,
+		profile:              &models.Profile{Max: 6},
+		ReplaceSeparatorFunc: replaceSeparatorFunc,
 	}
 	return h, nil
 }
 
+// WithPersister sets persister instance to the handlers.
 func (h *Handlers) WithPersister(pe *persist.Persister) *Handlers {
 	if h.pe != nil {
 		panic("persister already set")
@@ -111,6 +103,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) WithPersister(pe *persist.Persister) *Handlers {
 	return h
 }
 
+// Init initializes the handler for a new session.
 func (h *Handlers) Init(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var r resource.Result
 	if h.pe == nil {
@@ -124,9 +117,17 @@ func (h *Handlers) Init(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource
 	h.st = h.pe.GetState()
 	h.ca = h.pe.GetMemory()
 
-	sessionId, _ := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
-	flag_admin_privilege, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_admin_privilege")
+	if len(input) == 0 {
+		// move to the top node
+		h.st.Code = []byte{}
+	}
 
+	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
+	if ok {
+		context.WithValue(ctx, "session-id", sessionId)
+	}
+
+	flag_admin_privilege, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_admin_privilege")
 	isAdmin, _ := h.adminstore.IsAdmin(sessionId)
 
 	if isAdmin {
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) Exit() {
 	h.pe = nil
 }
 
-// SetLanguage sets the language across the menu
+// SetLanguage sets the language across the menu.
 func (h *Handlers) SetLanguage(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -173,6 +174,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SetLanguage(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (r
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// handles the account creation when no existing account is present for the session and stores associated data in the user data store.
 func (h *Handlers) createAccountNoExist(ctx context.Context, sessionId string, res *resource.Result) error {
 	flag_account_created, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_account_created")
 	r, err := h.accountService.CreateAccount(ctx)
@@ -205,9 +207,9 @@ func (h *Handlers) createAccountNoExist(ctx context.Context, sessionId string, r
 	return nil
 }
 
-// CreateAccount checks if any account exists on the JSON data file, and if not
+// CreateAccount checks if any account exists on the JSON data file, and if not,
 // creates an account on the API,
-// sets the default values and flags
+// sets the default values and flags.
 func (h *Handlers) CreateAccount(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -231,19 +233,22 @@ func (h *Handlers) CreateAccount(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-func (h *Handlers) CheckPinMisMatch(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
+// CheckBlockedNumPinMisMatch checks if the provided PIN matches a temporary PIN stored for a blocked number.
+func (h *Handlers) CheckBlockedNumPinMisMatch(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	res := resource.Result{}
 	flag_pin_mismatch, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_pin_mismatch")
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("missing session")
 	}
+	// Get blocked number from storage.
 	store := h.userdataStore
 	blockedNumber, err := store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_BLOCKED_NUMBER)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to read blockedNumber entry with", "key", common.DATA_BLOCKED_NUMBER, "error", err)
 		return res, err
 	}
+	// Get temporary PIN for the blocked number.
 	temporaryPin, err := store.ReadEntry(ctx, string(blockedNumber), common.DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to read temporaryPin entry with", "key", common.DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE, "error", err)
@@ -257,6 +262,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) CheckPinMisMatch(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byt
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// VerifyNewPin checks if a new PIN meets the required format criteria.
 func (h *Handlers) VerifyNewPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	res := resource.Result{}
 	_, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -265,8 +271,8 @@ func (h *Handlers) VerifyNewPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (
 	}
 	flag_valid_pin, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_valid_pin")
 	pinInput := string(input)
-	// Validate that the PIN is a 4-digit number
-	if isValidPIN(pinInput) {
+	// Validate that the PIN is a 4-digit number.
+	if common.IsValidPIN(pinInput) {
 		res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag_valid_pin)
 	} else {
 		res.FlagReset = append(res.FlagReset, flag_valid_pin)
@@ -275,9 +281,9 @@ func (h *Handlers) VerifyNewPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// SaveTemporaryPin saves the valid PIN input to the DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE
+// SaveTemporaryPin saves the valid PIN input to the DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE,
 // during the account creation process
-// and during the change PIN process
+// and during the change PIN process.
 func (h *Handlers) SaveTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -290,8 +296,8 @@ func (h *Handlers) SaveTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byt
 	flag_incorrect_pin, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_incorrect_pin")
 	accountPIN := string(input)
 
-	// Validate that the PIN is a 4-digit number
-	if !isValidPIN(accountPIN) {
+	// Validate that the PIN is a 4-digit number.
+	if !common.IsValidPIN(accountPIN) {
 		res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag_incorrect_pin)
 		return res, nil
 	}
@@ -306,6 +312,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SaveTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byt
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// SaveOthersTemporaryPin allows authorized users to set temporary PINs for blocked numbers.
 func (h *Handlers) SaveOthersTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -316,12 +323,14 @@ func (h *Handlers) SaveOthersTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("missing session")
 	}
 	temporaryPin := string(input)
+	// First, we retrieve the blocked number associated with this session
 	blockedNumber, err := store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_BLOCKED_NUMBER)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to read blockedNumber entry with", "key", common.DATA_BLOCKED_NUMBER, "error", err)
 		return res, err
 	}
 
+	// Then we save the temporary PIN for that blocked number
 	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, string(blockedNumber), common.DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE, []byte(temporaryPin))
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write temporaryPin entry with", "key", common.DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE, "value", temporaryPin, "error", err)
@@ -331,6 +340,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SaveOthersTemporaryPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// ConfirmPinChange validates user's new PIN. If input matches the temporary PIN, saves it as the new account PIN.
 func (h *Handlers) ConfirmPinChange(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -349,10 +359,20 @@ func (h *Handlers) ConfirmPinChange(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byt
 		res.FlagReset = append(res.FlagReset, flag_pin_mismatch)
 	} else {
 		res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag_pin_mismatch)
+		return res, nil
 	}
-	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(temporaryPin))
+
+	// Hash the PIN
+	hashedPIN, err := common.HashPIN(string(temporaryPin))
 	if err != nil {
-		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write temporaryPin entry with", "key", common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, "value", temporaryPin, "error", err)
+		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to hash temporaryPin", "error", err)
+		return res, err
+	}
+
+	// save the hashed PIN as the new account PIN
+	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(hashedPIN))
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN entry with", "key", common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, "hashedPIN value", hashedPIN, "error", err)
 		return res, err
 	}
 	return res, nil
@@ -360,7 +380,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ConfirmPinChange(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byt
 
 // VerifyCreatePin checks whether the confirmation PIN is similar to the temporary PIN
 // If similar, it sets the USERFLAG_PIN_SET flag and writes the account PIN allowing the user
-// to access the main menu
+// to access the main menu.
 func (h *Handlers) VerifyCreatePin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -384,18 +404,26 @@ func (h *Handlers) VerifyCreatePin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte
 		res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag_pin_set)
 	} else {
 		res.FlagSet = []uint32{flag_pin_mismatch}
+		return res, nil
 	}
 
-	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(temporaryPin))
+	// Hash the PIN
+	hashedPIN, err := common.HashPIN(string(temporaryPin))
 	if err != nil {
-		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write temporaryPin entry with", "key", common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, "value", temporaryPin, "error", err)
+		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to hash temporaryPin", "error", err)
+		return res, err
+	}
+
+	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(hashedPIN))
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN entry with", "key", common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, "value", hashedPIN, "error", err)
 		return res, err
 	}
 
