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done with editing the blog finaly

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<p>Universal Basic Income (UBI), as currently under trial in Kenya by GiveDirectly, gives regular donations to individuals in selected communities. According to GiveDirectly, these donations allow people living in poverty to save money and invest, without the typical high overhead cost of administration facing NGOs. GiveDirectly is part of a popular wave of cash transfers, with remarkable examples such as the Bolsa Familia in Brazil, which provides direct funds to about 14 million families (2012 figures). Still, history tells us that ‘the next big thing in development’ (such as microfinance in the 90s) will need a thorough review.</p>
<p>The idea that just giving people money (without NGOs involved) in a developing country such as Kenya will enable people to engage in economic opportunities, get out of poverty and send their children to school, is highly appealing. GiveDirectly’s UBI certainly meets the ‘paternalism test’ as used by Guy Standing: “a policy can only be just if it doesn’t impose controls on some groups that are not imposed on the most free groups in society.” But critics would say that in GiveDirectly’s pilots, poor people are still dependent on and subjected to the goodwill of the rich whose wealth may come in part from exploiting resources and cheap labor.</p>
<p>One of the prominent scholars on cash transfers, Christopher Blattman, argues that without the necessary supply-side provided by the government such as good education and health care, a basic income cannot function. Blattman considered political stability, economic certainty and establishing small and large firms far more important to foster the wealth of people in a country. Scouring inequality levels largely set in motion by the Structural Adjustment Programs imposed by the IMF on Kenya in the 1980s and 1990s, it is extremely hard to see how this debt will be reversed by donating small amounts to a selection of poor people.</p>
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<p>Community currencies enable the funding to be more effective, as they encourage circulation in the community long term, increasing local trade, and thus economic development. As more and more cooperative businesses are developed, their assets are issued as more vouchers to more families across the community and can be used at any shop or school in the community. While the impact may not be as fast, over time, a UBI based on Community Currency could outpace one funded by donor support. By directly developing cooperative assets into a system that distributes assets and profits to the greater community, community currencies can directly effect local development and outlast all forms of donation-driven cash transfer.</p>
<p>While studies are currently underway on Universal Basic Income it is important to also test other models. To address which model of basic income would be faster and more cost effective at developing local sustainability, pilots and RCTs on community currencies as a source of basic income are needed and are being sought by several universities around the globe.</p>
<p>#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations</p>
<p>#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations</p>
<p>#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations</p>
<p>#UBI #communitycurrencies #research #cashtransfers #donations</p>
<blockquote>
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/UBI">#UBI</a></blockquote>
<p>#UBI</p>
<blockquote>
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/communitycurrencies">#communitycurrencies</a></blockquote>
<p>#communitycurrencies</p>
<blockquote>
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/research">#research</a></blockquote>
<p>#research</p>
<blockquote>
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/cashtransfers">#cashtransfers</a></blockquote>
<p>#cashtransfers</p>
<blockquote>
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.grassrootseconomics.org/blog/hashtags/donations">#donations</a></blockquote>
<p>#donations</p>
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