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// codeFromCtx retrieves language codes from the context that can be used for handling translations
+// retrieves language codes from the context that can be used for handling translations.
 func codeFromCtx(ctx context.Context) string {
 	var code string
 	if ctx.Value("Language") != nil {
@@ -702,7 +730,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) Authorize(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (res
 		return res, err
 	}
 	if len(input) == 4 {
-		if bytes.Equal(input, AccountPin) {
+		if common.VerifyPIN(string(AccountPin), string(input)) {
 			if h.st.MatchFlag(flag_account_authorized, false) {
 				res.FlagReset = append(res.FlagReset, flag_incorrect_pin)
 				res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag_allow_update, flag_account_authorized)
@@ -729,7 +757,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ResetIncorrectPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// Setback sets the flag_back_set flag when the navigation is back
+// Setback sets the flag_back_set flag when the navigation is back.
 func (h *Handlers) SetBack(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	//TODO:
@@ -742,7 +770,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SetBack(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resou
 }
 
 // CheckAccountStatus queries the API using the TrackingId and sets flags
-// based on the account status
+// based on the account status.
 func (h *Handlers) CheckAccountStatus(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -782,7 +810,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) CheckAccountStatus(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []b
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// Quit displays the Thank you message and exits the menu
+// Quit displays the Thank you message and exits the menu.
 func (h *Handlers) Quit(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -797,7 +825,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) Quit(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// QuitWithHelp displays helpline information then exits the menu
+// QuitWithHelp displays helpline information then exits the menu.
 func (h *Handlers) QuitWithHelp(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -812,7 +840,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) QuitWithHelp(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// VerifyYob verifies the length of the given input
+// VerifyYob verifies the length of the given input.
 func (h *Handlers) VerifyYob(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -834,7 +862,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) VerifyYob(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (res
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// ResetIncorrectYob resets the incorrect date format flag after a new attempt
+// ResetIncorrectYob resets the incorrect date format flag after a new attempt.
 func (h *Handlers) ResetIncorrectYob(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -844,7 +872,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ResetIncorrectYob(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 }
 
 // CheckBalance retrieves the balance of the active voucher and sets
-// the balance as the result content
+// the balance as the result content.
 func (h *Handlers) CheckBalance(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -894,9 +922,12 @@ func (h *Handlers) CheckBalance(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// FetchCommunityBalance retrieves and displays the balance for community accounts in user's preferred language.
 func (h *Handlers) FetchCommunityBalance(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
+	// retrieve the language code from the context
 	code := codeFromCtx(ctx)
+	// Initialize the localization system with the appropriate translation directory
 	l := gotext.NewLocale(translationDir, code)
 	l.AddDomain("default")
 	//TODO:
@@ -905,6 +936,10 @@ func (h *Handlers) FetchCommunityBalance(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// ResetOthersPin handles the PIN reset process for other users' accounts by:
+// 1. Retrieving the blocked phone number from the session
+// 2. Fetching the temporary PIN associated with that number
+// 3. Updating the account PIN with the temporary PIN
 func (h *Handlers) ResetOthersPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	store := h.userdataStore
@@ -922,7 +957,15 @@ func (h *Handlers) ResetOthersPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to read temporaryPin entry with", "key", common.DATA_TEMPORARY_VALUE, "error", err)
 		return res, err
 	}
-	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, string(blockedPhonenumber), common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(temporaryPin))
+
+	// Hash the PIN
+	hashedPIN, err := common.HashPIN(string(temporaryPin))
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to hash temporaryPin", "error", err)
+		return res, err
+	}
+
+	err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, string(blockedPhonenumber), common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(hashedPIN))
 	if err != nil {
 		return res, nil
 	}
@@ -930,6 +973,8 @@ func (h *Handlers) ResetOthersPin(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// ResetUnregisteredNumber clears the unregistered number flag in the system,
+// indicating that a number's registration status should no longer be marked as unregistered.
 func (h *Handlers) ResetUnregisteredNumber(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	flag_unregistered_number, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_unregistered_number")
@@ -937,6 +982,8 @@ func (h *Handlers) ResetUnregisteredNumber(ctx context.Context, sym string, inpu
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// ValidateBlockedNumber performs validation of phone numbers, specifically for blocked numbers in the system.
+// It checks phone number format and verifies registration status.
 func (h *Handlers) ValidateBlockedNumber(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -1065,7 +1112,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ValidateRecipient(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 }
 
 // TransactionReset resets the previous transaction data (Recipient and Amount)
-// as well as the invalid flags
+// as well as the invalid flags.
 func (h *Handlers) TransactionReset(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -1118,7 +1165,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) InviteValidRecipient(ctx context.Context, sym string, input [
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// ResetTransactionAmount resets the transaction amount and invalid flag
+// ResetTransactionAmount resets the transaction amount and invalid flag.
 func (h *Handlers) ResetTransactionAmount(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -1248,7 +1295,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) RetrieveBlockedNumber(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// GetSender returns the sessionId (phoneNumber)
+// GetSender returns the sessionId (phoneNumber).
 func (h *Handlers) GetSender(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -1262,7 +1309,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetSender(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (res
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// GetAmount retrieves the amount from teh Gdbm Db
+// GetAmount retrieves the amount from teh Gdbm Db.
 func (h *Handlers) GetAmount(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -1286,7 +1333,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetAmount(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (res
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// InitiateTransaction calls the TokenTransfer and returns a confirmation based on the result
+// InitiateTransaction calls the TokenTransfer and returns a confirmation based on the result.
 func (h *Handlers) InitiateTransaction(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -1336,9 +1383,12 @@ func (h *Handlers) InitiateTransaction(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// GetCurrentProfileInfo retrieves specific profile fields based on the current state of the USSD session.
+// Uses flag management system to track profile field status and handle menu navigation.
 func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var profileInfo []byte
+	var defaultValue string
 	var err error
 
 	flag_firstname_set, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag("flag_firstname_set")
@@ -1355,6 +1405,17 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 	if !ok {
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("missing session")
 	}
+	language, ok := ctx.Value("Language").(lang.Language)
+	if !ok {
+		return res, fmt.Errorf("value for 'Language' is not of type lang.Language")
+	}
+	code := language.Code
+	if code == "swa" {
+		defaultValue = "Haipo"
+	} else {
+		defaultValue = "Not Provided"
+	}
+
 	sm, _ := h.st.Where()
 	parts := strings.SplitN(sm, "_", 2)
 	filename := parts[1]
@@ -1371,7 +1432,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_FIRST_NAME)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read first name entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_FIRST_NAME, err)
@@ -1383,7 +1444,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_FAMILY_NAME)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read family name entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_FAMILY_NAME, err)
@@ -1396,7 +1457,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_GENDER)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read gender entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_GENDER, err)
@@ -1408,7 +1469,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_YOB)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read year of birth(yob) entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_YOB, err)
@@ -1420,7 +1481,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_LOCATION)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read location entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_LOCATION, err)
@@ -1432,7 +1493,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 		profileInfo, err = store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_OFFERINGS)
 		if err != nil {
 			if db.IsNotFound(err) {
-				res.Content = "Not provided"
+				res.Content = defaultValue
 				break
 			}
 			logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "Failed to read offerings entry with", "key", "error", common.DATA_OFFERINGS, err)
@@ -1447,6 +1508,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetCurrentProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// GetProfileInfo provides a comprehensive view of a user's profile.
 func (h *Handlers) GetProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var defaultValue string
@@ -1515,7 +1577,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetProfileInfo(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 }
 
 // SetDefaultVoucher retrieves the current vouchers
-// and sets the first as the default voucher, if no active voucher is set
+// and sets the first as the default voucher, if no active voucher is set.
 func (h *Handlers) SetDefaultVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	var err error
@@ -1600,7 +1662,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SetDefaultVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 }
 
 // CheckVouchers retrieves the token holdings from the API using the "PublicKey" and stores
-// them to gdbm
+// them to gdbm.
 func (h *Handlers) CheckVouchers(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -1672,7 +1734,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) CheckVouchers(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// GetVoucherList fetches the list of vouchers and formats them
+// GetVoucherList fetches the list of vouchers and formats them.
 func (h *Handlers) GetVoucherList(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -1683,13 +1745,15 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetVoucherList(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte)
 		return res, err
 	}
 
-	res.Content = string(voucherData)
+	formattedData := h.ReplaceSeparatorFunc(string(voucherData))
+
+	res.Content = string(formattedData)
 
 	return res, nil
 }
 
 // ViewVoucher retrieves the token holding and balance from the subprefixDB
-// and displays it to the user for them to select it
+// and displays it to the user for them to select it.
 func (h *Handlers) ViewVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -1730,7 +1794,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ViewVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (r
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// SetVoucher retrieves the temp voucher data and sets it as the active data
+// SetVoucher retrieves the temp voucher data and sets it as the active data.
 func (h *Handlers) SetVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 
@@ -1756,7 +1820,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) SetVoucher(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (re
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// GetVoucherDetails retrieves the voucher details
+// GetVoucherDetails retrieves the voucher details.
 func (h *Handlers) GetVoucherDetails(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	store := h.userdataStore
@@ -1788,7 +1852,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetVoucherDetails(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// CheckTransactions retrieves the transactions from the API using the "PublicKey" and stores to prefixDb
+// CheckTransactions retrieves the transactions from the API using the "PublicKey" and stores to prefixDb.
 func (h *Handlers) CheckTransactions(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -1846,13 +1910,14 @@ func (h *Handlers) CheckTransactions(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []by
 	return res, nil
 }
 
-// GetTransactionsList fetches the list of transactions and formats them
+// GetTransactionsList fetches the list of transactions and formats them.
 func (h *Handlers) GetTransactionsList(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
 	if !ok {
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("missing session")
 	}
+
 	store := h.userdataStore
 	publicKey, err := store.ReadEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_PUBLIC_KEY)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1895,12 +1960,14 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetTransactionsList(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []
 		value := strings.TrimSpace(values[i])
 		date := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(dates[i]), " ")[0]
 
-		status := "received"
+		status := "Received"
 		if sender == string(publicKey) {
-			status = "sent"
+			status = "Sent"
 		}
 
-		formattedTransactions = append(formattedTransactions, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s %s %s %s", i+1, status, value, sym, date))
+		// Use the ReplaceSeparator function for the menu separator
+		transactionLine := fmt.Sprintf("%d%s%s %s %s %s", i+1, h.ReplaceSeparatorFunc(":"), status, value, sym, date)
+		formattedTransactions = append(formattedTransactions, transactionLine)
 	}
 
 	res.Content = strings.Join(formattedTransactions, "\n")
@@ -1909,7 +1976,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) GetTransactionsList(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []
 }
 
 // ViewTransactionStatement retrieves the transaction statement
-// and displays it to the user
+// and displays it to the user.
 func (h *Handlers) ViewTransactionStatement(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
@@ -1957,6 +2024,7 @@ func (h *Handlers) ViewTransactionStatement(ctx context.Context, sym string, inp
 	return res, nil
 }
 
+// handles bulk updates of profile information.
 func (h *Handlers) insertProfileItems(ctx context.Context, sessionId string, res *resource.Result) error {
 	var err error
 	store := h.userdataStore
@@ -1979,21 +2047,22 @@ func (h *Handlers) insertProfileItems(ctx context.Context, sessionId string, res
 	for index, profileItem := range h.profile.ProfileItems {
 		// Ensure the profileItem is not "0"(is set)
 		if profileItem != "0" {
-			err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, profileDataKeys[index], []byte(profileItem))
-			if err != nil {
-				logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write profile entry with", "key", profileDataKeys[index], "value", profileItem, "error", err)
-				return err
-			}
-
-			// Get the flag for the current index
 			flag, _ := h.flagManager.GetFlag(profileFlagNames[index])
-			res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag)
+			isProfileItemSet := h.st.MatchFlag(flag, true)
+			if !isProfileItemSet {
+				err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, profileDataKeys[index], []byte(profileItem))
+				if err != nil {
+					logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to write profile entry with", "key", profileDataKeys[index], "value", profileItem, "error", err)
+					return err
+				}
+				res.FlagSet = append(res.FlagSet, flag)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-// UpdateAllProfileItems  is used to persist all the  new profile information and setup  the required profile flags
+// UpdateAllProfileItems  is used to persist all the  new profile information and setup  the required profile flags.
 func (h *Handlers) UpdateAllProfileItems(ctx context.Context, sym string, input []byte) (resource.Result, error) {
 	var res resource.Result
 	sessionId, ok := ctx.Value("SessionId").(string)
diff --git a/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler_test.go b/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler_test.go
index 25470e8..914dffc 100644
--- a/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler_test.go
+++ b/internal/handlers/ussd/menuhandler_test.go
@@ -5,15 +5,18 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"path"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/cache"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/lang"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/persist"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/resource"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/state"
-	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage"
+	dbstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/testutil/mocks"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/testutil/testservice"
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/utils"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/models"
 
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/common"
@@ -32,6 +35,11 @@ var (
 	flagsPath = path.Join(baseDir, "services", "registration", "pp.csv")
 )
 
+// mockReplaceSeparator function
+var mockReplaceSeparator = func(input string) string {
+	return strings.ReplaceAll(input, ":", ": ")
+}
+
 // InitializeTestStore sets up and returns an in-memory database and store.
 func InitializeTestStore(t *testing.T) (context.Context, *common.UserDataStore) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
@@ -51,14 +59,14 @@ func InitializeTestStore(t *testing.T) (context.Context, *common.UserDataStore)
 	return ctx, store
 }
 
-func InitializeTestSubPrefixDb(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context) *storage.SubPrefixDb {
+func InitializeTestSubPrefixDb(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context) *dbstorage.SubPrefixDb {
 	db := memdb.NewMemDb()
 	err := db.Connect(ctx, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	prefix := common.ToBytes(visedb.DATATYPE_USERDATA)
-	spdb := storage.NewSubPrefixDb(db, prefix)
+	spdb := dbstorage.NewSubPrefixDb(db, prefix)
 
 	return spdb
 }
@@ -67,12 +75,15 @@ func TestNewHandlers(t *testing.T) {
 	_, store := InitializeTestStore(t)
 
 	fm, err := NewFlagManager(flagsPath)
-	accountService := testservice.TestAccountService{}
 	if err != nil {
-		t.Logf(err.Error())
+		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
+
+	accountService := testservice.TestAccountService{}
+
+	// Test case for valid UserDataStore
 	t.Run("Valid UserDataStore", func(t *testing.T) {
-		handlers, err := NewHandlers(fm.parser, store, nil, &accountService)
+		handlers, err := NewHandlers(fm.parser, store, nil, &accountService, mockReplaceSeparator)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("expected no error, got %v", err)
 		}
@@ -82,23 +93,130 @@ func TestNewHandlers(t *testing.T) {
 		if handlers.userdataStore == nil {
 			t.Fatal("expected userdataStore to be set in handlers")
 		}
+		if handlers.ReplaceSeparatorFunc == nil {
+			t.Fatal("expected ReplaceSeparatorFunc to be set in handlers")
+		}
+
+		// Test ReplaceSeparatorFunc functionality
+		input := "1:Menu item"
+		expectedOutput := "1: Menu item"
+		if handlers.ReplaceSeparatorFunc(input) != expectedOutput {
+			t.Fatalf("ReplaceSeparatorFunc function did not return expected output: got %v, want %v", handlers.ReplaceSeparatorFunc(input), expectedOutput)
+		}
 	})
 
-	// Test case for nil userdataStore
+	// Test case for nil UserDataStore
 	t.Run("Nil UserDataStore", func(t *testing.T) {
-		handlers, err := NewHandlers(fm.parser, nil, nil, &accountService)
+		handlers, err := NewHandlers(fm.parser, nil, nil, &accountService, mockReplaceSeparator)
 		if err == nil {
 			t.Fatal("expected an error, got none")
 		}
 		if handlers != nil {
 			t.Fatal("expected handlers to be nil")
 		}
-		if err.Error() != "cannot create handler with nil userdata store" {
-			t.Fatalf("expected specific error, got %v", err)
+		expectedError := "cannot create handler with nil userdata store"
+		if err.Error() != expectedError {
+			t.Fatalf("expected error '%s', got '%v'", expectedError, err)
 		}
 	})
 }
 
+func TestInit(t *testing.T) {
+	sessionId := "session123"
+	ctx, store := InitializeTestStore(t)
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, "SessionId", sessionId)
+
+	fm, err := NewFlagManager(flagsPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	adminstore, err := utils.NewAdminStore(ctx, "admin_numbers")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err.Error())
+	}
+
+	st := state.NewState(128)
+	ca := cache.NewCache()
+
+	flag_admin_privilege, _ := fm.GetFlag("flag_admin_privilege")
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		setup          func() (*Handlers, context.Context)
+		input          []byte
+		expectedResult resource.Result
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Handler not ready",
+			setup: func() (*Handlers, context.Context) {
+				return &Handlers{}, ctx
+			},
+			input:          []byte("1"),
+			expectedResult: resource.Result{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "State and memory initialization",
+			setup: func() (*Handlers, context.Context) {
+				pe := persist.NewPersister(store).WithSession(sessionId).WithContent(st, ca)
+				h := &Handlers{
+					flagManager: fm.parser,
+					adminstore:  adminstore,
+					pe:          pe,
+				}
+				return h, context.WithValue(ctx, "SessionId", sessionId)
+			},
+			input: []byte("1"),
+			expectedResult: resource.Result{
+				FlagReset: []uint32{flag_admin_privilege},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Non-admin session initialization",
+			setup: func() (*Handlers, context.Context) {
+				pe := persist.NewPersister(store).WithSession("0712345678").WithContent(st, ca)
+				h := &Handlers{
+					flagManager: fm.parser,
+					adminstore:  adminstore,
+					pe:          pe,
+				}
+				return h, context.WithValue(context.Background(), "SessionId", "0712345678")
+			},
+			input: []byte("1"),
+			expectedResult: resource.Result{
+				FlagReset: []uint32{flag_admin_privilege},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Move to top node on empty input",
+			setup: func() (*Handlers, context.Context) {
+				pe := persist.NewPersister(store).WithSession(sessionId).WithContent(st, ca)
+				h := &Handlers{
+					flagManager: fm.parser,
+					adminstore:  adminstore,
+					pe:          pe,
+				}
+				st.Code = []byte("some pending bytecode")
+				return h, context.WithValue(ctx, "SessionId", sessionId)
+			},
+			input: []byte(""),
+			expectedResult: resource.Result{
+				FlagReset: []uint32{flag_admin_privilege},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			h, testCtx := tt.setup()
+			res, err := h.Init(testCtx, "", tt.input)
+
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "Unexpected error occurred")
+			assert.Equal(t, res, tt.expectedResult, "Expected result should match actual result")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestCreateAccount(t *testing.T) {
 	sessionId := "session123"
 	ctx, store := InitializeTestStore(t)
@@ -929,7 +1047,14 @@ func TestAuthorize(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(accountPIN))
+			// Hash the PIN
+			hashedPIN, err := common.HashPIN(accountPIN)
+			if err != nil {
+				logg.ErrorCtxf(ctx, "failed to hash temporaryPin", "error", err)
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			err = store.WriteEntry(ctx, sessionId, common.DATA_ACCOUNT_PIN, []byte(hashedPIN))
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -1381,59 +1506,6 @@ func TestQuit(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestIsValidPIN(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name     string
-		pin      string
-		expected bool
-	}{
-		{
-			name:     "Valid PIN with 4 digits",
-			pin:      "1234",
-			expected: true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Valid PIN with leading zeros",
-			pin:      "0001",
-			expected: true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Invalid PIN with less than 4 digits",
-			pin:      "123",
-			expected: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Invalid PIN with more than 4 digits",
-			pin:      "12345",
-			expected: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Invalid PIN with letters",
-			pin:      "abcd",
-			expected: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Invalid PIN with special characters",
-			pin:      "12@#",
-			expected: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:     "Empty PIN",
-			pin:      "",
-			expected: false,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			actual := isValidPIN(tt.pin)
-			if actual != tt.expected {
-				t.Errorf("isValidPIN(%q) = %v; expected %v", tt.pin, actual, tt.expected)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func TestValidateAmount(t *testing.T) {
 	fm, err := NewFlagManager(flagsPath)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1680,7 +1752,7 @@ func TestGetProfile(t *testing.T) {
 			result: resource.Result{
 				Content: fmt.Sprintf(
 					"Name: %s\nGender: %s\nAge: %s\nLocation: %s\nYou provide: %s\n",
-					"John Doee", "Male", "48", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
+					"John Doee", "Male", "49", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
 				),
 			},
 		},
@@ -1692,7 +1764,7 @@ func TestGetProfile(t *testing.T) {
 			result: resource.Result{
 				Content: fmt.Sprintf(
 					"Jina: %s\nJinsia: %s\nUmri: %s\nEneo: %s\nUnauza: %s\n",
-					"John Doee", "Male", "48", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
+					"John Doee", "Male", "49", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
 				),
 			},
 		},
@@ -1704,7 +1776,7 @@ func TestGetProfile(t *testing.T) {
 			result: resource.Result{
 				Content: fmt.Sprintf(
 					"Name: %s\nGender: %s\nAge: %s\nLocation: %s\nYou provide: %s\n",
-					"John Doee", "Male", "48", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
+					"John Doee", "Male", "49", "Kilifi", "Bananas",
 				),
 			},
 		},
@@ -1982,26 +2054,31 @@ func TestCheckVouchers(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestGetVoucherList(t *testing.T) {
 	sessionId := "session123"
+
 	ctx := context.WithValue(context.Background(), "SessionId", sessionId)
 
 	spdb := InitializeTestSubPrefixDb(t, ctx)
 
+	// Initialize Handlers
 	h := &Handlers{
-		prefixDb: spdb,
+		prefixDb:             spdb,
+		ReplaceSeparatorFunc: mockReplaceSeparator,
 	}
 
-	expectedSym := []byte("1:SRF\n2:MILO")
+	mockSyms := []byte("1:SRF\n2:MILO")
 
 	// Put voucher sym data from the store
-	err := spdb.Put(ctx, common.ToBytes(common.DATA_VOUCHER_SYMBOLS), expectedSym)
+	err := spdb.Put(ctx, common.ToBytes(common.DATA_VOUCHER_SYMBOLS), mockSyms)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
+	expectedSyms := []byte("1: SRF\n2: MILO")
+
 	res, err := h.GetVoucherList(ctx, "", []byte(""))
 
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, res.Content, string(expectedSym))
+	assert.Equal(t, res.Content, string(expectedSyms))
 }
 
 func TestViewVoucher(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/internal/http/at/parse.go b/internal/http/at/parse.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2696ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/http/at/parse.go
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package at
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/common"
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/handlers"
+)
+
+type ATRequestParser struct {
+	Context context.Context
+}
+
+func (arp *ATRequestParser) GetSessionId(rq any) (string, error) {
+	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
+	if !ok {
+		logg.Warnf("got an invalid request", "req", rq)
+		return "", handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
+	}
+
+	// Capture body (if any) for logging
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(rqv.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.Warnf("failed to read request body", "err", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to read request body: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Reset the body for further reading
+	rqv.Body = io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(body))
+
+	// Log the body as JSON
+	bodyLog := map[string]string{"body": string(body)}
+	logBytes, err := json.Marshal(bodyLog)
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.Warnf("failed to marshal request body", "err", err)
+	} else {
+		decodedStr := string(logBytes)
+		sessionId, err := extractATSessionId(decodedStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			context.WithValue(arp.Context, "at-session-id", sessionId)
+		}
+		logg.Debugf("Received request:", decodedStr)
+	}
+
+	if err := rqv.ParseForm(); err != nil {
+		logg.Warnf("failed to parse form data", "err", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to parse form data: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	phoneNumber := rqv.FormValue("phoneNumber")
+	if phoneNumber == "" {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no phone number found")
+	}
+
+	formattedNumber, err := common.FormatPhoneNumber(phoneNumber)
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.Warnf("failed to format phone number", "err", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to format number")
+	}
+
+	return formattedNumber, nil
+}
+
+func (arp *ATRequestParser) GetInput(rq any) ([]byte, error) {
+	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
+	}
+	if err := rqv.ParseForm(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse form data: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	text := rqv.FormValue("text")
+
+	parts := strings.Split(text, "*")
+	if len(parts) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no input found")
+	}
+
+	return []byte(parts[len(parts)-1]), nil
+}
+
+func parseQueryParams(query string) map[string]string {
+	params := make(map[string]string)
+
+	queryParams := strings.Split(query, "&")
+	for _, param := range queryParams {
+		// Split each key-value pair by '='
+		parts := strings.SplitN(param, "=", 2)
+		if len(parts) == 2 {
+			params[parts[0]] = parts[1]
+		}
+	}
+	return params
+}
+
+func extractATSessionId(decodedStr string) (string, error) {
+	var data map[string]string
+	err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(decodedStr), &data)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.Errorf("Error unmarshalling JSON: %v", err)
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	decodedBody, err := url.QueryUnescape(data["body"])
+	if err != nil {
+		logg.Errorf("Error URL-decoding body: %v", err)
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	params := parseQueryParams(decodedBody)
+
+	sessionId := params["sessionId"]
+	return sessionId, nil
+
+}
diff --git a/internal/http/at_session_handler.go b/internal/http/at/server.go
similarity index 79%
rename from internal/http/at_session_handler.go
rename to internal/http/at/server.go
index 25da954..705ff76 100644
--- a/internal/http/at_session_handler.go
+++ b/internal/http/at/server.go
@@ -1,19 +1,25 @@
-package http
+package at
 
 import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 
+	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/logging"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/handlers"
+	httpserver "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/http"
+)
+
+var (
+	logg = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("atserver")
 )
 
 type ATSessionHandler struct {
-	*SessionHandler
+	*httpserver.SessionHandler
 }
 
 func NewATSessionHandler(h handlers.RequestHandler) *ATSessionHandler {
 	return &ATSessionHandler{
-		SessionHandler: ToSessionHandler(h),
+		SessionHandler: httpserver.ToSessionHandler(h),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -31,14 +37,14 @@ func (ash *ATSessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
 	cfg.SessionId, err = rp.GetSessionId(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(rqs.Ctx, "", "header processing error", err)
-		ash.writeError(w, 400, err)
+		ash.WriteError(w, 400, err)
 		return
 	}
 	rqs.Config = cfg
 	rqs.Input, err = rp.GetInput(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(rqs.Ctx, "", "header processing error", err)
-		ash.writeError(w, 400, err)
+		ash.WriteError(w, 400, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -53,7 +59,7 @@ func (ash *ATSessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
 	}
 
 	if code != 200 {
-		ash.writeError(w, 500, err)
+		ash.WriteError(w, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -61,13 +67,13 @@ func (ash *ATSessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request)
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	rqs, err = ash.Output(rqs)
 	if err != nil {
-		ash.writeError(w, 500, err)
+		ash.WriteError(w, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
 
 	rqs, err = ash.Reset(rqs)
 	if err != nil {
-		ash.writeError(w, 500, err)
+		ash.WriteError(w, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
 }
@@ -89,4 +95,4 @@ func (ash *ATSessionHandler) Output(rqs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.Reque
 
 	_, err = rqs.Engine.Flush(rqs.Ctx, rqs.Writer)
 	return rqs, err
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/internal/http/http_test.go b/internal/http/at/server_test.go
similarity index 54%
rename from internal/http/http_test.go
rename to internal/http/at/server_test.go
index 14bb90a..dd45c25 100644
--- a/internal/http/http_test.go
+++ b/internal/http/at/server_test.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
-package http
+package at
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"io"
@@ -16,16 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/testutil/mocks/httpmocks"
 )
 
-// invalidRequestType is a custom type to test invalid request scenarios
-type invalidRequestType struct{}
-
-// errorReader is a helper type that always returns an error when Read is called
-type errorReader struct{}
-
-func (e *errorReader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
-	return 0, errors.New("read error")
-}
-
 func TestNewATSessionHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	mockHandler := &httpmocks.MockRequestHandler{}
 	ash := NewATSessionHandler(mockHandler)
@@ -242,208 +231,4 @@ func TestATSessionHandler_Output(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestSessionHandler_ServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name           string
-		sessionID      string
-		input          []byte
-		parserErr      error
-		processErr     error
-		outputErr      error
-		resetErr       error
-		expectedStatus int
-	}{
-		{
-			name:           "Success",
-			sessionID:      "123",
-			input:          []byte("test input"),
-			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "Missing Session ID",
-			sessionID:      "",
-			parserErr:      handlers.ErrSessionMissing,
-			expectedStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "Process Error",
-			sessionID:      "123",
-			input:          []byte("test input"),
-			processErr:     handlers.ErrStorage,
-			expectedStatus: http.StatusInternalServerError,
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "Output Error",
-			sessionID:      "123",
-			input:          []byte("test input"),
-			outputErr:      errors.New("output error"),
-			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
-		},
-		{
-			name:           "Reset Error",
-			sessionID:      "123",
-			input:          []byte("test input"),
-			resetErr:       errors.New("reset error"),
-			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
-		},
-	}
 
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			mockRequestParser := &httpmocks.MockRequestParser{
-				GetSessionIdFunc: func(any) (string, error) {
-					return tt.sessionID, tt.parserErr
-				},
-				GetInputFunc: func(any) ([]byte, error) {
-					return tt.input, nil
-				},
-			}
-
-			mockRequestHandler := &httpmocks.MockRequestHandler{
-				ProcessFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
-					return rs, tt.processErr
-				},
-				OutputFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
-					return rs, tt.outputErr
-				},
-				ResetFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
-					return rs, tt.resetErr
-				},
-				GetRequestParserFunc: func() handlers.RequestParser {
-					return mockRequestParser
-				},
-				GetConfigFunc: func() engine.Config {
-					return engine.Config{}
-				},
-			}
-
-			sessionHandler := ToSessionHandler(mockRequestHandler)
-
-			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", bytes.NewBuffer(tt.input))
-			req.Header.Set("X-Vise-Session", tt.sessionID)
-
-			rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
-
-			sessionHandler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
-
-			if status := rr.Code; status != tt.expectedStatus {
-				t.Errorf("handler returned wrong status code: got %v want %v",
-					status, tt.expectedStatus)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSessionHandler_writeError(t *testing.T) {
-	handler := &SessionHandler{}
-	mockWriter := &httpmocks.MockWriter{}
-	err := errors.New("test error")
-
-	handler.writeError(mockWriter, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
-
-	if mockWriter.WrittenString != "" {
-		t.Errorf("Expected empty body, got %s", mockWriter.WrittenString)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDefaultRequestParser_GetSessionId(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name          string
-		request       any
-		expectedID    string
-		expectedError error
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "Valid Session ID",
-			request: func() *http.Request {
-				req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil)
-				req.Header.Set("X-Vise-Session", "123456")
-				return req
-			}(),
-			expectedID:    "123456",
-			expectedError: nil,
-		},
-		{
-			name:          "Missing Session ID",
-			request:       httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil),
-			expectedID:    "",
-			expectedError: handlers.ErrSessionMissing,
-		},
-		{
-			name:          "Invalid Request Type",
-			request:       invalidRequestType{},
-			expectedID:    "",
-			expectedError: handlers.ErrInvalidRequest,
-		},
-	}
-
-	parser := &DefaultRequestParser{}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			id, err := parser.GetSessionId(tt.request)
-
-			if id != tt.expectedID {
-				t.Errorf("Expected session ID %s, got %s", tt.expectedID, id)
-			}
-
-			if err != tt.expectedError {
-				t.Errorf("Expected error %v, got %v", tt.expectedError, err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDefaultRequestParser_GetInput(t *testing.T) {
-	tests := []struct {
-		name          string
-		request       any
-		expectedInput []byte
-		expectedError error
-	}{
-		{
-			name: "Valid Input",
-			request: func() *http.Request {
-				return httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", bytes.NewBufferString("test input"))
-			}(),
-			expectedInput: []byte("test input"),
-			expectedError: nil,
-		},
-		{
-			name:          "Empty Input",
-			request:       httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil),
-			expectedInput: []byte{},
-			expectedError: nil,
-		},
-		{
-			name:          "Invalid Request Type",
-			request:       invalidRequestType{},
-			expectedInput: nil,
-			expectedError: handlers.ErrInvalidRequest,
-		},
-		{
-			name: "Read Error",
-			request: func() *http.Request {
-				return httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", &errorReader{})
-			}(),
-			expectedInput: nil,
-			expectedError: errors.New("read error"),
-		},
-	}
-
-	parser := &DefaultRequestParser{}
-
-	for _, tt := range tests {
-		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			input, err := parser.GetInput(tt.request)
-
-			if !bytes.Equal(input, tt.expectedInput) {
-				t.Errorf("Expected input %s, got %s", tt.expectedInput, input)
-			}
-
-			if err != tt.expectedError && (err == nil || err.Error() != tt.expectedError.Error()) {
-				t.Errorf("Expected error %v, got %v", tt.expectedError, err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
diff --git a/internal/http/parse.go b/internal/http/parse.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec8e00b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/http/parse.go
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package http
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/handlers"
+)
+
+type DefaultRequestParser struct {
+}
+
+func (rp *DefaultRequestParser) GetSessionId(rq any) (string, error) {
+	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
+	if !ok {
+		return "", handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
+	}
+	v := rqv.Header.Get("X-Vise-Session")
+	if v == "" {
+		return "", handlers.ErrSessionMissing
+	}
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+func (rp *DefaultRequestParser) GetInput(rq any) ([]byte, error) {
+	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
+	}
+	defer rqv.Body.Close()
+	v, err := ioutil.ReadAll(rqv.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+
diff --git a/internal/http/server.go b/internal/http/server.go
index 3ea0159..9cadfa3 100644
--- a/internal/http/server.go
+++ b/internal/http/server.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package http
 
 import (
-	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
 
@@ -14,35 +13,6 @@ var (
 	logg = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("httpserver")
 )
 
-type DefaultRequestParser struct {
-}
-
-
-func(rp *DefaultRequestParser) GetSessionId(rq any) (string, error) {
-	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
-	if !ok {
-		return "", handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
-	}
-	v := rqv.Header.Get("X-Vise-Session")
-	if v == "" {
-		return "", handlers.ErrSessionMissing
-	}
-	return v, nil
-}
-
-func(rp *DefaultRequestParser) GetInput(rq any) ([]byte, error) {
-	rqv, ok := rq.(*http.Request)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, handlers.ErrInvalidRequest
-	}
-	defer rqv.Body.Close()
-	v, err := ioutil.ReadAll(rqv.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return v, nil
-}
-
 type SessionHandler struct {
 	handlers.RequestHandler
 }
@@ -53,25 +23,24 @@ func ToSessionHandler(h handlers.RequestHandler) *SessionHandler {
 	}
 }
 
-func(f *SessionHandler) writeError(w http.ResponseWriter, code int, err error) {
+func (f *SessionHandler) WriteError(w http.ResponseWriter, code int, err error) {
 	s := err.Error()
 	w.Header().Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(s)))
 	w.WriteHeader(code)
-	_, err = w.Write([]byte{})
+	_, err = w.Write([]byte(s))
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.Errorf("error writing error!!", "err", err, "olderr", s)
 		w.WriteHeader(500)
 	}
-	return 
 }
 
-func(f *SessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
+func (f *SessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	var code int
 	var err error
 	var perr error
 
 	rqs := handlers.RequestSession{
-		Ctx: req.Context(),
+		Ctx:    req.Context(),
 		Writer: w,
 	}
 
@@ -80,13 +49,13 @@ func(f *SessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	cfg.SessionId, err = rp.GetSessionId(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(rqs.Ctx, "", "header processing error", err)
-		f.writeError(w, 400, err)
+		f.WriteError(w, 400, err)
 	}
 	rqs.Config = cfg
 	rqs.Input, err = rp.GetInput(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		logg.ErrorCtxf(rqs.Ctx, "", "header processing error", err)
-		f.writeError(w, 400, err)
+		f.WriteError(w, 400, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -103,7 +72,7 @@ func(f *SessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	}
 
 	if code != 200 {
-		f.writeError(w, 500, err)
+		f.WriteError(w, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -112,11 +81,11 @@ func(f *SessionHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
 	rqs, err = f.Output(rqs)
 	rqs, perr = f.Reset(rqs)
 	if err != nil {
-		f.writeError(w, 500, err)
+		f.WriteError(w, 500, err)
 		return
 	}
 	if perr != nil {
-		f.writeError(w, 500, perr)
+		f.WriteError(w, 500, perr)
 		return
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/http/server_test.go b/internal/http/server_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a46f98e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/http/server_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+package http
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/engine"
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/handlers"
+	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/testutil/mocks/httpmocks"
+)
+
+// invalidRequestType is a custom type to test invalid request scenarios
+type invalidRequestType struct{}
+
+// errorReader is a helper type that always returns an error when Read is called
+type errorReader struct{}
+
+func (e *errorReader) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	return 0, errors.New("read error")
+}
+
+func TestSessionHandler_ServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name           string
+		sessionID      string
+		input          []byte
+		parserErr      error
+		processErr     error
+		outputErr      error
+		resetErr       error
+		expectedStatus int
+	}{
+		{
+			name:           "Success",
+			sessionID:      "123",
+			input:          []byte("test input"),
+			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "Missing Session ID",
+			sessionID:      "",
+			parserErr:      handlers.ErrSessionMissing,
+			expectedStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "Process Error",
+			sessionID:      "123",
+			input:          []byte("test input"),
+			processErr:     handlers.ErrStorage,
+			expectedStatus: http.StatusInternalServerError,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "Output Error",
+			sessionID:      "123",
+			input:          []byte("test input"),
+			outputErr:      errors.New("output error"),
+			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
+		},
+		{
+			name:           "Reset Error",
+			sessionID:      "123",
+			input:          []byte("test input"),
+			resetErr:       errors.New("reset error"),
+			expectedStatus: http.StatusOK,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			mockRequestParser := &httpmocks.MockRequestParser{
+				GetSessionIdFunc: func(any) (string, error) {
+					return tt.sessionID, tt.parserErr
+				},
+				GetInputFunc: func(any) ([]byte, error) {
+					return tt.input, nil
+				},
+			}
+
+			mockRequestHandler := &httpmocks.MockRequestHandler{
+				ProcessFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
+					return rs, tt.processErr
+				},
+				OutputFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
+					return rs, tt.outputErr
+				},
+				ResetFunc: func(rs handlers.RequestSession) (handlers.RequestSession, error) {
+					return rs, tt.resetErr
+				},
+				GetRequestParserFunc: func() handlers.RequestParser {
+					return mockRequestParser
+				},
+				GetConfigFunc: func() engine.Config {
+					return engine.Config{}
+				},
+			}
+
+			sessionHandler := ToSessionHandler(mockRequestHandler)
+
+			req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", bytes.NewBuffer(tt.input))
+			req.Header.Set("X-Vise-Session", tt.sessionID)
+
+			rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+			sessionHandler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
+
+			if status := rr.Code; status != tt.expectedStatus {
+				t.Errorf("handler returned wrong status code: got %v want %v",
+					status, tt.expectedStatus)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSessionHandler_WriteError(t *testing.T) {
+	handler := &SessionHandler{}
+	mockWriter := &httpmocks.MockWriter{}
+	err := errors.New("test error")
+
+	handler.WriteError(mockWriter, http.StatusBadRequest, err)
+
+	if mockWriter.WrittenString != "" {
+		t.Errorf("Expected empty body, got %s", mockWriter.WrittenString)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultRequestParser_GetSessionId(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		request       any
+		expectedID    string
+		expectedError error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Valid Session ID",
+			request: func() *http.Request {
+				req := httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil)
+				req.Header.Set("X-Vise-Session", "123456")
+				return req
+			}(),
+			expectedID:    "123456",
+			expectedError: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Missing Session ID",
+			request:       httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil),
+			expectedID:    "",
+			expectedError: handlers.ErrSessionMissing,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Invalid Request Type",
+			request:       invalidRequestType{},
+			expectedID:    "",
+			expectedError: handlers.ErrInvalidRequest,
+		},
+	}
+
+	parser := &DefaultRequestParser{}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			id, err := parser.GetSessionId(tt.request)
+
+			if id != tt.expectedID {
+				t.Errorf("Expected session ID %s, got %s", tt.expectedID, id)
+			}
+
+			if err != tt.expectedError {
+				t.Errorf("Expected error %v, got %v", tt.expectedError, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDefaultRequestParser_GetInput(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name          string
+		request       any
+		expectedInput []byte
+		expectedError error
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Valid Input",
+			request: func() *http.Request {
+				return httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", bytes.NewBufferString("test input"))
+			}(),
+			expectedInput: []byte("test input"),
+			expectedError: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Empty Input",
+			request:       httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", nil),
+			expectedInput: []byte{},
+			expectedError: nil,
+		},
+		{
+			name:          "Invalid Request Type",
+			request:       invalidRequestType{},
+			expectedInput: nil,
+			expectedError: handlers.ErrInvalidRequest,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Read Error",
+			request: func() *http.Request {
+				return httptest.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, "/", &errorReader{})
+			}(),
+			expectedInput: nil,
+			expectedError: errors.New("read error"),
+		},
+	}
+
+	parser := &DefaultRequestParser{}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			input, err := parser.GetInput(tt.request)
+
+			if !bytes.Equal(input, tt.expectedInput) {
+				t.Errorf("Expected input %s, got %s", tt.expectedInput, input)
+			}
+
+			if err != tt.expectedError && (err == nil || err.Error() != tt.expectedError.Error()) {
+				t.Errorf("Expected error %v, got %v", tt.expectedError, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/storage/gdbm.go b/internal/storage/db/gdbm/gdbm.go
similarity index 95%
rename from internal/storage/gdbm.go
rename to internal/storage/db/gdbm/gdbm.go
index ede1a49..24b502f 100644
--- a/internal/storage/gdbm.go
+++ b/internal/storage/db/gdbm/gdbm.go
@@ -6,6 +6,11 @@ import (
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db"
 	gdbmdb "git.defalsify.org/vise.git/db/gdbm"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/lang"
+	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/logging"
+)
+
+var (
+	logg = logging.NewVanilla().WithDomain("gdbmstorage")
 )
 
 var (
diff --git a/internal/storage/sub_prefix_db.go b/internal/storage/db/sub_prefix_db.go
similarity index 100%
rename from internal/storage/sub_prefix_db.go
rename to internal/storage/db/sub_prefix_db.go
diff --git a/internal/storage/sub_prefix_db_test.go b/internal/storage/db/sub_prefix_db_test.go
similarity index 100%
rename from internal/storage/sub_prefix_db_test.go
rename to internal/storage/db/sub_prefix_db_test.go
diff --git a/internal/storage/storageservice.go b/internal/storage/storageservice.go
index ca28bbb..04e75ce 100644
--- a/internal/storage/storageservice.go
+++ b/internal/storage/storageservice.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/persist"
 	"git.defalsify.org/vise.git/resource"
 	"git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/initializers"
+	gdbmstorage "git.grassecon.net/urdt/ussd/internal/storage/db/gdbm"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ func (ms *MenuStorageService) getOrCreateDb(ctx context.Context, existingDb db.D
 		connStr := buildConnStr()
 		err = newDb.Connect(ctx, connStr)
 	} else {
-		newDb = NewThreadGdbmDb()
+		newDb = gdbmstorage.NewThreadGdbmDb()
 		storeFile := path.Join(ms.dbDir, fileName)
 		err = newDb.Connect(ctx, storeFile)
 	}
diff --git a/internal/utils/isocode.go b/internal/utils/isocode.go
index 3bdfbeb..692b7bb 100644
--- a/internal/utils/isocode.go
+++ b/internal/utils/isocode.go
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 package utils
 
 var isoCodes = map[string]bool{
-	"eng": true, // English
-	"swa": true, // Swahili
-
+	"eng":     true, // English
+	"swa":     true, // Swahili
+	"default": true, // Default language: English
 }
 
 func IsValidISO639(code string) bool {
diff --git a/menutraversal_test/group_test.json b/menutraversal_test/group_test.json
index 8f43ff5..f35beb9 100644
--- a/menutraversal_test/group_test.json
+++ b/menutraversal_test/group_test.json
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@
                 },
                 {
                     "input": "1234",
-                    "expectedContent": "Select language:\n0:English\n1:Kiswahili"
+                    "expectedContent": "Select language:\n1:English\n2:Kiswahili"
                 },
                 {
-                    "input": "0",
+                    "input": "1",
                     "expectedContent": "Your language change request was successful.\n0:Back\n9:Quit"
                 },
                 {
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@
                 },
                 {
                     "input": "1234",
-                    "expectedContent": "My profile:\nName: foo bar\nGender: male\nAge: 84\nLocation: Kilifi\nYou provide: Bananas\n\n0:Back"
+                    "expectedContent": "My profile:\nName: foo bar\nGender: male\nAge: 80\nLocation: Kilifi\nYou provide: Bananas\n\n0:Back\n9:Quit"
                 },
                 {
                     "input": "0",
diff --git a/menutraversal_test/menu_traversal_test.go b/menutraversal_test/menu_traversal_test.go
index 28d88db..6b6b3da 100644
--- a/menutraversal_test/menu_traversal_test.go
+++ b/menutraversal_test/menu_traversal_test.go
@@ -298,9 +298,10 @@ func TestMainMenuSend(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	sessions := testData
 	for _, session := range sessions {
-		groups := driver.FilterGroupsByName(session.Groups, "send_with_invalid_inputs")
+		groups := driver.FilterGroupsByName(session.Groups, "send_with_invite")
 		for _, group := range groups {
-			for _, step := range group.Steps {
+			for index, step := range group.Steps {
+				t.Logf("step %v with input %v", index, step.Input)
 				cont, err := en.Exec(ctx, []byte(step.Input))
 				if err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("Test case '%s' failed at input '%s': %v", group.Name, step.Input, err)
diff --git a/menutraversal_test/test_setup.json b/menutraversal_test/test_setup.json
index c5860b4..8728640 100644
--- a/menutraversal_test/test_setup.json
+++ b/menutraversal_test/test_setup.json
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
                 "steps": [
                     {
                         "input": "",
-                        "expectedContent": "Welcome to Sarafu Network\nPlease select a language\n0:English\n1:Kiswahili"
+                        "expectedContent": "Welcome to Sarafu Network\nPlease select a language\n1:English\n2:Kiswahili"
                     },
                     {
-                        "input": "0",
-                        "expectedContent": "Do you agree to terms and conditions?\nhttps://grassecon.org/pages/terms-and-conditions\n\n0:Yes\n1:No"
+                        "input": "1",
+                        "expectedContent": "Do you agree to terms and conditions?\nhttps://grassecon.org/pages/terms-and-conditions\n\n1:Yes\n2:No"
                     },
                     {
-                        "input": "0",
+                        "input": "1",
                         "expectedContent": "Please enter a new four number PIN for your account:\n0:Exit"
                     },
                     {
@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@
                 "steps": [
                     {
                         "input": "",
-                        "expectedContent": "Welcome to Sarafu Network\nPlease select a language\n0:English\n1:Kiswahili"
-                    },
-                    {
-                        "input": "0",
-                        "expectedContent": "Do you agree to terms and conditions?\nhttps://grassecon.org/pages/terms-and-conditions\n\n0:Yes\n1:No"
+                        "expectedContent": "Welcome to Sarafu Network\nPlease select a language\n1:English\n2:Kiswahili"
                     },
                     {
                         "input": "1",
+                        "expectedContent": "Do you agree to terms and conditions?\nhttps://grassecon.org/pages/terms-and-conditions\n\n1:Yes\n2:No"
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "input": "2",
                         "expectedContent": "Thank you for using Sarafu. Goodbye!"
                     }
                 ]
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@
                         "expectedContent": "Enter recipient's phone number/address/alias:\n0:Back"
                     },
                     {
-                        "input": "000",
-                        "expectedContent": "000 is invalid, please try again:\n1:Retry\n9:Quit"
+                        "input": "0@0",
+                        "expectedContent": "0@0 is invalid, please try again:\n1:Retry\n9:Quit"
                     },
                     {
                         "input": "1",
diff --git a/services/registration/balances.vis b/services/registration/balances.vis
index aef397f..9a346d5 100644
--- a/services/registration/balances.vis
+++ b/services/registration/balances.vis
@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@ HALT
 INCMP _ 0
 INCMP my_balance 1
 INCMP community_balance 2
+INCMP . * 
diff --git a/services/registration/change_language.vis b/services/registration/change_language.vis
index 05ca95b..f20bcfb 100644
--- a/services/registration/change_language.vis
+++ b/services/registration/change_language.vis
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ LOAD reset_account_authorized 0
 LOAD reset_incorrect 0
 CATCH incorrect_pin flag_incorrect_pin 1
 CATCH pin_entry flag_account_authorized 0
-MOUT english 0
-MOUT kiswahili 1
+MOUT english 1
+MOUT kiswahili 2
 HALT
-INCMP set_default 0
-INCMP set_swa 1
+INCMP set_eng 1
+INCMP set_swa 2
 INCMP . *
diff --git a/services/registration/community_balance.vis b/services/registration/community_balance.vis
index f3e0ae1..fad90cc 100644
--- a/services/registration/community_balance.vis
+++ b/services/registration/community_balance.vis
@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ MOUT quit 9
 HALT
 INCMP _ 0
 INCMP quit 9
+INCMP . * 
diff --git a/services/registration/edit_first_name_swa b/services/registration/edit_first_name_swa
index 3fdd986..5776bf0 100644
--- a/services/registration/edit_first_name_swa
+++ b/services/registration/edit_first_name_swa
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Jina la kwanza la sasa {{.get_current_profile_info}}
+Jina la kwanza la sasa: {{.get_current_profile_info}}
 Weka majina yako ya kwanza:
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/registration/edit_location_swa b/services/registration/edit_location_swa
index 0a3476e..179c421 100644
--- a/services/registration/edit_location_swa
+++ b/services/registration/edit_location_swa
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Eneo la sasa {{.get_current_profile_info}}
+Eneo la sasa: {{.get_current_profile_info}}
 Weka eneo:
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/registration/edit_offerings.vis b/services/registration/edit_offerings.vis
index ddbc9e0..9c1e747 100644
--- a/services/registration/edit_offerings.vis
+++ b/services/registration/edit_offerings.vis
@@ -10,5 +10,4 @@ CATCH _ flag_back_set 1
 RELOAD save_offerings
 INCMP _ 0
 CATCH pin_entry flag_offerings_set 1
-CATCH pin_entry flag_offerings_set 0
 INCMP update_profile_items *
diff --git a/services/registration/edit_profile.vis b/services/registration/edit_profile.vis
index e5ee12b..0f0adb7 100644
--- a/services/registration/edit_profile.vis
+++ b/services/registration/edit_profile.vis
@@ -20,3 +20,4 @@ INCMP edit_yob 4
 INCMP edit_location 5
 INCMP edit_offerings 6
 INCMP view_profile 7
+INCMP . * 
diff --git a/services/registration/edit_yob_swa b/services/registration/edit_yob_swa
index e0b5708..f923c86 100644
--- a/services/registration/edit_yob_swa
+++ b/services/registration/edit_yob_swa
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Mwaka wa sasa wa kuzaliwa {{.get_current_profile_info}}
+Mwaka wa sasa wa kuzaliwa: {{.get_current_profile_info}}
 Weka mwaka wa kuzaliwa
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/registration/my_account.vis b/services/registration/my_account.vis
index 2b6289e..e3956d2 100644
--- a/services/registration/my_account.vis
+++ b/services/registration/my_account.vis
@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ INCMP balances 3
 INCMP check_statement 4
 INCMP pin_management 5
 INCMP address 6
+INCMP . *
diff --git a/services/registration/my_balance.vis b/services/registration/my_balance.vis
index 9144da9..b6094c0 100644
--- a/services/registration/my_balance.vis
+++ b/services/registration/my_balance.vis
@@ -9,3 +9,4 @@ MOUT quit 9
 HALT
 INCMP _ 0
 INCMP quit 9
+INCMP . * 
diff --git a/services/registration/select_gender.vis b/services/registration/select_gender.vis
index c1a00f5..e41da10 100644
--- a/services/registration/select_gender.vis
+++ b/services/registration/select_gender.vis
@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ INCMP _ 0
 INCMP set_male 1
 INCMP set_female 2
 INCMP set_unspecified 3
+INCMP . *
diff --git a/services/registration/select_gender_swa b/services/registration/select_gender_swa
index b077a0b..39d99d5 100644
--- a/services/registration/select_gender_swa
+++ b/services/registration/select_gender_swa
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-Jinsia ya sasa {{.get_current_profile_info}}
+Jinsia ya sasa: {{.get_current_profile_info}}
 Chagua jinsia
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/services/registration/select_language.vis b/services/registration/select_language.vis
index 54f08e9..0f7f298 100644
--- a/services/registration/select_language.vis
+++ b/services/registration/select_language.vis
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-MOUT english 0
-MOUT kiswahili 1
+MOUT english 1
+MOUT kiswahili 2
 HALT
-INCMP set_eng 0
-INCMP set_swa 1
+INCMP set_eng 1
+INCMP set_swa 2
 INCMP . *
diff --git a/services/registration/set_default.vis b/services/registration/set_default.vis
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b66a1b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/registration/set_default.vis
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+LOAD set_language 6
+RELOAD set_language
+CATCH terms flag_account_created 0
+MOVE language_changed
diff --git a/services/registration/terms.vis b/services/registration/terms.vis
index f04bdf4..372b6ca 100644
--- a/services/registration/terms.vis
+++ b/services/registration/terms.vis
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-MOUT yes 0
-MOUT no 1
+MOUT yes 1
+MOUT no 2
 HALT
-INCMP create_pin 0
+INCMP create_pin 1
 INCMP quit *
diff --git a/services/registration/view_profile.vis b/services/registration/view_profile.vis
index a7ffee4..4f4947c 100644
--- a/services/registration/view_profile.vis
+++ b/services/registration/view_profile.vis
@@ -4,5 +4,8 @@ LOAD reset_incorrect 6
 CATCH incorrect_pin flag_incorrect_pin 1
 CATCH pin_entry flag_account_authorized 0
 MOUT back 0
+MOUT quit 9
 HALT
 INCMP _ 0
+INCMP quit 9
+INCMP . *